- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Zonisamide-Induced Hallucinations in a Middle-Aged Woman () - May 5, 2022 - Abstract #APA2022APA_730;
Reduced dosage or discontinuation of ZNS resolved AVH symptoms within one week. Given this patient’s history of seizure-related hallucinations, the causality of ZNS in generating these specific AVH symptoms is unclear, however, clinicians should be cognizant of this potential side-effect.
- |||||||||| Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review () - May 5, 2022 - Abstract #APA2022APA_525;
Therefore, it is important to understand the complexity in trying to provide symptomatic relief to LGS patients. Despite seeing the majority of cases lead to moderate - to - severe cognitive impairment within the first 5 years, targeting LGS and its surrounding neurocognitive problems individually and holistically, can improve the lives of the patients, but also in the lives of their families.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Effectiveness of zonisamide in childhood refractory epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 28, 2022
ZNS is an effective and reliable option as an add-on therapy in paediatric refractory epilepsy, especially in focal epilepsy. It can also be considered for treatment in TSC patients.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: High frequency oscillations play important roles in development of epileptogenesis/ictogenesis via activation of astroglial signallings. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 28, 2022
These results indicated that candidate pathomechanism/pathophysiology of carbamazepine-resistant ADSHE, which enhanced HFO-bursts in S286L-TG neurons may contribute to epileptogenesis/ictogenesis development via activation of connexin43-associated astroglial transmission, which was directly unaffected by mutation, and induced through activated Erk-signalling, followed by Akt-signalling. Therefore, suppression of overexpressed Erk-signalling probably prevents ADSHE onset via indirect inhibition of mutant CHRNA4-associated pathomechanistic developments.
- |||||||||| NN1213 / Novo Nordisk
Trial completion, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: Interdisciplinary Study of A Novel Anticonvulsant in Alcoholism (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 26, 2022
P3, N=81, Completed,
Therefore, suppression of overexpressed Erk-signalling probably prevents ADSHE onset via indirect inhibition of mutant CHRNA4-associated pathomechanistic developments. Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Aug 2023 --> Jan 2022 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2023 --> Jan 2022
- |||||||||| Vimpat (lacosamide) / UCB, Daiichi Sankyo
Journal: Antiseizure Medication Concentrations During Pregnancy: Results From the Maternal Outcomes and Neurodevelopmental Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs (MONEAD) Study. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 14, 2022
Additionally, compared with dose-normalized concentrations from control participants, pregnancy dose-normalized median (SE) concentrations decreased significantly by week of gestational age: carbamazepine, -0.14 (0.06) μg/L/mg (P = .02); carbamazepine unbound, -0.04 (0.01) μg/L/mg (P = .01); lacosamide, -0.23 (0.07) μg/L/mg (P < .001); lamotrigine, -0.20 (0.02) μg/L/mg (P < .001); levetiracetam, -0.06 (0.03) μg/L/mg (P = .01); oxcarbazepine, -0.14 (0.04) μg/L/mg (P < .001); oxcarbazepine unbound, -0.11 (0.03) μg/L/mg (P < .001); and zonisamide, -0.53 (0.14) μg/L/mg (P < .001) except for topiramate (-0.35 [0.20] μg/L/mg per week) and carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (0.02 [0.01] μg/L/mg). Study results suggest that therapeutic drug monitoring should begin early in pregnancy and that increasing doses of these anticonvulsants may be needed throughout the course of pregnancy.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Enrollment change, Trial withdrawal: ZONIST: Study of Zonisamide in Early Parkinson Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 14, 2022
P2/3, N=0, Withdrawn,
Study results suggest that therapeutic drug monitoring should begin early in pregnancy and that increasing doses of these anticonvulsants may be needed throughout the course of pregnancy. N=60 --> 0 | Not yet recruiting --> Withdrawn
- |||||||||| Huntexil (pridopidine) / Prilenia, Xadago (safinamide) / Meiji Seika, Eisai, Valeo Pharma, Zambon, Supernus Pharma, mesdopetam (IRL790) / Ipsen
Review, Journal: Non-dopaminergic approaches to the treatment of motor complications in Parkinson's disease. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 8, 2022
We also review compounds with complex pharmacological properties that are already used clinically or about to enter an advanced phase of clinical development (amantadine, safinamide, zonisamide, pridopidine, mesdopetam). We conclude with an outlook on possible directions to address unmet needs and improve the chance of successful translation in this therapeutic area.
- |||||||||| Vimpat (lacosamide) / UCB, Daiichi Sankyo, Aptiom (eslicarbazepine) / Sumitomo Dainippon, BIAL
Retrospective data, Review, Journal, Monotherapy: Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 8, 2022
For people with generalised tonic-clonic seizures (with or without other seizure types), current first-line treatment sodium valproate has the best profile compared to all other treatments, but lamotrigine and eventrate would be the most suitable alternative first-line treatments, particularly for those for whom sodium valproate may not be an appropriate treatment option. Further evidence from randomised controlled trials recruiting individuals with generalised tonic-clonic seizures (with or without other seizure types) is needed.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Incidence of hepatopathies in dogs administered zonisamide orally: A retrospective study of 384 cases. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2022
Acute, potentially life-threatening hepatopathy associated with oral administration of zonisamide to dogs is estimated to occur in less than 1% of dogs and was observed in the first 3 weeks of treatment. Subclinical abnormalities in ALT and ALP activity were noted in <10% of dogs during chronic administration of zonisamide, with no clinical signs of liver disease noted.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Trial completion: BuZonE: Zonisamide/Bupropion Effects on Switching to Electronic Cigarettes (clinicaltrials.gov) - Mar 29, 2022
P3, N=26, Completed,
Subclinical abnormalities in ALT and ALP activity were noted in <10% of dogs during chronic administration of zonisamide, with no clinical signs of liver disease noted. Active, not recruiting --> Completed
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Effects of switching from dopamine agonists to zonisamide on psychiatric and motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2022
As a result, changes in the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 1.2 (Hallucinations and Psychosis) and Part 3 (Motor Examination) scores 12 weeks from baseline were -2.4 ± 0.2 and -5.1 ± 0.9 (least-squares mean ± standard error), respectively, with the score reductions being statistically significant. These results indicated that zonisamide switching therapy is a useful strategy for managing psychiatric and motor symptoms in patients with PD when DAs are reduced or discontinued to avoid the onset or exacerbation of hallucinations and delusions.
- |||||||||| temozolomide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Descriptors for some Compounds with Pharmacological Activity; Calculation of Properties. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 23, 2022
Abraham model solute descriptors have been determined for nisoldipine, nizatidine, loratadine, zonisamide, oxaprozin, rebamipide, domperidone, temozolomide, 'florfenicol', florfenicol A, dapsone, chrysin, benorilate, β-lapachone, and Ipriflavone based on published partition coefficients, molar solubilities and gas chromatographic retention indices. The calculated solute descriptors, combined with our previously published Abraham model correlations, are used to predict several important physicochemical and biological properties, such as air-water, air-blood, air-lung, air-fat, air-skin, water-lipid, water-membrane and water-skin partition coefficients, as well as permeation from water through skin.
- |||||||||| Vimpat (lacosamide) / UCB, Daiichi Sankyo
Observational data, Journal: Lacosamide effectiveness and tolerability in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and severe disability under polytherapy: Therapy optimization as emerging from an observational study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
The calculated solute descriptors, combined with our previously published Abraham model correlations, are used to predict several important physicochemical and biological properties, such as air-water, air-blood, air-lung, air-fat, air-skin, water-lipid, water-membrane and water-skin partition coefficients, as well as permeation from water through skin. Lacosamide add-on allowed dose reduction of previous therapies and reduced the frequency of seizures, showing good tolerability even at high doses, without exceeding reference plasma levels.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., vigabatrin / Generic mfg., levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Variability of the clinical expression of KCNB1 encephalopathy (Pubmed Central) - Mar 11, 2022
KCNB1 encephalopathy has a heterogeneous natural history, mainly with respect to epilepsy, ranging from patients with refractory epilepsy to patients without any epileptic seizures. All had neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder, independent of epilepsy.
- |||||||||| NN1213 / Novo Nordisk
Enrollment open, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: Interdisciplinary Study of A Novel Anticonvulsant in Alcoholism (clinicaltrials.gov) - Mar 8, 2022
P3, N=100, Recruiting,
All had neurodevelopmental disorders, such as intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder, independent of epilepsy. Active, not recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Aug 2021 --> Aug 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2021 --> Feb 2023
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., levetiracetam / Generic mfg., oxcarbazepine / Generic mfg.
A Case of CHD2 Epileptic Encephalopathy (Poster Hall) - Mar 6, 2022 - Abstract #AAN2022AAN_3326;
This case demonstrates an example of genetic testing providing a diagnosis that directly impacted patient care. Improved seizure control was attained when the genetic diagnosis suggested a generalized-onset epilepsy that was exacerbated by a narrow-spectrum anti-seizure medication, despite focal epileptiform discharges on EEG.
- |||||||||| ketamine / Generic mfg.
New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus After Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccination (Poster Hall) - Mar 6, 2022 - Abstract #AAN2022AAN_3093;
To our knowledge, this is the first case of NORSE reported after Pfizer COVID-19 vaccination. While no test exists to definitively establish causality, these findings warrant further investigation of the possible association between COVID-19 vaccination and autoimmune encephalitis.
- |||||||||| pregabalin / Generic mfg., gabapentin / Generic mfg.
Safety Profiles of Second-Generation Antiseizure Medications: A Pharmacovigilance Study (Poster Hall) - Mar 6, 2022 - Abstract #AAN2022AAN_2885;
This comprehensive analysis of postmarketing data from the FDA Adverse Event Database shows differences in safety profiles between new generation ASMs. Rigorous post-market surveillance and further research is required to better understand the long-term safety of these drugs to make informed clinical decisions.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., vigabatrin / Generic mfg., topiramate / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Review: Hormonal Therapy for Infantile Spasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 1, 2022
All RCTs were connected through network meta-analysis, and we found that ketogenic diet (KD), zonisamide, methylprednisolone, or combined treatment of hormonal therapy with topiramate (TPM) or pyridoxine was not different in electro-clinical response compared to usual-dose ACTH...However, due to the high heterogeneity of included patients and treatment protocols, these results must be interpreted with caution. RCTs with multicentric involvement and larger sample size are needed for solid evaluation of other alternative treatments.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Zonisamide Ameliorates Microglial Mitochondriopathy in Parkinson's Disease Models. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 26, 2022
Zonisamide overcame the inhibitory effects of LPS on mitochondrial OCR. Our present data provide novel evidence on the ameliorative effect of zonisamide against microglial mitochondrial dysfunction and support its clinical use as an antiparkinsonian drug.
- |||||||||| gabapentin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Review, Journal: Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children exposed to newer antiseizure medications: A systematic review. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 25, 2022
Exposure to certain newer ASMs, such as lamotrigine and levetiracetam, does not thus far appear to impact certain aspects of neurodevelopment, but further delineation across the different neurodevelopmental domains and dosage levels is required. A lack of data cannot be inferred to represent safety of newer ASMs, which are yet to be investigated.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Epileptic Seizures in Alzheimer's Disease: What Are the Implications of SANAD II? (Pubmed Central) - Feb 9, 2022
However, the evidence based on which to make treatment decisions for such patients is slim, there being no clear recommendation based on systematic review of the few existing studies of anti-seizure drugs in AD patients. Here the authors examine the potential implications for the treatment of seizures in AD of the results of the recently published SANAD II pragmatic study, which examined the effectiveness of levetiracetam, zonisamide, or lamotrigine in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy, and of valproate and levetiracetam in generalized and unclassifiable epilepsy.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Symptomatic renal papillary varicosities and medullary nephrocalcinosis. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 9, 2022
Unilateral hematuria from discrete vascular lesions of the renal collecting system may be obscured by other benign co-existing conditions, such as nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis. Although a simultaneous presentation is rare, flexible ureteroscopy with laser fulguration offers an ideal diagnostic and therapeutic modality for these concurrent conditions if symptoms arise.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., acetazolamide / Generic mfg., topiramate / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Anticonvulsant Effects of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: The Enigmatic Link Between Carbonic Anhydrases and Electrical Activity of the Brain. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 5, 2022
Acetazolamide (ACZ), a sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor, was first introduced into medical use as a diuretic in the1950s...In addition, topiramate (TPM) and zonisamide (ZNS), which were developed as antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in the1990s, were found to have the ability to inhibit CAs...The present study will review the involvement of CAs in the formation of epileptogenesis, and likely mechanisms by which CA inhibitors suppress the electrical activity of the brain. The common properties of CA inhibitors provide some clues for a possible link among metabolism, CAs, Ca and GABA signaling.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., metformin / Generic mfg., topiramate / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions on metabolic disturbance induced by atypical antipsychotics in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 3, 2022
With respect to tolerability, only topiramate (OR 24, 95% CI 3.15 to 648) was inferior to placebo. Considering both efficacy and tolerability, evidence from this NMA indicates zonisamide, metformin, GLP-1RAs, and nizatidine in adults should be the first-line treatment for alleviating AAPs-induced weight gain or elevated BMI.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Reciprocal control of obesity and anxiety-depressive disorder via a GABA and serotonin neural circuit. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 27, 2022
To gain further translational insights, we revealed that combined treatment of zonisamide (enhancing the GABAR-α5 signaling) and granisetron (a selective 5-HTR antagonist) alleviates mental dysfunction and yields a robust reversal of diet-induced obesity by reducing total calorie intake and altering food preference towards a healthy low-fat diet. Our results unveil a neural mechanism for reciprocal control of appetite and mental states, which culminates in a novel zonisamide-granisetron cocktail therapy for potential tackling the psychosis-obesity comorbidity.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Management of corticosteroid-dependent eosinophilic interstitial nephritis: A case report. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 27, 2022
The presence of underdetermined autoimmune processes and difficulties in discontinuing the putative offending drug discontinuation are contributing factors to corticosteroid dependency in patients with eosinophilic interstitial nephritis. MMF may be beneficial in the management of corticosteroid-dependent eosinophilic interstitial nephritis by reducing the adverse effects related to high-dose and long-term corticosteroid use.
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg.
Enrollment open: The Zonisamide and Reinforcement for Reducing Alcohol Use (ZARRA) Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - Jan 27, 2022
P2, N=205, Recruiting,
MMF may be beneficial in the management of corticosteroid-dependent eosinophilic interstitial nephritis by reducing the adverse effects related to high-dose and long-term corticosteroid use. Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
- |||||||||| zonisamide / Generic mfg., topiramate / Generic mfg.
Journal: The characteristics and optimal treatment of urolithiasis associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 21, 2022
Patients with TSC who have an increased urine specific gravity, alkaline urine, and a longer administration of topiramate and zonisamide tend to demonstrate an increased risk of developing urolithiasis and therefore such cases require adequate care. If urolithiasis is comorbid with TSC-associated AML, the treatment options are more limited in cases with multiple AMLs around the stone due to an increased risk of hemorrhage.
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