niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio 
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  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date:  RESERVOIR: Safety and Efficacy of Niclosamide in Patients With COVID-19 With Gastrointestinal Infection (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 2, 2023   
    P2,  N=166, Active, not recruiting, 
    Trial completion date: May 2023 --> Sep 2023 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; The termination of the study was a decision based on topline data analysis (no efficacy as per Day 43) of the study data. Trial completion date: Dec 2022 --> Mar 2023
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Enrollment change, Trial withdrawal, Trial primary completion date:  Niclosamide In Moderate COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 21, 2022   
    P2,  N=0, Withdrawn, 
    Trial completion date: Mar 2022 --> Jul 2022 N=100 --> 0 | Not yet recruiting --> Withdrawn | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2021 --> Jan 2022
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Enrollment change, Trial withdrawal, Trial primary completion date:  Niclosamide in COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 21, 2022   
    P2,  N=0, Withdrawn, 
    N=100 --> 0 | Not yet recruiting --> Withdrawn | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2021 --> Jan 2022 N=148 --> 0 | Not yet recruiting --> Withdrawn | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2021 --> Jan 2022
  • ||||||||||  MS1819-SD / AzurRx BioPharma, micronized niclosamide (FW-420) / First Wave Bio, AzurRx BioPharma, niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    [VIRTUAL] AzurRx BioPharma () -  May 31, 2021 - Abstract #BIO2021BIO_258;    
    AzurRx is launching two clinical programs using proprietary formulations of niclosamide, a pro-inflammatory pathway inhibitor; FW-420, for grade 1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Colitis and diarrhea in oncology patients and FW-1022, for COVID-19 gastrointestinal infections. The Company is headquartered in Delray Beach, Florida with clinical operations in Hayward, California.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Trial completion date, Trial initiation date, Trial primary completion date:  Niclosamide in COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 15, 2021   
    P2,  N=148, Not yet recruiting, 
    Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting Trial completion date: May 2021 --> Dec 2021 | Initiation date: Nov 2020 --> Jun 2021 | Trial primary completion date: May 2021 --> Oct 2021
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Trial completion date, Trial initiation date, Trial primary completion date:  Niclosamide In Moderate COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 15, 2021   
    P2,  N=100, Not yet recruiting, 
    Trial completion date: May 2021 --> Dec 2021 | Initiation date: Nov 2020 --> Jun 2021 | Trial primary completion date: May 2021 --> Oct 2021 Trial completion date: Apr 2021 --> Dec 2021 | Initiation date: Dec 2020 --> Jun 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2021 --> Aug 2021
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    New P2 trial:  Niclosamide in COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Sep 8, 2020   
    P2,  N=148, Not yet recruiting, 
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Trial primary completion date:  Niclosamide In Moderate COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Sep 7, 2020   
    P2,  N=100, Not yet recruiting, 
    Trial completion date: Apr 2021 --> Dec 2021 | Initiation date: Dec 2020 --> Jun 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2021 --> Aug 2021 Trial primary completion date: Jan 2021 --> Apr 2021
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    New P2 trial:  Niclosamide In Moderate COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jun 18, 2020   
    P2,  N=100, Not yet recruiting, 
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Journal:  Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by niclosamide through mTORC1 inhibition. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 13, 2020   
    Likewise, MHY-1485 could partially reverse the inhibitory effect of niclosamide by increasing the phosphorylation in the mTORC1 pathway and HIV-1 viral protein synthesis. Our findings, therefore, demonstrated the antiviral mechanism of niclosamide is via the AMPK-mTORC1 pathway, which could be a common therapeutic target for various viruses.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Journal:  STAT3 operates as a novel transcription factor that regulates NEDD4 in Keloid. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 4, 2020   
    No direct protein-protein interactions between STAT3 and NEDD4 can be identified in our setting. The data we provided herein enrich the knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism of NEDD4 involved in the pathogenesis of keloid, defining a new regulatory role for STAT3 in keloid.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Journal:  Contributions of Hepatic and Intestinal Metabolism to the Disposition of Niclosamide, A Repurposed Drug with Poor Bioavailability. (Pubmed Central) -  May 29, 2020   
    SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: These results suggest that efforts to increase the bioavailability of niclosamide by blocking its metabolism by P450 enzymes will unlikely be fruitful. In contrast, inhibition of niclosamide glucuronidation in both liver and intestine may prove effective for increasing niclosamide's bioavailability, thereby making it practical to repurpose this drug for treating systemic diseases.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Journal:  Maternal-to-zygotic transition as a potential target for niclosamide during early embryogenesis. (Pubmed Central) -  May 21, 2020   
    Based on this study, we found that (1) niclosamide exposure during early zebrafish embryogenesis resulted in a decrease in yolk sac integrity with a concomitant decrease in the presence of yolk sac actin networks and increase in cell size; (2) within whole embryos, niclosamide exposure did not alter non-polar metabolites and lipids, but significantly altered amino acids specific to aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; (3) niclosamide significantly altered transcripts related to translation, transcription, and mRNA processing pathways; and (4) niclosamide did not significantly alter levels of rRNA and tRNA. Overall, our findings suggest that niclosamide may be causing a systemic delay in embryonic development by disrupting the translation of maternally-supplied mRNAs, an effect that may be mediated through disruption of aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Journal:  A New Method to Test Molluscicides against the Philippine Schistosomiasis Snail Vectors. (Pubmed Central) -  May 16, 2020   
    Taken together, the results point out that mpt generates accurate and reproducible lethal concentration values. Hence, mpt may be used as an alternative method to screen molluscicides that are active against schistosome snail vectors.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Review, Journal:  Broad Spectrum Antiviral Agent Niclosamide and Its Therapeutic Potential. (Pubmed Central) -  May 13, 2020   
    Through a series of drug repurposing screening campaigns, niclosamide, an FDA-approved anthelminthic drug, was found to be effective against various viral infections with nanomolar to micromolar potency such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, ZIKV, HCV and human adenovirus, indicating its potential as an antiviral agent. In this brief article, we summarize the broad antiviral activities of niclosamide and highlight its potential clinical use for treatment of COVID-19.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Journal:  Plausible mechanisms of Niclosamide as an antiviral agent against COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) -  May 4, 2020   
    Niclosamide (NIC) is an approved anti-helminthic drug with diverse antiviral mechanisms. In this work we hypothesize, the potential antiviral mechanisms of NIC against COVID-19.
  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg., niclosamide (FW-1022) / First Wave Bio
    Journal:  Inhibition of LEF1-mediated DCLK1 by Niclosamide Attenuates Colorectal Cancer Stemness. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 22, 2020   
    Disruption of the LEF1/DCLK1-B axis by niclosamide eradicates cancer stemness and elicits therapeutic effects on CRC initiation, progression, and resistance. These findings provide a preclinical rationale to broaden the clinical evaluation of niclosamide for the treatment of CRC.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Systematic review of the effectiveness of selected drugs for preventive chemotherapy for Taenia solium taeniasis. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2020   
    Evidence indicated that praziquantel 10mg/kg, niclosamide 2g, and triple dose albendazole 400mg were effective as taenicides and could be considered for use in mass drug administration programs for the control of T. solium taeniasis. Evidence was not found that any of these drugs caused severe side effects at the indicated doses, although the extent of the available evidence was limited.