zidovudine / Generic mfg. 
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 94 Diseases   6 Trials   6 Trials   1432 News 


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  • ||||||||||  lamivudine / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal, Adverse drug reaction:  Nature and prevalence of adverse drug reaction of antiretroviral medications in Halibet National Referral Hospital: a retrospective study. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 31, 2020   
    Furthermore, CD4 count below 200, was identified as a major risk factor that predisposes patients to ADRs. This is burdensome to resource constrained countries such as Eritrea who have limited drug options and high HIV prevalence, therefore these findings will help patients and healthcare professionals understand the nature as well as seriousness of these ADRs and identify the risks involved with ART medications which can help minimize ART associated ADRs early on.
  • ||||||||||  lamivudine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Zidovudine-mediated autophagy inhibition enhances mitochondrial toxicity in muscle cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 29, 2020   
    Our data suggest that the thymidine analogue AZT inhibits autophagy in myocytes, which in turn leads to accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria with increased ROS generation and compromised cell viability. This novel mechanism could contribute to our understanding of the long-term side effects of antiviral agents.
  • ||||||||||  lamivudine / Generic mfg., abacavir / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbones and pregnancy outcomes. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 29, 2020   
    This novel mechanism could contribute to our understanding of the long-term side effects of antiviral agents. Results support the safety of TDF-XTC backbones initiated in pregnancy with respect to gestation length and birthweight.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  The inhibitory effect of antiretroviral drugs on the L-carnitine uptake in human placenta. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 20, 2019   
    Ritonavir, saquinavir and elvitegravir showed the highest inhibitory potential which was further confirmed for ritonavir and saquinavir in placental fresh villous fragments. Our data indicate possible impairment in placental and fetal supply of l-carnitine with ritonavir and saquinavir, while suggesting retained placental carnitine transport with the other antiretroviral drugs.
  • ||||||||||  zidovudine / Generic mfg.
    Biomarker, Journal:  Cardiac and mitochondrial function in HIV-uninfected fetuses exposed to antiretroviral treatment. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 20, 2019   
    Our data indicate possible impairment in placental and fetal supply of l-carnitine with ritonavir and saquinavir, while suggesting retained placental carnitine transport with the other antiretroviral drugs. HEU fetuses showed signs of increased myocardial and mitochondrial mass associated with maternal zidovudine treatment, suggesting a fetal adaptive response to cART toxicity.
  • ||||||||||  zidovudine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Mammalian Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterases in the Context of Mitochondrial DNA Repair. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 20, 2019   
    TDP2 belongs to the exonuclease/endonuclease/phosphodiesterase family and requires magnesium as a cofactor to excise TOP2ccs, and it also excises TOP1ccs, albeit with a lower efficiency. Here, we review TDP1 and TDP2 in the context of mitochondrial DNA repair and discuss potential new research areas centered on the mitochondrial TDPs.
  • ||||||||||  zidovudine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Key Principles of Antiretroviral Pharmacology. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 19, 2019   
    Understanding the dosage forms, adverse effects, and drug interactions of antiretrovirals allow clinicians to choose the most appropriate regimen for their patient. New developments, such as branded generic regimens and long-acting intramuscular injections, may play a larger role in the future.
  • ||||||||||  ciprofloxacin / Generic Mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Bioengineering of bacterial pathogens for noninvasive imaging and in vivo evaluation of therapeutics. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 30, 2019   
    This was further verified by administering [F]FIAU to animals infected with PAO1 and PAO1TK. Utility of tk-engineered P. aeruginosa in noninvasive PET/CT imaging for bacterial therapeutic evaluation in animals was demonstrated employing antibiotic ciprofloxacin, underscoring the immediate use of PAO1TK and potentially other engineered pathogens for evaluating experimental therapeutics.
  • ||||||||||  Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Tocilizumab for KSHV-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Nov 27, 2019   
    P2,  N=17, Recruiting, 
    Taking into account that chitosan may promote the direct brain nanoparticle uptake, these findings can be considered an initial step toward the in vivo targeting of the subarachnoid macrophages by U-AZT prodrug. Trial completion date: Jul 2020 --> Jul 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2020 --> Jul 2021
  • ||||||||||  metformin / generics
    Clinical, Journal:  Switch to rilpivirine improves diabetes in an elderly HIV-positive patient. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 24, 2019   
    In several countries zidovudine has long been used due to its low cost, although several side effects have been observed, especially in the long term. In this case, the switch to rilpivirine was shown to be able to improve the toxicity of zidovudine on glucose metabolism, representing a good option to be used.
  • ||||||||||  abacavir / Generic Mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic Mfg.
    Journal:  Neurodevelopment at 11 months after starting antiretroviral therapy within 3 weeks of life. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 22, 2019   
    Once body weight > 3 kg and gestational age > 44 weeks, Abacavir replaced Zidovudine...Mean quotients were within the average range: Global Griffiths score was 103.6 ± 10.9 and mean quotients on the subscales ranged from lowest 95.9 ± 13.4 for locomotor to highest 112.8 ± 11.3 for hearing-and-language. Preliminary findings in this small group suggest that early neurodevelopmental scores are within the normal range in infants with perinatal HIV infection who started ART at a median of 6 days.
  • ||||||||||  lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic Mfg.
    New-born infants from HIV positive women: five years experience of Infectious Diseases Hospital Iasi (Exhibition hall) -  Nov 15, 2019 - Abstract #EACS2019EACS_1933;    
    Mothers received treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir +zidovudine/lamivudine through the whole pregnancy in 111 cases, other antiretroviral regimens in 43 cases, and in 9 cases the mothers did not receive any treatment, being tested for HIV at birth. Evaluation of pregnant HIV-positive women and prophylaxis for new-born infants in the evaluated period was conducted according to protocols, which resulted in a small percentage of HIV-positive children(1,8%).
  • ||||||||||  lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic Mfg.
    New-born infants from HIV positive women: five years experience of Infectious Diseases Hospital Iasi (Exhibition hall) -  Nov 15, 2019 - Abstract #EACS2019EACS_1123;    
    Mothers received treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir +zidovudine/lamivudine through the whole pregnancy in 111 cases, other antiretroviral regimens in 43 cases, and in 9 cases the mothers did not receive any treatment, being tested for HIV at birth. Evaluation of pregnant HIV-positive women and prophylaxis for new-born infants in the evaluated period was conducted according to protocols, which resulted in a small percentage of HIV-positive children(1,8%).
  • ||||||||||  lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic Mfg.
    New-born infants from HIV positive women: five years experience of Infectious Diseases Hospital Iasi (Exhibition hall) -  Nov 15, 2019 - Abstract #EACS2019EACS_685;    
    Mothers received treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir +zidovudine/lamivudine through the whole pregnancy in 111 cases, other antiretroviral regimens in 43 cases, and in 9 cases the mothers did not receive any treatment, being tested for HIV at birth. Evaluation of pregnant HIV-positive women and prophylaxis for new-born infants in the evaluated period was conducted according to protocols, which resulted in a small percentage of HIV-positive children(1,8%).
  • ||||||||||  methylprednisolone / generics
    Journal:  HTLV-1 myelopathy after renal transplant and antiviral prophylaxis: the need for screening. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 15, 2019   
    Later on, the patient experienced neurological deterioration becoming wheelchair dependent. Since the occurrence of this case, HTLV-1 screening has become mandatory for solid organ transplantation in the Spanish province of Navarra, and the same should happen worldwide.
  • ||||||||||  lamivudine / Generic Mfg.
    Clinical, PK/PD data, Journal:  Pharmacokinetics and Placental Transfer of Bupivacaine Enantiomers in HIV-Infected Parturient Women on Antiretroviral Therapy. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 7, 2019   
    ARV therapy with ritonavir confers an enantioselective interaction between the enantiomers of bupivacaine and placental P-gp, producing greater inhibition of efflux transport of the R-bupivacaine enantiomer. Possible changes in the well-being of the fetuses of mothers under analgesia may be a consequence of the increased placental transfer of bupivacaine enantiomers to the fetal circulation.
  • ||||||||||  zidovudine / Generic Mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Discovery and Development of anti-HIV Therapeutic Agents: Progress Towards Improved HIV Medication. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 6, 2019   
    However, even with such potent cART, it is impossible to eradicate HIV because none of the currently available HIV drugs are effective in eliminating occult "dormant" HIV cell reservoirs. A number of novel unique treatment approaches that should drastically improve the quality of life (QOL) of patients or might actually be able to eliminate HIV altogether has also been discussed later in the review.
  • ||||||||||  Rituxan (rituximab) / Roche
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Natural History Study of the KSHV Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS) (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Nov 3, 2019   
    P2,  N=80, Recruiting, 
    A number of novel unique treatment approaches that should drastically improve the quality of life (QOL) of patients or might actually be able to eliminate HIV altogether has also been discussed later in the review. Trial completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2025
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Drug resistance among patients who acquired HIV infection in a PrEP trial. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 31, 2019   
    Trial completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2025 No TDF or FTC resistance-associated mutations were found among participants who acquired HIV in the ANRS IPERGAY trial.
  • ||||||||||  tenofovir disoproxil fumarate / Generic Mfg., zidovudine / Generic Mfg., nevirapine / Generic Mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Recommended First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in HIV-Infected Adults in Resource-Limited Settings. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 30, 2019   
    In the multivariable analysis with zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine as the reference group, a higher risk of DM was observed with TDF+lamivudine/emtricitabine+efavirenz (adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio [aSHR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-1.9), zidovudine+lamivudine+efavirenz (aSHR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.7-2.3), and TDF+lamivudine+LPV/r (aSHR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9-3.9). Several of the WHO recommended ART regimens, particularly tenofovir + lamivudine +LPV/r and regimens containing efavirenz, may be associated with an increased risk of DM.
  • ||||||||||  stavudine / Generic Mfg.
    Journal:  Removal of antiretroviral drugs stavudine and zidovudine in water under UV254 and UV254/H2O2 processes: Quantum yields, kinetics and ecotoxicology assessment. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 24, 2019   
    A battery of ecotoxicological tests (i.e. inhibition growth, bioluminescence, mutagenic and genotoxic activity) using bacteria (Aliivibrio fischeri, Salmonella typhimurium), crustacean (Daphnia magna) and algae (Raphidocelis subcapitata) revealed a marked influence of the UV dose on the ecotoxicological activity. The UV254/H2O2 treatment process reduced the ecotoxicological risk associated to direct photolysis of the antiretrovirals aqueous solutions, but required significantly higher UV254 doses (≥2000 mJ cm-2) in comparison to common water UV disinfection processes.
  • ||||||||||  Retrovir (zidovudine) / ViiV Healthcare
    Clinical, Journal:  Inclusion body myositis and human immunodeficiency virus type 1: A new case report and literature review. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 19, 2019   
    Twenty-two patients were found in the English and French literature. They are younger than those who suffer from IBM without HIV (median age = 47, range: 30 to 59), and they are mostly men with considerable serum creatine kinase (CK) elevation (median CK level = 1322 IU/L, range: 465 to 10270), most of them were treated with Zidovudine.