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- | isoflurane / Generic mfg.
Journal: Isoflurane Postconditioning Alleviates Ischemic Neuronal Injury via MiR-384-5p Regulated Autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 11, 2023
Immunofluorescence staining and western blot results confirmed that isoflurane post-conditioning inhibited autophagy in MCAO rats. Based on the above results, we speculated that the molecular mechanism of isoflurane post-conditioning to alleviate ischemic neuronal injury may be related to the regulation of miR-384-5p/ATG5-mediated autophagy.
- | dorsomorphin (Compound C) / EMD Serono
Journal, PARP Biomarker: PRKAA1 induces aberrant mitophagy in a PINK1/Parkin-dependent manner, contributing to fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 10, 2023
Remarkably, the application of both 3-methyladenosine (3-MA; autophagy inhibitor) and dorsomorphin (DM; AMPK inhibitor) suppressed NaF-induced neuronal apoptosis by restoring aberrant mitophagy...Collectively, our findings indicated that NaF causes aberrant mitophagy via PRKAA1 in a PINK1/Parkin-dependent manner, which triggers neuronal apoptosis. Thus, regulating PRKAA1-activated PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy may be a potential treatment for NaF-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
- Insulin Prevents Palmitate-Induced Stress Kinase Activation, Autophagy, and Apoptosis in Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells (Room 28; [Board No. 38]) - Apr 10, 2023 - Abstract #ADA2023ADA_150;
In conclusion, insulin prevents palmitate-induced apoptosis by inhibition of JNK signaling and autophagy in human CPC. Hence, preserving insulin signaling in human CPC might protect from lipotoxicity-induced metabolic alterations in the heart.
- | Journal: Impaired autophagic-lysosomal fusion in Parkinson's patient midbrain neurons occurs through loss of ykt6 and is rescued by farnesyltransferase inhibition. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2023
Our study indicates that a cellular clearance pathway termed autophagy is impaired in patient-derived culture models of PD and in vivo We identified a novel druggable target, a SNARE protein called ykt6, that rescues autophagy in vitro and in vivo upon blocking its farnesylation. Our work suggests that farnesyltransferase inhibitors may be useful therapies for PD and DLB through enhancing autophagic-lysosomal clearance of aggregated proteins.
- | Journal: Caspase-8 is required for HSV-1-induced apoptosis and promotes effective viral particle release via autophagy inhibition. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 5, 2023
Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy by wortmannin restored the ability of caspase-8-/- cells to release viral particles in similar amounts as in wt cells. Altogether our results support a non-canonical role of caspase-8 in both HSV-1-induced apoptosis and viral particle release through autophagic regulation.
- || temuterkib (LY3214996) / Eli Lilly
Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date, Combination therapy, Metastases: LY3214996 +/- HCQ in Pancreatic Cancer (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 5, 2023
P2, N=52, Recruiting, Sponsor: Kimberly Perez, MD
Altogether our results support a non-canonical role of caspase-8 in both HSV-1-induced apoptosis and viral particle release through autophagic regulation. Trial completion date: Sep 2023 --> Dec 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2023 --> Nov 2023
- | Journal, IO biomarker: Induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway protects deoxynivalenol exposure grass carp hepatocytes damage. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 4, 2023
Additionally, co-treatment with the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK had no influence on autophagy. The combined findings showed that induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway protects DON-induced L8824?cells from damage.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Spautin-1 administration mitigates mild TBI-induced cognitive and memory dysfunction in mice via activation of caspase-3. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 4, 2023
The combined findings showed that induction of autophagy via the ROS-dependent AMPK-mTOR pathway protects DON-induced L8824?cells from damage. Spautin-1 administration mitigates mild TBI-induced cognitive and memory dysfunction in mice, potentially through activation of caspase-3.
- | Journal: Evaluation of autophagy inhibition to combat cancer: (vanadium complex)-protein interactions, parameterization, and validation of a new force field. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 4, 2023
Finally, we performed docking and MD (120 ns) simulations with explicit solvent between VC and PI3K. Overall, our findings encourage new parameterizations of metal complexes with significant biological applications, as well as allow to contribute to the elucidation of the complex process of autophagy.
- || Review, Journal: Autophagy orchestrates resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 3, 2023
In this review, we further highlight how autophagy leads to poor response during treatment through a complex molecular network and how it enhances resistance in primary liver cancer. We propose that combinational regimens of approved HCC therapeutic protocols plus autophagy inhibitors may overcome drug resistance in HCC therapy.
- | PX-478 / Seagen
Journal: Autophagy inhibition and ferroptosis activation during atherosclerosis: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1? inhibitor PX-478 alleviates atherosclerosis by inducing autophagy and suppressing ferroptosis in macrophages. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 3, 2023
HIF-1? inhibitor PX-478 attenuates foam cell formation and lessens atherosclerosis by enhancing autophagy and depressing ferroptosis in macrophages.
- | Journal: Inhibition of autophagy in macrophage promotes IL-1?-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma progression via inflammasome accumulation and self-recruitment. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 3, 2023
Interruption of this metastasis-promoting loop by IL-1? blockade may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
- || paclitaxel / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Autophagy in cancer resistance to paclitaxel: Development of combination strategies. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 3, 2023
A modern strategy in anticancer research is also to encapsulate chemotherapeutics into nanoparticle carriers or develop their novel derivatives with improved anticancer properties. Hence, in this review article, we summarize not only the current knowledge of paclitaxel-induced autophagy and its role in cancer resistance but mainly the possible drug combinations based on paclitaxel and their administration in nanoparticle-based formulations as well as paclitaxel analogs with autophagy-modulating properties.
- Harnessing cell energy metabolism to suppress salivary gland inflammation in Sj?gren Syndrome (Poster View) - Apr 2, 2023 - Abstract #EULAR2023EULAR_2091;
A metabolic driven pro-inflammatory status of SS SGECs seems confirmed by increased basal expression of IL-6. Validation of our metabolomic results, along with transcriptomic and epigenetic studies, is currently ongoing in SGECs from SS and sicca to dissect the link between changes in cell energy metabolism and their acquired pro-inflammatory phenotype.
- INTERMITTENT FASTING REDUCES CRYSTAL-INDUCED INFLAMMATION (Poster View) - Apr 2, 2023 - Abstract #EULAR2023EULAR_1662;
Conclusion Intermittent fasting alleviates crystal-induced inflammation by altering many metabolic pathways, particularly those associated with glutamine and glutamate. Further studies are needed to determine how IF modulates metabolism to dampen crystal-induced inflammation.
- | Journal: Inhibition of TRADD ameliorates chondrocyte necroptosis and osteoarthritis by blocking RIPK1-TAK1 pathway and restoring autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2023
This study demonstrates that TRADD mediates TNF-?-induced necroptosis and OA-like phenotypes of chondrocytes and suggests that ICCB-19 suppresses chondrocyte damage and cartilage degeneration by inhibiting TNF-?-TRADD-mediated signals and dysregulation of autophagy in chondrocytes. ICCB-19 may serve as an important option for OA therapy.
- || Review, Journal: Advances in anti-EV71 drug development research. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2023
Meanwhile, the progress of host-targeting antiviral drugs and their development are summarized in terms of regulating host immunity, inhibiting autophagy or apoptosis, and regulating the cellular redox environment. In addition, the current clinical methods for the prevention and treatment of HFMD are summarized and discussed with the aim of providing support and recommendations for the treatment of enterovirus infections including EV71.
- | Journal: CISD2 Promotes Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Autophagy in a Wnt/?-Catenin-Signaling-Dependent Pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2023
Knockdown of CISD2 inhibited the tumor growth in nude mice. CISD2 promoted colorectal cancer development by inhibiting CRC cell apoptosis and autophagy depending on activating Wnt/?-Catenin-signaling pathway.
- | Journal: Robo2 promotes osteoblast differentiation and mineralization through autophagy and is activated by parathyroid hormone induction. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2023
CISD2 promoted colorectal cancer development by inhibiting CRC cell apoptosis and autophagy depending on activating Wnt/?-Catenin-signaling pathway. Collectively, Robo2, which was activated by PTH1-34, promoted osteoblast differentiation and mineralization through autophagy.
- | Journal: PSMD2 contributes to the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by repressing autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2023
Collectively, Robo2, which was activated by PTH1-34, promoted osteoblast differentiation and mineralization through autophagy. PSMD2 plays an important role in repressing autophagy in ESCC, and represents a promising biomarker to predict prognosis and a therapeutic target of ESCC patients.
- | Journal: Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein Rv0309 on intracellular survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis by inhibiting macrophage autophagy via protein STUB1 (Pubmed Central) - Mar 30, 2023
MTB protein Rv0309 can be successfully expressed in M. smegmatis and secreted extracellularly, which can inhibit the autophagy process of macrophages. Protein Rv0309 interacts with host protein STUB1 to inhibit macrophage autophagy and promote intracellular survival of Ms.
- | Journal: Bufalin induces apoptosis and autophagy via the Ca2+/CaMKK?/AMPK/Beclin1 signaling pathway in osteosarcoma cells. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 30, 2023
In addition, it was found that Bufalin activated the Ca /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ?/AMPK/Beclin1 pathway, which resulted in induction of autophagy. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of the means by which Bufalin mediates autophagy and apoptosis in OS cells.
- | Journal: PDZK1-Interacting Protein 1(PDZKIP1) Inhibits Goat Subcutaneous Preadipocyte Differentiation through Promoting Autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2023
In conclusion, PDZK1IP1 acts as a regulator of adipogenesis, and inhibits goat subcutaneous preadipocyte differentiation through promoting autophagy. Our results will contribute to further understanding the role and mechanism of PDZK1IP1 in controlling adipogenesis.
- | miransertib (MK-7075) / Merck (MSD)
Journal: Low concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha promote human periodontal ligament stem cells osteogenic differentiation by activation of autophagy via inhibition of AKT/mTOR pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2023
Low concentrations of TNF-? promote hPDLSCs osteogenic differentiation by activation of autophagy via inhibition of AKT/mTOR signaling.
- | ABT-737 / AbbVie
Journal, IO biomarker: DUSP4 inhibits autophagic cell death and apoptosis in colorectal cancer by regulating BCL2-Beclin1/Bax signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2023
promote hPDLSCs osteogenic differentiation by activation of autophagy via inhibition of AKT/mTOR signaling. It was indicated that DUSP4 can maintain the survival and function of CRC cells by inhibiting BCL2 phosphorylation-dependent autophagic cell death and apoptosis.
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Journal: Glyphosate-induced autophagy inhibition results in hepatic steatosis via mediating epigenetic reprogramming of PPAR? in roosters. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2023
Moreover, data substantiated that Gly-mediated autophagy inhibition caused nuclear increase of HDAC3, which altered epigenetic modification of PPAR?, leading to fatty acid oxidation (FAO) inhibition and subsequently lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes. In summary, this study provides novel evidence that Gly-induced autophagy inhibition evokes the inactivation of PPAR?-mediated FAO and concomitant hepatic steatosis in roosters by mediating epigenetic reprogramming of PPAR?.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Interleukin-22 alleviates alcohol-associated hepatic fibrosis, inhibits autophagy, and suppresses the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2023
IL-22 exerts a marked protective effect against alcohol-associated hepatic fibrosis. Its effect may be partly related to the alteration of autophagy-related gene expression and inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the liver.
- | Journal, IO biomarker: Daurisoline attenuates HO-induced chondrocyte autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2023
Our research demonstrated that DAS alleviated chondrocyte autophagy caused by HO through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and protected chondrocytes from apoptosis and matrix degradation. In conclusion, these findings suggest that DAS may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for OA.
- | Preclinical, Journal: Electroacupuncture Alleviates Functional Constipation in Mice by Activating Enteric Glial Cell Autophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2023
In conclusion, these findings suggest that DAS may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for OA. EA treatment can inhibit PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in the colonic tissues of FC mice, thereby promoting EGCs autophagy to improve intestinal motility.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Chloroquine reduces neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation through inhibition of peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4). (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2023
This data provides evidence of direct PAD4 inhibition as a mechanism for CQ/HCQ inhibition of NETs. We propose that these drugs likely reduce NET formation through multiple mechanisms; the previously established TLR9 and autophagy inhibitory mechanism and the novel PAD4 inhibitory mechanism.
- | perifosine (D21266) / AEterna Zentaris, deoxyglucose / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Deficiency of lipopolysaccharide binding protein facilitates adipose browning, glucose uptake and oxygen consumption in mouse embryonic fibroblasts via activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and inhibiting autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 27, 2023
Meanwhile, the knockdown of Atg5 strengthened the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway induced by the depletion of LBP, while Perifosine partly reversed the activation of differentiated MEFs. The knockdown of LBP facilitated adipose browning, glucose uptake, and oxygen consumption in MEFs via the activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and the inhibition of autophagy.
- || Review, Journal, IO biomarker: Rational targeting of autophagy in colorectal cancer therapy: From molecular interactions to pharmacological compounds. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 26, 2023
Interestingly, nanoparticles can be employed for targeting autophagy in cancer therapy and they can both induce/suppress autophagy in tumor cells. Furthermore, autophagy modulators can be embedded in nanostructures in improving tumor suppression and providing cancer immunotherapy.
- | Journal: Autophagy and exosomes coordinately mediate quercetin's protective effects on alcoholic liver disease. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 26, 2023
Baf A treatment or transfection of siTFEB offset quercetin's effects in ethanol-induced LDH and ALT elevation, exosomes release, and autophagy inhibition (LC3II/I and p62 accumulation). Taken together, quercetin coordinately activates autophagy and combats exosomes release by restoring lysosome function, and further mitigates ethanol-induced liver damage.
- | Journal, PARP Biomarker: Arsenite-induced cytotoxicity is regulated by poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 activation and parthanatos in p53-deficient H1299 cells: The roles of autophagy and p53. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
Taken together, quercetin coordinately activates autophagy and combats exosomes release by restoring lysosome function, and further mitigates ethanol-induced liver damage. These results show that the NaAR-induced cytotoxicity in p53-deficient H1299
- | Journal, IO biomarker: Cytotoxic n-Hexane Fraction of the Egyptian Pteris vittata Functions as Anti-breast Cancer Through Coordinated Actions on Apoptotic and Autophagic Pathways. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
We concluded that the PV-n-hexane extract exhibits cytotoxic effects on the MCF-7 cell line with significant reductions in cell viability and concomitant autophagy and apoptosis induction. Inhibition of autophagy in the PV-treated MCF-7 cells enhances apoptosis via a p35-dependent pathway.
- | Journal: AKR7A3 modulates the metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through regulating PHGDH-suppressed autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
Overall, the present study suggests that AKR7A3 inhibits PDAC progression by regulating PHGDH-induced autophagy. In addition, AKR7A3 inhibits chemoresistance via regulating PHGDH, and may serve as a new therapeutic target for PDAC.
- | Journal: hASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p targeting TGF?R2 promotes autophagy and reduces pyroptosis to alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
HASCs-derived exosomal miR-155-5p is expected to be a biomarker for clinical treatment of IDD. Our study may provide a new therapeutic target for IDD.
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal, IO biomarker: Intermittent heat exposure induces thoracic aorta injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats by activating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
Our study may provide a new therapeutic target for IDD. In SHRs, intermittent heat exposure causes significant pathologies and promotes autophagy and apoptosis in the thoracic aorta possibly by activating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway.
- | Journal: Research progress of the regulatory role of autophagy in metabolic liver diseases (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
Drugs that have an effect on autophagy can either promote or inhibit autophagy, and as a result, it can either increase or inhibit the three major nutritional metabolisms that are affected by liver disease. Thus, this opens up a novel therapeutic option for liver disease.
- | acetylcysteine solution / Generic mfg.
Journal: The interplay between lncRNA NR_030777 and SF3B3 in neuronal damage caused by paraquat. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
The expression of SF3B3 protein was reduced in Neuro-2a cells after PQ exposure, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetylcysteine prevented this decline...Moreover, after intervention with the autophagy inhibitor Bafilomycin A1, LC3B-II protein expression was further increased in Neuro-2a cells with the knockdown of SF3B3, indicating that autophagy was enhanced. In conclusion, PQ modulated the interplay between NR_030777 and SF3B3 through ROS production, thereby impairing autophagic flux and causing neuronal damage.
- | Journal: Antrodia camphorata and coenzyme Q , a novel quinone derivative of Antrodia camphorata, impede HIF-1? and epithelial-mesenchymal transition/metastasis in human glioblastoma cells. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
Treatment with Antrodia camphorata/CoQ inhibited HIF-1? and EMT/metastasis in glioblastoma.
- Carbon Monoxide Improves Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Function During Polymicrobial Sepsis by Induction of Autophagy (Walter E. Washington Convention Center, Area L, Hall C (Lower Level)) - Mar 25, 2023 - Abstract #ATS2023ATS_7159;
and EMT/metastasis in glioblastoma. Taken together, these data reveal that induction of autophagy by CO in hMSCs is important for their improved therapeutic effect during experimental sepsis, resulting in increased survival, enhanced bacterial clearance, and resolution of inflammation associated with decreased tissue injury.
- | dorsomorphin (Compound C) / EMD Serono
Preclinical, Journal: Ginsenoside Rg1 Ameliorates Pancreatic Injuries via the AMPK/mTOR Pathway in vivo and in vitro. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
The STZ-induced DM mice model was treated with G-Rg1 alone or combined with 3-Methyladenine (3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor)/rapamycin (RAPA, an autophagy activator) for 8 weeks, and levels of glucose and lipid metabolism, histopathological changes, as well as autophagy and apoptosis of relevant markers were estimated...Furthermore, these anti-apoptosis effects of G-Rg1 were partially abolished by 3-MA and CC. Our findings revealed that G-Rg1 exhibits strong anti-apoptosis ability in pancreatic tissues of type 1 diabetic mice and HG-induced RIN-m5F cells, and the mechanisms involved in activating AMPK and inhibiting mTOR-mediated autophagy, indicating that G-Rg1 may have the therapeutic and preventive potential for treating pancreatic injury in diabetic patients.
- | sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Journal: Astragaloside trigger autophagy: Implication a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2023
Inhibitors of Ras and MEK regulated autophagy. These findings suggest that AST might treat pulmonary fibrosis by modulating the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway mediated by depression.
- | Journal: CDK5RAP3, a key defender of udder, modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating autophagolysosome degradation in S. agalactiae-infected mastitis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2023
Hence, our findings suggest that downregulation or ablation of CDK5RAP3 inhibits autophagolysosome degradation, causes inflammation by activating the NF-?B /NLRP3 inflammasome, and triggers cell death. In conclusion, CDK5RAP3 holds the key to understanding the interaction between autophagy and immune responses, its anti-inflammatory role in this study will throw new light on the clinical drug discovery to cure S. agalactiae mastitis.
- | Journal: Galangin alleviated myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by enhancing autophagic flux and inhibiting inflammation. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2023
In conclusion, CDK5RAP3 holds the key to understanding the interaction between autophagy and immune responses, its anti-inflammatory role in this study will throw new light on the clinical drug discovery to cure S. agalactiae mastitis. Our data demonstrated that Gal could improve left ventricular ejection fraction and reduce infarct size after myocardial I/R by promoting autophagy and inhibiting inflammation.
- | chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg., sirolimus / Generic mfg.
Journal, IO biomarker: Autophagy attenuates placental apoptosis, oxidative stress and fetal growth restriction in pregnant ewes. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2023
Our data demonstrated that Gal could improve left ventricular ejection fraction and reduce infarct size after myocardial I/R by promoting autophagy and inhibiting inflammation. Regarding in vitro model, primary ovine trophoblasts were exposed to BPA, BPA plus chloroquine (CQ; an autophagy inhibitor) or BPA plus rapamycin (RAP; an autophagy activator) for 12
- | Journal: Role of autophagy in simulated ischemic-reperfused left atrial myocardium. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2023
The observation of greater deterioration in mitochondrial structure and function when this process was inhibited, suggests an association between autophagy and the structural and functional preservation of mitochondria. Exogenous metabolic substrates, to which the myocardium is exposed during ischemia-reperfusion, might not affect this process.
- | sorafenib / Generic mfg.
Journal: Discovery of Canine Drug Toceranib Phosphate as a Repurposed Agent Against Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2023
Exogenous metabolic substrates, to which the myocardium is exposed during ischemia-reperfusion, might not affect this process. Our results elucidate a newly identified therapeutic potential of TOC in treating HCC, sparking a growing interest in repurposing such canine drugs for human use.
- | Journal: G-protein signaling modulator 1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and autophagy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2023
Our results elucidate a newly identified therapeutic potential of TOC in treating HCC, sparking a growing interest in repurposing such canine drugs for human use. We proposed that G-protein signaling modulator 1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by modulating autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.