levetiracetam / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Utility of monitoring the serum levetiracetam concentration for intraoperative seizure control during awake craniotomy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2021   
    Levetiracetam was superior to phenytoin in terms of the correlation between the serum concentration and the dose adjusted for BSA and eGFR (correlation coefficient, 0.49 vs 0.21). Furthermore, the serum levetiracetam concentration in patients with intraoperative seizures was below the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the regression line whereas the serum phenytoin concentration of two patients with seizures was within the 95% CI, indicating that evaluating the serum levetiracetam concentration against the BSA and eGFR-adjusted dosage may be useful in preventing intraoperative seizures during awake craniotomy by allowing prediction of the seizure risk and enabling more accurate dosage calibration.
  • ||||||||||  phenytoin / Generic mfg., levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Detrimental effect of antiepileptic drugs dose in pediatric children with epilepsy in Saudi Arabia: A prospective cohort study. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2021   
    Seventeen patients followed in the BNF guideline who were on levetiracetam were experienced less adverse effect (n = 2) with no behavioral changes.The group who followed the regular practice found having a greater incidence of documented adverse effects compared to the patients following the BNF guideline. The titrating antiepileptic medication has a detrimental effect on the pediatric population as observed in this study.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Movement disorders after hypoxic brain injury following cardiac arrest in adults. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 8, 2021   
    Posthypoxic movement disorders associated with pronounced basal ganglia dysfunction might be efficiently controlled by levomepromazine or intrathecal baclofen. Their occurrence might be an indicator for a more unfavorable, but often not devastating neurological outcome.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  A UPLC-MS/MS method for Simultaneous Determination of Nine Antiepileptic drugs in Human Plasma and Its Application in TDM. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 7, 2021   
    Meanwhile, the TDM results showed that the plasma drug concentration of many patients was not within the effective therapeutic range, especially those taking topiramate, oxcarbazepine and levetiracetam, which was of great guiding significance to rational drug use and timely adjustment of the treatment plan. Therefore, individualized therapy based on advanced analytical methods and TDM theory is of great practical significance.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Reflex Epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 6, 2021   
    Treatment includes antiseizure medication, commonly valproate or levetiracetam, along with lifestyle modifications, and when amenable, surgical intervention. High clinical suspicion and careful history taking must be employed in all epilepsy patients to identify reflex triggers.
  • ||||||||||  Briviact (brivaracetam) / UCB
    Clinical, Journal:  Is brivaracetam-induced elevation of carbamazepine-epoxide levels common and clinically relevant? - A case series. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 2, 2021   
    In the remaining case, oxcarbazepine was replaced by CBZ and added to a stable BRV dose...However, in the remaining six, the elevated CBZ-E levels were not associated with any tolerability problems. The importance of CBZ-E for adverse events under CBZ may have been overemphasized in the past and is not clinically impairing in most cases treated with the combination of BRV and CBZ.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  A multi-disciplinary clinic for SCN8A-related epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 2, 2021   
    This is the first report of a large series of patients with epilepsy due to SCN8A variants evaluated in a single multi-disciplinary clinic. By utilizing a more comprehensive and consistent evaluation, we clarify specific seizure and epilepsy types, describe a distinct epilepsy phenotype in a patient with a nonsense variant, delineate patterns of developmental delay, language, and swallow function (specifically anomic aphasia and flaccid dysarthria), identify and characterize movement disorders, report common findings on physical exam, and demonstrate clinical worsening with levetiracetam.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Review, Journal:  High-Dose Levetiracetam for Neonatal Seizures: A Retrospective Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 2, 2021   
    In neonates not responding to the standard used levetiracetam doses, incremental increases to 80-100 mg/kg/day may be considered. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the promising role of such high dosing regimens, and to better elucidate the role of levetiracetam in neonatal seizures.
  • ||||||||||  sodium valproate / Generic mfg., levetiracetam / Generic mfg., oxcarbazepine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal, Real-world evidence:  Outcome analysis of children with rolandic discharges on EEG: A real-world study. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 2, 2021   
    Those with multiple seizures can be treated with OXC, LEV, and VPA. OXC serves as the initial antiepileptic drug with a lower failure rate and significant efficacy.
  • ||||||||||  gabapentin / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  Which treatment strategy in patients with epilepsy with focal seizures uncontrolled by the first anti-seizure medication? (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 2, 2021   
    Carbamazepine (CBZ) has negative pharmacokinetic interactions with several ASMs and should not be combined with other SCBs; it could be effectively and safely combined with gabapentin (GBP) and LEV. Valproic acid has enzyme inhibiting properties and can be cautiously used with SCBs; its combination with TPM or zonisamide (ZNS) may be associated with higher toxicity.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Predictors of successful valproate withdrawal in women with epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 1, 2021   
    Although women with focal epilepsies are more ASM-resistant and more likely to have continuing seizures, they do not usually deteriorate after VPA discontinuation, therefore posing them to teratogenic risk is often unnecessary. In GGE, certain predictors such as previous ASM-resistance and the presence of three seizure types must be taken into account, before a withdrawal attempt of VPA treatment.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam as adjunctive therapy for refractory focal epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 1, 2021   
    These significant findings indicate that levetiracetam is likely to become a widely prescribed ASM for epilepsy in pediatric clinical practice because of its long-term safety, efficacy, and tolerability. Corroborating the results in the literature, levetiracetam was shown to be effective and safe for children and adults with refractory focal-onset epilepsy.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Do women with epilepsy benefit from epilepsy specific pre-conception care? (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 30, 2021   
    Corroborating the results in the literature, levetiracetam was shown to be effective and safe for children and adults with refractory focal-onset epilepsy. PCC reduced the risk of seizures during pregnancy and improved the periconceptional use of folate but did not influence the fetal malformation risk.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg., fosphenytoin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Evaluation of the Neonate with Seizures. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 30, 2021   
    [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(7):e292-e298.].
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Epilepsy in the aged : Challenges in diagnostics and treatment (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 30, 2021   
    Antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment of aged patients is complicated by comorbidities and polypharmacy and AEDs with a low interaction profile and high tolerability should be selected. Levetiracetam and lamotrigine are the AEDs of choice due to low interactions and good tolerability.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Retrospective data, Journal, Monotherapy:  Effects of antiseizure monotherapy on visuospatial memory in pediatric age. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 30, 2021   
    Children with epilepsy may exhibit visuospatial memory impairment compared to their peer, that may be correlated to some features of the epilepsy itself and to the impairment of executive functions. Different antiseizure medications can affect visuospatial memory differently, so it is important monitoring this aspect in pediatric patients.
  • ||||||||||  Briviact (brivaracetam) / UCB
    Clinical, Journal:  An uncommon case of nonconvulsive status epilepticus successfully treated with enteral Brivaracetam. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 30, 2021   
    The administration of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) such as BRV may result in significant clinical improvement in refractory cases of status epilepticus. The enteral administration of AEDs via NGT should always be considered for refractory cases of status epilepticus when standard iv treatment has failed or is not possible.
  • ||||||||||  Vimpat (lacosamide) / UCB, Daiichi Sankyo
    Clinical, Journal:  Efficacy and safety of lacosamide in the treatment of status epilepticus in a patient with comorbidities. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 30, 2021   
    EEG then showed focal slow waves mixed to interictal epileptiform discharges over the left fronto-temporal regions. The patient was then discharged home with an oral lacosamide treatment and at 3 months she was seizure-free. Our case report confirms the efficacy of lacosamide in status epilepticus, highlighting its safety and tolerability in an elderly and fragile patient with multiple comorbidities and drug therapy.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Go-induced epilepsy treatment with levetiracetam successfully prevented seizures (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 26, 2021   
    He was administered levetiracetam 500 mg before the games, and he participated without seizures for more than a year. Go-induced epilepsy is considered to have a focal onset, and it may be controlled with antiepileptic drugs before the games.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Images: Facial cataplexy with demonstration of persistent eye movements. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 24, 2021   
    A patient was transferred for management of "medication-refractory seizures" after failure of levetiracetam and valproate dual therapy...The diagnosis of cataplexy is often missed, due to clinicians being unfamiliar with the findings and the lack of ability to induce sufficient emotional responses to trigger an episode. This example of cataplexy is also quite characteristic of the "cataplectic facies." The ability to observe the infrequently observed phenomenon of cataplexy serves as a reminder that consciousness is preserved, as are extra-ocular muscle movements.
  • ||||||||||  hyoscine butylbromide oral / Generic mfg., baclofen / Generic mfg., levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Out of sight: a lesson in drug errors. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 24, 2021   
    Subsequent careful inspection of his medication box identified that his community pharmacy had in error been dispensing baclofen 80 mg per day instead of his prescribed Buscopan 80 mg per day. This case highlights the importance of physically inspecting a patient's medications and emphasises the spectrum of baclofen-related toxicity; it also highlights potential deficiencies in the pharmacy dispensary process and the need for multiple checks by patients and professionals.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Stevens-Johnson syndrome triggered by Levetiracetam-Caution for use with Carbamazepine. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 24, 2021   
    This case highlights the importance of physically inspecting a patient's medications and emphasises the spectrum of baclofen-related toxicity; it also highlights potential deficiencies in the pharmacy dispensary process and the need for multiple checks by patients and professionals. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Levetiracetam at the End of Life: A Case Report and Discussion. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    We report a case of neuropsychiatric symptoms in progressive glioblastoma multiforme while on stable levetiracetam doses, which improved with reduction and cessation of the drug. We review the existing literature on seizures in primary brain tumors, their antiepileptic drug management, and the risk of consequent neuropsychiatric adverse events.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Tics induced by antiepileptic drugs: a pragmatic review. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Multiple AEDs with different modes of action can induce tic disorders, including newer AEDs. The cause is therefore unlikely to be an alteration to a single neurotransmitter, but rather an imbalance of networks, influenced further by individual factors.