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  • ||||||||||  Cannabinoids induce extracellular vesicle synthesis in hmoDCs that promote Treg cell polarization (Hall Y 05+06) -  Apr 30, 2023 - Abstract #EAACI2023EAACI_916;    
    Conclusion Cannabinoids enhance EV biogenesis and secretion in hmoDCs, which play an essential role in the imprinted tolerogenic properties in human DCs, including Treg cell generation. The better understanding of the mode of action of DC-derived EVs on the induction of tolerance might well pave the way for the future development of alternative therapeutic strategies for different immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
  • ||||||||||  cisplatin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  CLIC1-mediated autophagy confers resistance to DDP in gastric cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 27, 2023   
    Cisplatin (DDP) has been approved as a critical chemotherapy drug to treat various kinds of solid tumors...These experiments suggest that CLIC1 could alter the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to DDP by activating autophagy. Overall, the results of this study recommend a novel mechanism of DDP resistance in gastric cancer.
  • ||||||||||  chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg., vinblastine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Thyroid hormone upregulates LAMP2 expression and lysosome activity. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 26, 2023   
    In the presence of the lysosomal autophagy inhibitors bafilomycin A1, chloroquine and ammonium chloride, we observed substantial accumulation of LAMP2 but not LAMP1 protein...More specifically, the protective effect of T against ER stress-induced death was abolished by knockdown of LAMP2. Our collective results indicate that T not only promotes lysosomal gene expression but also LAMP protein stability and microtubule assembly, leading to enhancement of lysosomal activity in digesting any additional autophagosomal burden.
  • ||||||||||  PD98059 / Wayne State University
    Journal:  SIRT6 ameliorates LPS-induced apoptosis and tight junction injury in ARDS through the ERK1/2 pathway and autophagy. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 25, 2023   
    Meanwhile, the SIRT6-specific inhibitor OSS_128167 also activated the ERK1/2 pathway and inhibited lung autophagy. These results suggested that SIRT6 could ameliorate the loss of tight junction proteins, inflammation, and apoptosis in LPS-induced ARDS by inhibiting the ERK1/ 2 pathway and enhancing autophagy, indicating that SIRT6 plays a beneficial role in ARDS and might be a potential therapeutic target for ARDS.
  • ||||||||||  sirolimus / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Mitochondrial Hydrogen Peroxide Activates PTEN and Inactivates Akt Leading to Autophagy Inhibition-Dependent Cell Death in Neuronal Models of Parkinson's Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 25, 2023   
    Overexpression of dominant negative PTEN, constitutively active Akt and/or pretreatment with rapamycin rescued the cells from PD toxins-induced downregulation of ATG5/LC3-II and upregulation of p62, as well as consequential autophagosome diminishment and apoptosis in the cells...Taken together, the results indicate that PD toxins can elicit mitochondrial HO, which can activate PTEN and inactivate Akt leading to autophagy inhibition-dependent neuronal apoptosis, and Parkin plays a critical role in this process. Our findings suggest that co-manipulation of the PTEN/Akt/autophagy signaling by antioxidants may be exploited for the prevention of neuronal loss in PD.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Research Progress on Autophagy Regulation by Active Ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 24, 2023   
    Studies have shown that autophagy may play a beneficial or harmful role in acute lung injury (ALI), and ALI has been treated with traditional Chinese medicine designed to promote or inhibit autophagy. In this paper, the molecular mechanism and common pathways regulating autophagy and the relationship between autophagy and ALI are introduced, and the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine that improve ALI symptoms by regulating autophagy are summarized.
  • ||||||||||  sirolimus / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Estrogen alleviates post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph-mediated lung injury through autophagy inhibition. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 24, 2023   
    In this paper, the molecular mechanism and common pathways regulating autophagy and the relationship between autophagy and ALI are introduced, and the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine that improve ALI symptoms by regulating autophagy are summarized. The role of estrogen reducing PHSML-mediated ALI is associated with the inhibition of autophagy.
  • ||||||||||  sirolimus / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Cathelicidin LL-37 activates human keratinocyte autophagy through the P2X?, mTOR and MAPK pathways. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 21, 2023   
    Interestingly, the LL-37-induced distribution of tight junction proteins and improvement in the tight junction barrier were inhibited in autophagy-deficient keratinocytes and keratinocytes and skin models treated with autophagy inhibitors, indicating that the LL-37-mediated tight junction barrier is associated with autophagy activation. Collectively, these findings suggest that LL-37 is a potential therapeutic target for skin diseases characterized by dysfunctional autophagy and skin barriers.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Cotton Leaf Curl Multan virus C4 protein suppresses autophagy to facilitate viral infection. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 19, 2023   
    Moreover, plants infected with mutated CLCuMuV-C4R54K develop less severe symptoms with decreased levels of viral DNA. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism underlying how the DNA virus CLCuMuV deploys a VSA to subdue host cellular antiviral autophagy defense and uphold viral infection in plants.
  • ||||||||||  Remicade (infliximab) / Merck (MSD), Mitsubishi Tanabe, J&J, Auxora (zegocractin) / CalciMedica
    Review, Journal:  Trends and recent developments in pharmacotherapy of acute pancreatitis. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 18, 2023   
    However, challenges for exploring targeted treatment approaches include disease complexity, timing of therapeutic intervention, and establishing appropriate clinical endpoints. Understanding the role of specific biomarkers may help in identifying appropriate targets for drug discovery and facilitate determining relevant clinical study endpoints to monitor disease severity and progression, thereby aiding in design of more precise therapies with improved clinical outcomes.
  • ||||||||||  doxycycline / Generic mfg.
    Journal, IO biomarker:  Nanodrug Inducing Autophagy Inhibition and Mitochondria Dysfunction for Potentiating Tumor Photo-Immunotherapy. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 15, 2023   
    Herein, a liposome nanodrug co-encapsulating doxycycline hydrochloride (Doxy) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) to simultaneously induce autophagy inhibition and mitochondria dysfunction for potentiating tumor photo-immunotherapy is developed...The nanodrugs elicit remarkable antitumor therapy by combining Ce6-mediated PDT and Doxy-induced autophagy inhibition and mitochondria dysfunction. The developed nanodrugs represent a highly efficient strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Tomato chlorosis virus p22 interacts with NbBAG5 to inhibit autophagy and regulate virus infection. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2023   
    NbBAG5 inhibited the expression of mitophagy-related genes and the number of autophagosomes, thereby regulating viral infection by affecting mitophagy. In summary, this study demonstrated that ToCV p22 affects autophagy by interacting with NbBAG5, established the association between viral infection, BAG proteins family, and the autophagy pathway, and explained the molecular mechanism by which ToCV p22 interacts with NbBAG5 to inhibit autophagy to regulate viral infection.
  • ||||||||||  paricalcitol / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Vitamin D ameliorates podocyte injury by enhancing autophagy activity in diabetic kidney disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 14, 2023   
    Our findings showed that Activin A alleviated neuronal ischemic injury through inhibiting cGAS-STING-mediated excessive autophagy in mice with ischemic stroke, which may suggest a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke. Vitamin D ameliorates podocyte injury of DKD by enhancing podocyte autophagy activity, which may become a potential candidate autophagy activator for the therapeutic interventions for DKD.
  • ||||||||||  dexamethasone / Generic mfg.
    Autophagy regulates the generation and differentiation of chemically derived hepatic progenitors (CdHs) (Poster Area) -  Apr 12, 2023 - Abstract #EASLILC2023EASL_ILC_2198;    
    In conclusion, all these findings indicate that autophagy regulates the generation of CdHs and the differentiation of CdHs into CdH-Heps. This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (2022R1A2C2004593), and the Korean Fund for Regenerative Medicine funded by Ministry of Science and ICT, and Ministry of Health and Welfare (21A0401L1).
  • ||||||||||  hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg.
    Unravelling an autophagy-dependent role of vitamin D in preserving gut integrity in experimental NASH (Poster Area) -  Apr 12, 2023 - Abstract #EASLILC2023EASL_ILC_608;    
    These effects were mediated, at least in part, by modulating different tight junction proteins expression that is autophagy dependent. Figure: Immunohistochemical analysis against tight junction proteins, claudin-1 and occludin, in ileal sections of mice belonging to different treatment groups presented as means
  • ||||||||||  docetaxel / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Sympathetic ?-adrenergic receptor blockade overcomes docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 12, 2023   
    Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey Kramer post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Our data demonstrate that ?-AR inhibitor-induced autophagy and apoptosis contribute to the effectiveness responses to docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer, and in combination with pharmacological agents of ?-AR and autophagy inhibitors may provide a potential therapeutic strategy to enhance the limited capacity of docetaxel to control castration-resistant prostate cancer.
  • ||||||||||  sorafenib / Generic mfg.
    Journal, Tumor cell:  An ATG4B inhibitor blocks autophagy and sensitizes Sorafenib inhibition activities in HCC tumor cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 11, 2023   
    More importantly, combination of DC-ATG4in with Sorafenib synergized the cancer cell killing effect and proliferation inhibition activities on HCC cells. Our data suggested that inactivation of autophagy via ATG4B inhibition may be a viable strategy to sensitize existing targeted therapy such as Sorafenib in the future.