- |||||||||| doxorubicin hydrochloride / Generic mfg., fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Fluvastatin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiac and renal toxicity in rats via regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis associated genes expressions. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 26, 2022
Results point out protective use of FV exerts a beneficial effect by repressing lipid peroxidation and by regulating the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide synthase endothelial (eNOS), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and Caspase-3 (Casp3) protein and mRNA expressions, which play an important role in mediating DOXO-induced renal and cardiac toxicity mechanisms. In conclusion, FV may be a candidate agent for the prevention of renal and cardiac toxicities in cancer patients receiving DOXO chemotherapy.
- |||||||||| rosuvastatin / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Functional and Pharmacological Comparison of Human and Mouse Na/Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide (NTCP). (Pubmed Central) - Feb 24, 2022
In the present study, a functional comparison of human NTCP (hNTCP) and mouse Ntcp (mNtcp) showed similar K values of 67 ± 10 µM and 104 ± 9 µM for the probe substrate estrone-3-sulfate as well as of 258 ± 42 µM and 199 ± 13 µM for the drug rosuvastatin, respectively...In a drug and pesticide inhibitory screening on both transporters, 4 of the 15 tested drugs (cyclosporine A, benzbromarone, MK571, and fluvastatin) showed high inhibitory potency, but only slight inhibition was observed for the 13 tested pesticides...However, specific compounds, such as benzbromarone, showed clear species differences. Such species differences have to be considered when pharmacokinetic data are transferred from rodent to humans.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Fluvastatin enhances IL-33-mediated mast cell IL-6 and TNF production. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 24, 2022
Therefore, this work supports observations of unexpected pro-inflammatory effects of some statins and suggests mechanisms by which this may occur. Because statins are candidates for repurposing in inflammatory disorders, our work emphasizes the importance of understanding the pleiotropic and possible unexpected effects of these drugs.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg., celecoxib oral / Generic mfg.
Trial completion, Trial completion date: FLUVABREX: Safety of Fluvastatin-Celebrex Association in Low-grade and High Grade Optico-chiasmatic Gliomas (clinicaltrials.gov) - Feb 10, 2022
P1, N=20, Completed,
To sum up, the pH-regulating and ClO-loaded MFBC@CMR nanoplatform can achieve cascade chlorine treatment and methionine-depletion starvation therapy toward tumor cells, which is of great significance for improving the clinical tumor treatment effect. Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Oct 2022 --> Jan 2022
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Binding interaction of a potential statin with β-lactoglobulin: An in silico approach. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 1, 2022
We have found that the net average binding free energy is -29.394 kcal/mol that reveals a favorable binding interactions of BLG with the ligand. This study suggests that in spite of the acidic environment in the stomach BLG can act as a carrier for the acid-sensitive drug molecules such as fluvastatin because of its highly stable conformational behavior in the acidic pH.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: The pleotropic effects of fluvastatin on complement-mediated T-cell activation in hypercholesterolemia. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 28, 2022
Therefore, the pleiotropic effects of fluvastatin are partially ascribed to its ability to mediate T-cell activation and regulate complement activity. Consequently, enhanced therapeutic interventions that targets complement-induced T-cell activation may be important in mitigating the development of atherosclerosis and major cardiovascular events in individuals with hypercholesterolemia.
- |||||||||| risperidone / Generic mfg., pravastatin / Generic mfg., ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Bioinformatics analysis of candidate genes and potential therapeutic drugs targeting adipose tissue in obesity. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 14, 2022
Furthermore, nine potential therapeutic drugs (dasatinib, ocriplasmin, risperidone, gemfibrozil, ritonavir, fluvastatin, pravastatin, warfarin, atorvastatin) that target the key genes were also screened and selected. To conclude the key genes discovered (Lep, ApoE, Fyn, and FN1), as well as 9 candidate drugs, could be used as therapeutic targets in treating obesity.
- |||||||||| lovastatin / Generic mfg., pravastatin / Generic mfg., rosuvastatin / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Comparison of the Effects of Statins on A549 Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line Lipids Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: Rosuvastatin Stands Out. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 4, 2022
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of six different statins (rosuvastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin, and atorvastatin) on A549 cancer cells lipids by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy...In addition, rosuvastatin significantly lowered cholesterol ester levels. In conclusion, the contrasting effects of rosuvastatin should be further investigated.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal, IO biomarker: A Novel Ruthenium-Fluvastatin Complex Downregulates SNCG Expression to Modulate Breast Carcinoma Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis via Activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/VEGF/MMP9 Pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 30, 2021
In addition, the complex was able to modify p53 expressions to interfere with apoptosis in the carcinoma of the breast, stimulated by the intrinsic apoptotic path assisted by Bcl2 and Bax in vivo, yet at the same point, controlling the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/VEGF pathway, as obtained from western blotting, correlates with the MMP9-regulated tumor mechanisms. Our research reveals that ruthenium-fluvastatin chemotherapy may disrupt, rescind, or interrupt breast carcinoma progression by modifying intrinsic apoptosis as well as the antiangiogenic cascade, thereby taking the role of a potential candidate in cancer therapy for the immediate future.
- |||||||||| rosuvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Statins potentiate the antibacterial effect of platelets on Staphylococcus aureus. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 2, 2021
Statins have shown a potentiation of the antibacterial effect of washed platelets (p < .01 for Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin and p < .001 for Fluvastatin vs untreated washed platelets condition)...Tirofiban, GPIIbIIIa antagonist, reversed the antibacterial effect of washed platelets and suppressed the potentiating effect of statins...This result may explain the beneficial effect of statins on Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis. Further studies are therefore required to explain this effect at the molecular level and to assess its impact in vivo.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Fluvastatin mitigates SARS-CoV-2 infection in human lung cells. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 24, 2021
However, fluvastatin treatment specifically downregulated proteins that modulate protein translation and viral replication. Collectively, these results support the notion that statin therapy poses no additional risk to individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 and that fluvastatin has a moderate beneficial effect on SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lung cells.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Potential therapeutic effect of thymoquinone and/or bee pollen on fluvastatin-induced hepatitis in rats. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 24, 2021
TQ and/or BP treatment significantly (1) reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, and total bilirubin, (2) decreased malondialdehyde levels and increased level of reduced glutathione, and activities of glutathione peroxidase and catalase in the liver, (3) improved liver histology with mild deposition of type I collagen, (4) increased mRNA levels of transforming growth factor beta 1, nuclear factor Kappa B, and cyclooxygenase 1 and 2, and (5) decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha and upregulated interleukin 10 protein in the liver. These data clearly highlight the ability of TQ and BP combined therapy to cause better ameliorative effects on fluvastatin-induced hepatitis than individual treatment by each alone.
- |||||||||| lovastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal, PD(L)-1 Biomarker, IO biomarker: Statins Decrease Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) by Inhibiting AKT and β-Catenin Signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 24, 2021
In addition, we found that AKT and β-catenin signaling involved PD-L1 suppression by statins. Our cellular and molecular studies provide inspiring evidence for extending the clinical evaluation of statins for use in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitor-based cancer therapy.
- |||||||||| Livalo (pitavastatin) / Kowa, Eli Lilly
DRUG REPURPOSING SCREEN REVEALS GLIOBLASTOMA CELL LINE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO STATINS () - Nov 16, 2021 - Abstract #SNO2021SNO_1220;
BACKGROUND The standard therapy for glioblastoma patients is tumor resection followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy...RESULTS Fluvastatin and pitavastatin produced the most significant effects in glioblastoma cell lines...Here, we found their effects correlated with erastin, an enhancer of ferroptosis and with gene knockout of UBIAD1, which participates in non-mitochondrial ubiquinone synthesis...CONCLUSION Statins appeared to be especially effective against glioblastoma lines and the effect could be linked to ferroptosis and inhibition of UBIAD1. In vitro validation of this finding is ongoing.
- |||||||||| pravastatin / Generic mfg., rosuvastatin / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Evaluation of statin use on LDL cholesterol levels in Turkey: A systematic review (Pubmed Central) - Oct 22, 2021
In Turkey, only 15% of the patients who had received statin therapy had a LDL cholesterol level of <70 mg/dL. Revision of the current treatment should be considered to reach the target levels recommended in the guidelines, especially for patients with high cardiovascular risk.
- |||||||||| Livalo (pitavastatin) / Kowa, Eli Lilly
Journal: Statins repress needle-like carbon nanotube- or cholesterol crystal-stimulated IL-1β production by inhibiting the uptake of crystals by macrophages. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 16, 2021
We found that various statins, including pitavastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin, and lovastatin, but not squalene synthase inhibitor, repressed IL-1β release upon MWCNT stimulation...The statin-induced repression of MWCNT-elicited IL-1β release was observed in THP-1 derived and mouse peritoneal macrophages, but not in bone marrow-derived macrophages, where statins act in synergy with lipopolysaccharide to enhance the expression of IL-1β precursor protein. In summary, we describe a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism through which statins repress mature IL-1β release induced by pathogenic crystals and nanoneedles by inhibiting the internalization of crystals by macrophages.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Galectin-7 downregulation in lesional keratinocytes contributes to enhanced IL-17A signaling and skin pathology in psoriasis. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 10, 2021
We identified fluvastatin as an inducer of galectin-7 expression by connectivity map (cMAP) analysis, confirmed this effect in keratinocytes, and demonstrated that fluvastatin attenuated IL-6 and IL-8 production induced by IL-17A. Thus, we validate a role of galectin-7 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, in both epidermal hyperplasia and keratinocyte-mediated inflammatory responses, and formulated a rationale for the use of statins in the treatment of psoriasis.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Improvement of Hypertriglyceridemia by Roasted Nelumbinis folium in High Fat/High Cholesterol Diet Rat Model. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 4, 2021
During the next nine weeks, the control, regular diet; HFC, HFC diet, FLU, fluvastatin (3 mg/kg/day); RNL, RN (100 mg/kg/day); RNH, RN (200 mg/kg/day) were orally administered together with the diet, and the experiments were conducted for a total of 13 weeks...The results indicated that RN administration resulted in an improvement in the overall lipid metabolism and a decrease in the concentration of triglycerides in the HFC diet-induced rat model of hypertriglyceridemia. Therefore, our findings suggest that the RN can be a candidate material to provide a new direction for treating hypertriglyceridemia.
- |||||||||| fluvastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Hepatotoxicity Induced by Fluvastatin: A Reversible Acute Cholestatic Liver Injury. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 20, 2021
In our case report, we describe the synergistic effect of several factors in contributing to liver injuries, such as age, long-term gliclazide intake, and fluvastatin. Accordingly, we recommend close monitoring of patients' liver and kidney function, especially in the elderly and those with polypharmacy, while allowing sufficient time for the liver function to recover from a reversible reaction to fluvastatin.
- |||||||||| lovastatin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Transcriptome sequencing analysis reveals unique and shared antitumor effects of three statins in pancreatic cancer. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2021
Two human pancreatic cancer cell lines, MiaPaCa2 and PANC1, were exposed to three statins, lovastatin, fluvastatin and simvastatin...However, the low concentration statin‑induced gene expression alterations were only detected in MiaPaCa2 cells. In conclusion, a marked difference in the intra and inter cell‑type performance of pancreatic cancer cells exposed to a variety of statins at low or high concentrations was reported herein, which may provide insights for the potential clinical use of statins in future pancreatic cancer therapeutics.
- |||||||||| Livalo (pitavastatin) / Kowa, Eli Lilly
Journal: In silico interactions of statins with cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor-like effector A (CIDEA). (Pubmed Central) - Aug 4, 2021
The docking results indicated that atorvastatin and rosuvastatin showed the best interaction energy (-8.51 and -8.04 kcal/mol, respectively) followed by fluvastatin (-7.39), pitavastatin (-6.5), lovastatin (-6.23), pravastatin (-6.04) and simvastatin (-5.29)...Since two arginine residues -ARG19 and ARG22-were identified to be common for the interaction with CIDEA, a single-point mutation was induced in these residues to determine whether they are important for binding interaction. Mutation of these two residues seems to affect mostly the interaction of atorvastatin with CIDEA, suggesting that they are important for the binding and therefore indicate another possible metabolic mechanism of the pleiotropic effects of this statin.
- |||||||||| Livalo (pitavastatin) / Kowa, Eli Lilly
Journal: Comparison of Transcriptomic Profiles of MiaPaCa-2 Pancreatic Cancer Cells Treated with Different Statins. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 31, 2021
However, their inhibitory action also causes depletion of downstream intermediates of the pathway, resulting in the pleiotropic effects of statins, including the beneficial impact in the treatment of cancer. In our study, we compared the effect of all eight existing statins on the expression of genes, the products of which are implicated in cancer inhibition and suggested the molecular mechanisms of their action in epigenetic and posttranslational regulation, and in cell-cycle arrest, death, migration, or invasion of the cancer cells.
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