leflunomide / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  brequinar (DUP 785) / BMS, Clear Creek Bio
    DHODH: A Promising New Therapeutic Target in Pediatric T-ALL (ENMCC - Hall D) -  Nov 4, 2022 - Abstract #ASH2022ASH_4861;    
    It is known that the intracellular concentration of nucleotides is high in activated T-lymphocytes, underlying the fact that two low-potency DHODHi’s are approved for the treatment of autoimmune T-cell diseases (e.g., teriflunomide for multiple sclerosis and leflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis)...These single agent treatment studies (brequinar, 50 mg/kg given every 3-days) were initiated between day 7 - 14 when the leukemias had engrafted and were established with detectable disease in the bone marrow...New data suggests that changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial mass following exposure to DHODHi may offer additional insights into this sensitivity. We are also studying DHODHi in combination with other approved and experimental agents toward the goal of a new therapeutic combination that is safe, well-tolerated, and efficacious for this patient population.
  • ||||||||||  leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Development and Evaluation of Novel Leflunomide SPION Bioemulsomes for the Intra-Articular Treatment of Arthritis. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 28, 2022   
    The particle size and entrapment efficiency of the selected LEF SPION EMLs were 198.2 nm and 83.7%, respectively. The EMLs exhibited sustained release for 24 h. Moreover, in vivo evaluation revealed LEF SPION EMLs to be superior to the LEF suspension, likely due to the increase in LEF solubility by nanoencapsulation that improved the pharmacological effects and the use of SPION that ensured the localization of EMLs in the intra-articular cavity upon administration.
  • ||||||||||  cyclosporine / Generic mfg., leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Journal, PD(L)-1 Biomarker, IO biomarker:  Upregulation of TIMM8A is correlated with prognosis and immune regulation in BC. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 18, 2022   
    In breast cancer, up-regulated TIMM 8A was significantly related to lower survival rate and higher immune invasiveness. Our research showed that TIMM 8A could be used as a biomarker for poor prognosis of breast cancer and a potential target of immunotherapy.
  • ||||||||||  carvedilol / Generic mfg., leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Hepatoprotective effects of carvedilol and crocin against leflunomide-induced liver injury. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 18, 2022   
    While the coadministration of carvedilol, crocin and their combination with leflunomide significantly decreased the serum levels of AST, ALT, ALP, hepatic MDA, mTOR gene, PI3K gene, TGF-β, and the pathological changes alongside with the significant elevation of serum albumin, total protein, hepatic catalase, and GSH. This study is suggesting several solutions for Leflunomide-induced hepatotoxicity demonstrated by the protective effect of the antihypertensive drug carvedilol, the natural product crocin, and their combination which was demonstrated to be superior to each drug alone.
  • ||||||||||  Vistide (cidofovir) / Gilead
    BK Nephropathy in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients: An Upcoming Challenge (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_3267;    
    Antiviral medications including leflunomide, cidofovir, quinolones, and intravenous Ig have been used with variable outcome and with risk for nephrotoxicity...Tacrolimus was tapered down and switched to sirolimus...BKV-specific Cytotoxic T cell infusion is currently under investigation for treatment of BK related cystitis. Future studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy and other potential targeted therapies in treating BK nephropathy.
  • ||||||||||  Simulect (basiliximab) / Novartis
    Collapsing Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Complicating BK Allograft Nephropathy in a Heart-Kidney Transplant Recipient (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_3266;    
    Induction with Basiliximab and immunosuppression included Tacrolimus, Prednisone and Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF)...MMF replaced with leflunomide, and IVIG 2g/kg were given...We believe that collapsing FSGS was triggered by the significant BK viremia and nephropathy in this case. Early detection of proteinuria and prompt treatment of BK viremia can potentially reverse this catastrophic sequel.
  • ||||||||||  Thymoglobulin (anti-thymocyte globulin (rabbit)) / Sanofi, Viralym-M (posoleucel) / AlloVir
    Clinical Course of a Kidney Transplant Recipient With BK Polyomavirus Treated With Posoleucel (PSL) Multivirus-Specific T-Cells (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_3246;    
    Adjunct therapies such as cidofovir, IVIG, and leflunomide produce mixed results...He received thymoglobulin induction and maintenance immunosuppression with tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and prednisone...Six months later, he was diagnosed with EBV+ post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease and was treated with rituximab...Mycophenolate was discontinued, tacrolimus was switched to sirolimus, and he was started on cidofovir q 2 weeks with rise in serum BK to >10 million copies/mL...A phase 2 trial has completed enrollment. BK viral load and creatinine
  • ||||||||||  Tembexa (brincidofovir oral) / SymBio Pharma, Vistide (cidofovir) / Gilead
    Native BK Polyomavirus Nephropathy in an Orthotopic Heart Transplant Recipient (Exhibit Hall, Orange County Convention Center, West Building) -  Oct 13, 2022 - Abstract #KIDNEYWEEK2022KIDNEY_WEEK_1907;    
    While there are no randomized controlled trials, the current mainstay of treatment is reduction of immunosuppression, backed by meta-analyses and observational studies. Additional possible therapies without strong evidence include intravenous immunoglobulin, leflunomide, cidofovir, brincidofovir, and fluoroquinolones.
  • ||||||||||  methotrexate / Generic mfg., leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in inflammatory arthritis: Relationship with cardiovascular risk. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 11, 2022   
    Likewise, monitoring of the liver disease risk in routine clinical practice through both, classical and novel techniques and indexes will be exposed. Finally, we will examine the latest controversies that have been raised about the effects of the current therapies used to control the inflammation in RA and PsA, in the liver damage of those patients, such as methotrexate, leflunomide or biologics.
  • ||||||||||  Painful skin lesions after starting subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement (Exhibit Hall (Upper Concourse); Monitor 03) -  Oct 10, 2022 - Abstract #ACAAI2022ACAAI_866;    
    Case Description Patient is on multiple immunosuppressants including ustekinumab, canakinumab, and leflunomide managed by Rheumatology...Past immune evaluation showed normal IgG and appropriate response to Pneumovax two years ago...Additionally, the patient also had a few ear infections; thus, A/I currently trialing Cuvitru at IgG replacement dosing (∼500 mg/kg)...In contrast, local reactions with swelling, pain, and bruising on SCIg infusion sites have been well reported. To our knowledge, systemic dermatological adverse reactions due to SCIg have not been reported in the past.
  • ||||||||||  Xolair (omalizumab) / Roche, Novartis, Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    The Importance Of B Cells In Overcoming COVID-19 Infection In Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients. (Exhibit Hall (Upper Concourse); Monitor 11) -  Oct 10, 2022 - Abstract #ACAAI2022ACAAI_710;    
    3 of 34 CVID– COVID-19+ patients died; one with significant lung pathology, on home oxygen, and another had uncontrolled type II diabetes, obesity, Behcet syndrome, SLE and RA treated with apremilast, hydroxychloroquine, and rituximab...In addition to immunoglobulin production, B-cells may have a different role in fighting acute COVID-19 infection. B-cell depletion therapy may predispose to worse outcomes and inflammatory markers may aid in prognostication.
  • ||||||||||  leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Trial primary completion date:  Leflunomide for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory CD30+ Lymphoproliferative Disorders (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Sep 27, 2022   
    P2,  N=1, Active, not recruiting, 
    This work suggests also a negative impact of abatacept, methotrexate or leflunomide especially when associated to biological therapy. Trial primary completion date: Aug 2022 --> Jul 2023
  • ||||||||||  Orencia (abatacept) / BMS, Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma, Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    Influence of Immunosuppressive Therapy on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_3173;    
    However, these results need verification in additional studies and in randomised controlled clinical trials.Baseline factors associated with the total UCLA GIT 2.0 score at the end of the observation period. Multiple linear regression model with imputation for missing variables.
  • ||||||||||  Orencia (abatacept) / BMS, Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma, Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    Inflammatory Arthritis in an Australian Scleroderma Cohort – Patient Characteristics, Associations and Treatments (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_3166;    
    In contrast to rheumatoid arthritis, the presence of a positive RF in SSc, despite its high prevalence, was not significantly associated with IA, whilst anti-CCP, despite its low prevalence, was strongly associated with IA. Additionally, the presence of IA in our cohort was associated with a lower prevalence of vascular complications.Table 1.
  • ||||||||||  Cimzia (certolizumab pegol) / Astellas, UCB
    How Disease Activity Can Affect Workability in Spondyloarthropaties: A Monocentric Cohort Analysis (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_3103;    
    Disease activity, in particular entheseal involvement, seems able to compromise every parameter of WA and extra-work activities; it is interesting to note that some drugs seem more efficacious in preserving WA. Worse working outcomes may determine a significant psychological burden in SpA patients and correlate with an impaired QoL.
  • ||||||||||  Orencia (abatacept) / BMS, Benlysta (belimumab) / GSK, Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    Immune Responses to mRNA Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with Immune-mediated Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_3048;    
    Among commonly used therapies, abatacept and B-cell depleting therapies show deleterious effects, while anticytokines preserved immunogenicity. The effects of cumulative methotrexate and glucocorticoid doses on immunogenicity should be considered.
  • ||||||||||  Benlysta (belimumab) / GSK, Saphnelo (anifrolumab) / AstraZeneca, Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    Prior Use of Autoimmune Disease Treatments Among Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, or Myositis Hospitalized with COVID-19 (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_2839;    
    These treatments may be indicative of autoimmune disease severity, or independently associated with the occurrence of severe COVID. The potential impact on patients' COVID risk should be carefully considered when selecting or adjusting autoimmune treatment regimens.1 Geographic region not reported for myositis patients with severe COVID due to low sample size; 2 Comorbidities and SLE disease severity assessed among patients enrolled during the 12 months before 4/1/2020 (89% of SLE, 90% of RA, 92% of MYO); * p < 0.05 vs.
  • ||||||||||  Orencia (abatacept) / BMS, Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
    Optimizing Laboratory Medication Safety Monitoring in Patients with JIA to Advance Value-based Care (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_2738;    
    Our primary interventions of education and EMR modifications allowed for standardization of laboratory test ordering. Some physicians in our group have expanded this project with other changes to their laboratory test ordering practice that could lead to decreased cost without sacrificing patient safety.
  • ||||||||||  Humira (adalimumab) / Eisai, AbbVie
    Effectiveness and Safety of Adalimumab versus Leflunomide in Patients with Takayasu Arteritis – a Retrospective Cohort Study (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_2491;    
    However, withdrawal from therapy and mild-to-moderate adverse events were only observed in the LEF group.Table 1 – Baseline features of TAK patients under therapy with ADA and LEF.ADA – Adalimumab; CRP – C-reactive protein; ESR – Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; IV – Intravenous; LEF – Leflunomide; MTP – Methylprednisolone; n – Number of patients; SD – Standard deviation; TAK – Takayasu arteritis; TNFi – TNF inhibitors. Table 2 – Comparison of outcomes between ADA and LEF groups.ADA – Adalimumab; CRP – C-reactive protein; ESR – Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; LEF – Leflunomide; n – Number of patients
  • ||||||||||  Lung Involvement in VEXAS Syndrome (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_2478;    
    The pulmonary manifestations of VEXAS are nonspecific and characterized predominantly by inflammatory parenchymal involvement.Response to glucocorticoids documented with chest HRCT. Follow-up chest HRCT was available for 8 patients (36%): GGO resolved (5), new or increased GGO (3) (during flares), increased interlobular septal thickening (1)
  • ||||||||||  Orencia (abatacept) / BMS, Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    Expert Clinical Management of Immune-related Inflammatory Arthritis: Results from a Multicenter International Expert Survey (Virtual Poster Hall) -  Sep 17, 2022 - Abstract #ACRConvergence2022ACR_CONVERGENCE_2150;    
    These findings show variation in preferences for the management of irAE-arthritis among international experts. There is a need for additional studies to determine the efficacy and safety of various approaches, as concerns remain about the potential deleterious effects of glucocorticoids and specific DMARDs on tumor immunity