levetiracetam / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Beneficial effects of levetiracetam in streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 8, 2022   
    In addition, LEV suppressed STZ-induced hippocampal neuronal loss, while restored alterations in the redox status (lipid peroxides and glutathione), AChE activity, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and hyperphosphorylation of tau linked to STZ administration. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that LEV alleviated hippocampal cell death and memory deficits in STZ-AD rats, through mitigating oxidative damage, suppression of proinflammatory cytokines expression, and inhibition of abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children exposed prenatally to levetiracetam. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 8, 2022   
    However, this evidence cannot be determined definitively due to the limited numbers of children exposed to levetiracetam with relatively short duration of follow-up. Therefore, further research is required.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg., lisinopril / Generic mfg., metoprolol succinate / Generic mfg.
    Cannabis-Induced Atypical Stress Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report (Great Hall Foyer, Third Floor) -  Apr 8, 2022 - Abstract #ASAM2022ASAM_240;    
    Conclusion More research is warranted to firmly establish the link between cannabis use and the development of SC. It is vital for clinicians to be cognizant of the effects of cannabis on the cardiovascular system.
  • ||||||||||  fosphenytoin / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  A Critical Review of Fosphenytoin Sodium Injection for the Treatment of Status Epilepticus in Adults and Children. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 7, 2022   
    The water-soluble nature of its prodrug, fosphenytoin, allows for rapid infusion, and it is rapidly converted to phenytoin when administered intravenously or intramuscularly. In the ESETT, IV fosphenytoin demonstrated similar efficacy in treatment of established SE when compared to IV levetiracetam and IV valproate in adults and children, making it a reasonable choice in the treatment of SE that is unresponsive to benzodiazepines.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Clinical Considerations for Rapid Administration of Undiluted or Minimally Diluted Levetiracetam Bolus Doses. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 7, 2022   
    Injection site pain and agitation were the most commonly reported adverse drug effects. Though hospitals and clinicians must be judicious with regard to training and the safety concerns of bolus intravenous push doses, and will need to address numerous logistical concerns, this practice is supported in practice guidelines and should be readily employed.
  • ||||||||||  lorazepam / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Pre-hospital and emergency department treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in adults: an evidence synthesis. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 7, 2022   
    Both intravenous lorazepam and intravenous diazepam administered by paramedics are more effective than a placebo in the treatments of adults with convulsive status epilepticus, and intramuscular midazolam is non-inferior to intravenous lorazepam. Large well-designed clinical trials are needed to establish which benzodiazepines are more effective and preferable in the pre-hospital setting.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Achieving neurologically desirable outcomes to pregnancy in women with epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 6, 2022   
    In pregnancies where valproate use has already been minimized, seizure control throughout the pre-pregnancy year was associated with the best chance of a desirable outcome, as defined above. In most Australian women starting therapy for epilepsy initiating treatment with levetiracetam monotherapy may offer the best chance of such a desirable outcome to a future pregnancy, yet to be confirmed.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Evaluation of family planning methods in married women with epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 6, 2022   
    Because of high consumption of valproate in women of childbearing age in our study and concerning issue about its fetal malformation, it is recommended to reduce the administration of valproate in this population. Moreover, regarding the low consumption of folic acid, especially for women of childbearing age and pregnant WWE who are taking AED, the necessary recommendations should be made by our physicians.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Efficacy and safety of switching from brand-name to domestic generic levetiracetam in children with epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 6, 2022   
    Multi-center OHDSI studies have the potential to better characterize the full extent of variability and support observational comparative effectiveness research, but additional work is needed to validate covariates and outcomes. Switching from brand-name to generic levetiracetam is safe and effective and holds promise for clinical application, but more prospective randomized controlled trials are required in future.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, PK/PD data, Review, Journal:  Population Pharmacokinetics of Levetiracetam: a Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 5, 2022   
    For future research, a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model using a larger sample size should be conducted. From a clinical perspective, the published models should be externally evaluated before clinical implementation.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Elevated amyloid beta disrupts the nanoscale organization and function of synaptic vesicle pools in hippocampal neurons. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 5, 2022   
    Treatment with levetiracetam, an antiepileptic that dampens synaptic hyperactivity, partially rescues these transmission defects. Our findings implicate organizational and dynamic features of functional vesicle pools as targets in Aβ-driven synaptic impairment, suggesting that interventions to relieve the overloading of vesicle retrieval pathways might have promising therapeutic value.
  • ||||||||||  Vimpat (lacosamide) / UCB, Daiichi Sankyo
    Journal:  Prescription preferences of antiepileptic drugs in brain tumor patients: An international survey among EANO members. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 5, 2022   
    Other relevant findings were that a minority of respondents ever prescribe AEDs in brain tumor patients without epilepsy solely as prophylaxis (29% [53/181]), but a majority routinely considers complete AED withdrawal in BTRE patients who are seizure-free after antitumor treatment (79% [141/179]). Our results show that among European professionals treating patients with BTRE levetiracetam is considered the first choice AED, with the presumed highest efficacy and least adverse effects.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  Pharmacological Medical Treatment of Epilepsy in Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 2, 2022   
    High-quality evidence in the form of randomized controlled trials to guide clinicians in choosing an AED in patients with dementia and concomitant epilepsy remains scarce. However, levetiracetam has previously been shown to possibly improve cognition in patients with both mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease, is better tolerated in the elderly population, and has no clinically relevant interaction with either cholinesterase inhibitors or NMDA receptor antagon- ists.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam low dose (AGB101) / AgeneBio
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Effects of Low-dose Levetiracetam on Clinical Symptoms, Cognition and Hippocampal Hyperactivity in Schizophrenia (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    P=N/A,  N=30, Recruiting, 
    More randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ASMs with larger populations are required to ascertain the optimum antiepileptic drug treatment to guide clinicians. Trial completion date: Dec 2022 --> Dec 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2022 --> Dec 2023
  • ||||||||||  dizocilpine (MK801) / Merck (MSD)
    Review, Journal:  Aquaporin 4 in Traumatic Brain Injury: From Molecular Pathways to Therapeutic Target. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    In addition, inhibition of AQP4 with FK-506, MK-801 (indirectly by targeting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor), inactivation of adenosine A2A receptor, levetiracetam, adjudin, progesterone, estrogen, V1aR inhibitor, hypertonic saline, erythropoietin, poloxamer 188, brilliant blue G, HIF-1alpha inhibitor, normobaric oxygen therapy, astaxanthin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, sesamin, thaliporphine, magnesium, prebiotic fiber, resveratrol and omega-3, as well as AQP4 gene silencing lead to reduced edema upon TBI. This review summarizes current knowledge and evidence on the relationship between AQP4 and TBI, and the potential mechanisms involved.
  • ||||||||||  clonazepam / Generic mfg., levetiracetam / Generic mfg., topiramate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Effectiveness of multiple-dose activated charcoal in lamotrigine poisoning: a case series. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    A 21-year-old woman ingested 15.6 g lamotrigine, 14 g levetiracetam, and 15 mg clonazepam...A 46-year-old woman ingested 0.3 g lamotrigine and 0.1 g topiramate twice, 2 h apart...In our two cases, multiple-dose activated charcoal may have shortened the elimination half-life of lamotrigine, possibly by inhibiting enterohepatic circulation. Multiple-dose activated charcoal should be considered an option for treating lamotrigine poisoning.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  Effects of anti-seizure medications on sleep architecture and daytime sleepiness in patients with epilepsy: A literature review. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    Eslicarbazepine acetate, lacosamide, and perampanel improved or had no effect on sleep...Clonazepam, felbamate, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, and phenobarbital worsened or had no effect on sleep...Overall, cannabidiol, carbamazepine, and levetiracetam had no effect on sleep...Nonetheless, other ASMs may worsen sleep in some settings. Clinicians should consider such observations when making treatment decisions, particularly for patients with comorbid sleep disorders.
  • ||||||||||  Ospolot (sultiam) / AOP Orphan Pharma, Diacomit (stiripentol) / Biocodex, Meiji Seika
    Journal:  Changes in the use of antiseizure medications in children and adolescents in Norway, 2009-2018. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    Changes in the use of ASMs in children/adolescents differ as compared to adults, most notably extensive and increasing use of selected ASMs and limited non-epilepsy. This is an important part of pharmacovigilance and patient safety evaluations.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal, Adverse events:  Republished: Unusual side effects of levetiracetam. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    A prospective evaluation of ASM efficacy and safety in this high-risk population is urgently needed. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Effects of antiseizure medications on placental cells: Focus on heterodimeric placental carriers. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 30, 2022   
    The placental effects are differential, with valproate, carbamazepine and levetiracetam as the more active compounds. The concentration-dependence of those ASM effects are in line with established dose-dependent teratogenicity implying that ASM doses should be adjusted during pregnancy with caution.
  • ||||||||||  Briviact (brivaracetam) / UCB
    Clinical, Journal:  Efficacy of Brivaracetam in children with epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 30, 2022   
    Overall, long-term adjunctive BRV was generally well tolerated and reduced the frequency of FBTCS in adults, with 22.8% of patients (who completed ≥ 1 year of treatment) not reporting any FBTCS during the first year from the first day of BRV treatment. BRV appears to be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated AED in children with refractory epilepsy.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Current Concepts in the Management of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsies. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 29, 2022   
    However, with the availability of many newer ASMs and evidence showing the high teratogenic potential of valproate, the choice of ASMs for IGEs has become increasingly difficult, especially in women of the child-bearing age group. In this article, we review the current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of various ASMs in patients with IGEs and provide practical guidelines for choosing appropriate ASMs in various subgroups of patients with IGEs.
  • ||||||||||  levetiracetam / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion, Trial completion date, Adverse events:  EPYLEB: Effect of Pyridoxine on Behavioral Adverse Events of Levetiracetam (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Mar 28, 2022   
    P4,  N=30, Completed, 
    In this article, we review the current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of various ASMs in patients with IGEs and provide practical guidelines for choosing appropriate ASMs in various subgroups of patients with IGEs. Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jan 2022 --> Sep 2021