galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Potential Nutraceutical Properties of Leaves from Several Commonly Cultivated Plants. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 8, 2021   
    In silico molecular modeling of these polyphenols demonstrated their improved AChE and BuChE binding affinities compared to the current FDA-approved dual ChEI, galantamine. Collectively, all the plant extracts contained nutraceutical agents as antioxidants and ChEIs and, therefore, their chronic consumption may prove beneficial to combat the pathological deficits that accrue in Alzheimer disease.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Transdermal drug delivery systems and their potential on Alzheimer's disease management. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 5, 2021   
    Collectively, all the plant extracts contained nutraceutical agents as antioxidants and ChEIs and, therefore, their chronic consumption may prove beneficial to combat the pathological deficits that accrue in Alzheimer disease. In summary, the transdermal administration of Alzheimer's drugs is an interesting and promising topic, which should be further elaborated.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Galantamine as a Treatment Option for Nicotine Addiction. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 3, 2021   
    There are not many studies to illustrate the effectiveness of galantamine for smoking cessation. This article explores the possibility of potential use of galantamine in alleviating the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion, Enrollment change:  COGICRehab: Cognitive Rehabilitation and Galantamine for Post Stroke Cognitive Impairment (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Aug 27, 2021   
    P2,  N=47, Completed, 
    Docking calculation showed that carotenoids can exert their inhibitory activity fitting into the enzyme pocket by their halves, in the presence of cholinesterase dimers. Recruiting --> Completed | N=30 --> 47
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  A Galantamine-Curcumin Hybrid Decreases the Cytotoxicity of Amyloid-Beta Peptide on SH-SY5Y Cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 19, 2021   
    Allosteric stimulation of α7 nAChRs is suggested as a possible mechanism of the cytoprotectivity of 4b. These and previous findings characterize 4b as a prospective non-toxic multi-target agent against neurodegenerative disorders with inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase, antioxidant, and cytoprotective properties.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Natural Anti-inflammatory compounds as Drug candidates in Alzheimer's disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 18, 2021   
    In conclusion, natural products from plants represent interesting candidates for the treatment of AD. This review highlights the potential of specific compounds from natural products along with their synthetic derivatives to counteract AD in the CNS.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Potential therapeutic natural products against Alzheimer's disease with Reference of Acetylcholinesterase. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 13, 2021   
    In this review we summarize the studies reporting phytocompounds and extracts from medicinal plants that show AChE inhibitory activities and could be of potential benefit in AD. Future research directions are suggested and recommendations made to expand the use of medicinal plants and their formulations to prevent, mitigate and treat AD.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Integrating Narcissus-derived galanthamine production into traditional upland farming systems. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 11, 2021   
    Galantamine is a licenced treatment for AD but supplies of the plant alkaloid that it is produced from, galanthamine, are limited...There was no difference in overall galanthamine yield if N. pseudonarcissus was cut biennially (1.64 vs. 1.75 kg galanthamine/ha for annual combined vs biennial cuts respectively; s.e.d = 0.117 kg galanthamine/ha; ns). This study verified the feasibility of a dual cropping approach to producing plant-derived galanthamine.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Aporphinoid alkaloids derivatives as selective cholinesterases inhibitors: biological evaluation and docking study. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 8, 2021   
    In addition, these alkaloids demonstrated better inhibition of BChE than reference drug galantamine...Molecular modelling studies were performed in order to illustrate key interactions between most active compounds and the enzymes and to explain their selectivity. These studies reveal that the benzodioxole moiety exhibits strong interactions due to hydrogen bonds that form with the Glu201 (AChE) and Tyr440 (BChE) residues, which is reflected in the IC 50 values.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Multi-Target Drug Candidates for Multifactorial Alzheimer's Disease: AChE and NMDAR as Molecular Targets. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 6, 2021   
    On the other hand, memantine is the only non-competitive NMDAR antagonist approved in AD treatment...This review focus on the significance of privileged scaffolds in the generation of the multi-target lead compound for treating AD, investigating the idea and challenges of multi-target drug design. Furthermore, the most auspicious elementary units for designing as well as synthesizing hybrid drugs are demonstrated as pharmacological probes in the rational design of new potential AD therapeutics.
  • ||||||||||  Kinaction (masitinib) / AB Science
    Masitinib in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: Results from study AB09004 (Convention Ctr - Four Seasons Ballroom 1) -  Aug 2, 2021 - Abstract #AAIC2021AAIC_1821;    
    Eligible patients that had a clinical diagnosis of AD with baseline mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score ≥12–≤25, and had received a stable dose of cholinesterase inhibitor (donepezil, rivastigmine or galantamine) and/or memantine for ≥6 months, were treated for 24 weeks. Masitinib (4.5mg/kg/day), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting mast cell and microglia activity, may provide a new treatment option for mild to moderate AD.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Populacional epidemiological study of dementia in the city of Londrina - Paraná - Brazil () -  Aug 2, 2021 - Abstract #AAIC2021AAIC_1441;    
    Masitinib (4.5mg/kg/day), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting mast cell and microglia activity, may provide a new treatment option for mild to moderate AD. It has been concluded that additional studies are needed to prove the potential risk factors for dementias, so that an early approach and prevention of this disease can be invested in, improving care even more.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Dementia care in diverse older adults in the Deep South and the rest of the US () -  Aug 2, 2021 - Abstract #AAIC2021AAIC_1094;    
    ADRD specialist and drug utilization is relatively low in both DS and non-DS, with no significant R/E differences. Research should continue to examine factors that may drive medical care decisions of older adults with ADRD in US regions with different socio-economic and medical resource contexts.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Care Processes Related to Clinical Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease in the US Veterans Affairs Healthcare System () -  Aug 2, 2021 - Abstract #AAIC2021AAIC_947;    
    Prior to the first ICD coding, 53.1% received codes for non-specific dementia and 29.4% for mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with the first code appearing an average of 3 years before the first AD code. In the year before the first AD code, 51.1% visited specialists, 25.7% received neuropsychological assessments, 31.3% had brain imaging (but only 1.3% had a fluorodeoxyglucose-PET scan), 30.2% received prescriptions for dementia medication, 45.8% received community-based services, and 15.0% were admitted to institutional long-term care.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Brain-derived acetylcholine maintains peak bone mass in adult female mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 30, 2021   
    Increasing brain ACh levels through the use of the blood brain barrier (BBB)-permeable acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) galantamine increased trabecular bone mass in adult female mice, whereas a peripheral increase in ACh levels induced by the BBB-impermeable AChEI pyridostigmine caused trabecular bone loss...Lastly, ChT heterozygosity and galantamine treatment triggered bone changes in female mice only, thus revealing the existence of a gender-specific skeletal response to brain ACh level. In conclusion, this study supports the stimulatory effect of central ACh on bone mass accrual, shows that it also promotes peak bone mass maintenance in adult mice, and suggests that central ACh regulates bone mass via different mechanisms in growing versus sexually mature mice.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Co-Immobilized Capillary Enzyme Reactor Based on Beta-Secretase1 and Acetylcholinesterase: A Model for Dual-Ligand Screening. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 27, 2021   
    To validate the system, galantamine and a β-secretase inhibitor were employed as standard inhibitors, which confirmed that the developed screening assay was able to identify reference ligands and to provide quantitative parameters...The innovative huAChE+BACE1-ICER/MS dual enzymatic system reported herein proved to be a reliable tool to identify and to characterize hit ligands for AChE and BACE1 in an enzymatic competitive environment. This innovative system assay involved lower costs; measured the product from enzymatic hydrolysis directly by MS; enabled immediate recovery of the enzymatic activity; showed specificity, selectivity, and sensitivity; and mimicked the cellular process.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  The State of The Art on Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 22, 2021   
    The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of what has been published over the last decade on the effectiveness of AChEIs in AD, analysing the most relevant issues under the clinical and methodological profiles and the consequent possible welfare effects for the whole world. Furthermore, novel drugs and possible therapeutic approaches are also discussed.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Natural products and their derivatives as multifunctional ligands against Alzheimer's disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 11, 2021   
    Therefore, natural products and their derivatives with proven efficacy could be used in the management of the neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the natural product based multitarget directed ligands like tacrine-coumarin, tacrine-huperzine A, harmine-isoxazoline, berberine-thiophenyl, galantamine-indole, pyridoxine-resveratrol, donepezil-curcumin and their mode of action.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Intranasal galantamine/chitosan complex nanoparticles elicit neuroprotection potentials in rat brains via antioxidant effect. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 8, 2021   
    Also, GSH level and SOD activity were significantly enhanced in CX-NP2 treated group compared to the control group. CX-NP2 did not induce a statistically significant oxidative stress or neuroinflammation in rat brains after 30-day treatment, they rather elicited neuroprotective potentials.HighlightsIntranasal GH/chitosan complex nanoparticles (CX-NP2) show promising potential as a brain targeting carrier.Compared to GH nasal solution, nasal CX-NP2 formulation did not exert oxidative stress nor neuroinflammation when administered for 30 days.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Transcriptomic and Genetic Associations between Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 4, 2021   
    Significant genetic correlations were found between PD and melanoma and prostate cancers. Several drugs indicated for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, such as galantamine, selegiline, exemestane, and estradiol, were identified as potential modulators of the comorbidities observed between neurodegeneration and cancer.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The Antioxidant Activity of Limonene Counteracts Neurotoxicity Triggered byAβ Oligomers in Primary Cortical Neurons. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 4, 2021   
    Interestingly, the monoterpene limonene showed a specific activity against acetylcholinesterase with an IC almost comparable to that of galantamine, used as positive control...This, in turn, prevented cell death in primary cortical neurons, showing an interesting neuroprotective profile against Aβ-induced toxicity. Collectively, the present results showed that the antioxidant properties of the main component of the genus Citrus, limonene, may be useful to prevent neuronal suffering induced by Aβ oligomers preventing the hyperactivity of K3.4.