Myasthenia Gravis
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  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  The Role of Exosomes in Central Immune Tolerance and Myasthenia Gravis. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2024   
    Previous studies have foundthat exosomes derived from human thymic epithelial cells carryantigen-presenting molecules and a wide range of tissue restrictedantigens, which may indicate a vital role of thymic exosomes in MG.Besides, exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs may also play a critical role inthe pathophysiology of MG. This review provides thetherapeutic and diagnostic potential of exosomes in MG patients.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal, IO biomarker:  Impact of statin therapy on CD40:CD40L signaling: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2024   
    However, it is essential to note that the anti-inflammatory effect of statins may vary depending on the specific type of statin used. In this study, we aim to explore the potential anti-inflammatory effects of statins in treating inflammatory diseases by examining their role in regulating immune responses, particularly their impact on the CD40:CD40L signaling pathway, through a comprehensive review of existing literature.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Small-cohort GWAS discovery with AI over massive functional genomics knowledge graph. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2024   
    Furthermore, KGWAS consistently improves downstream analyses such as identifying disease-specific network links for interpreting GWAS variants, identifying disease-associated genes, and identifying disease-relevant cell populations. Overall, KGWAS is a flexible and powerful AI model that integrates growing functional genomics data to discover novel variants, genes, cells, and networks, especially valuable for small cohort diseases.
  • ||||||||||  methotrexate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Concurrent nodular lymphocytic myositis and myasthenia gravis. A case report. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 14, 2024   
    Furthermore, we detail the patient's rapid and sustained response to treatment with steroids (both intravenous pulse and maintenance therapy) and methotrexate. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first documented case of nodular lymphocytic myositis concurrent with an exacerbation of myasthenia gravis, in a patient with no prior history of significant immunosuppression or chronic infection.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Journal:  Factors affecting the diagnostic delay of myasthenia gravis. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 12, 2024   
    Younger age at onset, higher prevalence of asymptomatic periods, and a delayed positive AB titer test may be risk factors for a delayed MG diagnosis. Prompt referral to a stroke specialist may lead to an earlier diagnosis.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  A Focus on Myasthenic Ptosis: The Interface of Medical and Surgical Treatment. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 12, 2024   
    Myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder targeting the neuromuscular junction, is a significant cause of ocular ptosis. The treatment is mainly by symptomatic and immunosuppressive medications, but surgical interventions, such as blepharoplasty, may be considered in some cases of socially embarrassing ptosis.
  • ||||||||||  Keytruda (pembrolizumab) / Merck (MSD)
    Journal, Checkpoint inhibition:  Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myositis Causing Severe Ptosis: A Case Report. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 12, 2024   
    Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), an immune checkpoint inhibitor, has been increasingly utilized in the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma...The patient presented with severe ptosis and respiratory difficulties and was successfully treated with high-dose steroids and plasma exchange therapy, leading to overall improvement. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of differentiating myositis from myasthenia gravis in patients with ICI-induced complications while advocating for an aggressive treatment approach.
  • ||||||||||  Poteligeo (mogamulizumab-kpkc) / Kyowa Kirin
    Journal:  Mogamulizumab-Associated Autoimmune Diseases: Insights From FAERS Database Analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 11, 2024   
    This study replicated previously identified AEs associated with mogamulizumab and uncovered additional signals of AEs, particularly emphasizing the risks associated with autoimmune diseases. It is essential to exercise vigilance in monitoring the occurrence of these AEs during the use of mogamulizumab in clinical practice.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 10, 2024   
    Furthermore, the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological disorders were also discussed, including entering the brain through retrograde neuronal or hematogenous routes, disrupting the normal function of the CNS through cytokine storms, inducing cerebral ischemia or hypoxia, thus leading to neurological complications. Moreover, an overview of long-COVID-19 symptoms is provided, along with some recommendations for care and therapeutic approaches of COVID-19 patients experiencing neurological complications.
  • ||||||||||  Enrollment closed:  EXPLORE-MG2: Exploring Outcomes and Characteristics of Myasthenia Gravis 2 (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Dec 10, 2024   
    P=N/A,  N=400, Active, not recruiting, 
    These findings may inform more personalized MG treatment strategies, warranting further validation in larger and more diverse cohorts. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  A Posterior Cranial Fossa Lesion Mimicking Myasthenia Gravis. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 9, 2024   
    Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting This case emphasizes the importance of imaging in patients presenting with symptoms similar to those of neuromuscular junction disorders.It also highlights the possible challenges in diagnosis of such patients.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Myasthenia gravis: The evolving therapeutic landscape. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 9, 2024   
    In open-label extensions, these agents have proven to be effective over the longer term extending several years, with benefits such as reduction of corticosteroid requirements being observed. In the communication below, we will briefly summarize recent pharmacologic advancements in the management of gMG and outline how these agents are currently being used and may be used in the future.
  • ||||||||||  Soliris (eculizumab) / AstraZeneca
    Journal:  Probable Eculizumab-associated hepatotoxicity in a patient with Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 9, 2024   
    Therefore, patients should be monitored for liver function tests during eculizumab treatment, and care should be taken for hepatotoxicity. If hepatotoxicity is detected while under eculizumab treatment, patients should be investigated for other drug use, complementary food supplementation, or possible autoimmune hepatitis, and other potential causes should be excluded.
  • ||||||||||  cyclosporine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  First reported case of thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity induced by COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 7, 2024   
    A 64-year-old female patient with a history of myasthenia gravis and thymoma treated with prednisolone (10?mg/day) and cyclosporine (150?mg/day) experienced erythema on her trunk after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) onset...During the disease course, candida fungemia and cytomegalovirus infection developed, resulting in the patient's death. The TAMA was considered to have been caused by the release of inflammatory cytokines, autoreactive T cell activation, and regulatory T cell dysfunction induced by COVID-19.
  • ||||||||||  Retrospective data, Journal, Adverse events:  Persistent symptoms, exacerbations and drug side effects despite treatment in myasthenia gravis. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 7, 2024   
    The TAMA was considered to have been caused by the release of inflammatory cytokines, autoreactive T cell activation, and regulatory T cell dysfunction induced by COVID-19. There is a group of MG patients that suffers from persistent symptoms and exacerbations (11%-20%) or MG crises, and drug AEs, which may increase disease burden and impact on the healthcare system.
  • ||||||||||  Hemlibra (emicizumab-kxwh) / Roche, Darzalex (daratumumab) / J&J, Rituxan (rituximab) / Roche
    CAR-T Cell Therapy for Acquired Hemophilia A () -  Dec 7, 2024 - Abstract #ASH2024ASH_7572;    
    IST was stopped prior to CAR-T infusion, while emicizumab was continued...Moreover, no infections occurred.In summary, anti-CD19CAR-T cell therapy for treatment of therapy resistant AHA was safe and effective to eradicate autoantibodies against FVIII. On site production facilitated by an experienced GMP-unit and cellular therapy team is a prerequisite for timely intervention to induce remission in an otherwise fatal autoimmune disease.
  • ||||||||||  Journal, Machine learning:  Data-driven explainable machine learning for personalized risk classification of myasthenic crisis. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 6, 2024   
    This study establishes feasibility and proof-of-concept for risk classification of MC based on real-world routine clinical data using ML with explainable features and variance control at the point of care. Future research on ML-based prediction of MC should include multi-center, multinational data collection, more in-depth data per patient, more patients, and an attention-based ML model to include free-text.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Burden of Myasthenia Gravis in the Czech (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 4, 2024   
    Additionally, we examine current research on the relationship between anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and irAEs in patients treated with ICIs and propose a potential mechanism responsible for the fatal MG in our patient. Our analysis shows that the incidence of MG is increasing in the Czech Republic and that patients with refractory disease, of whom up to 58% are female, have a
  • ||||||||||  Journal, Bariatric surgery:  Impact of laparoscopic gastric bypass in a patient with myasthenia gravis and obesity. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 4, 2024   
    Myasthenia gravis is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular disease that primarily affects women. Although it is uncommon for it to be associated with obesity, weight loss has been shown to improve the symptoms of this condition, owing to the resolution of metabolic syndrome and the optimization of acetylcholine receptors after weight loss.
  • ||||||||||  Vyvgart (efgartigimod alfa-fcab) / argenx, Broteio
    Journal, IO biomarker:  Efgartigimod treatment in patients with anti-MuSK-positive myasthenia gravis in exacerbation. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 4, 2024   
    It is important to note that efgartigimod should not be viewed as a substitute for foundational immunotherapy; rather, it is intended as a rescue treatment during exacerbations and as an adjunctive therapy in the context of long-term immunotherapy. This non-invasive approach has the potential to become another treatment option for MuSK-Ab-positive MG patients.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Surgical treatment of thymic epithelial tumor and myasthenia gravis. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 3, 2024   
    Treatment includes cholinesterase inhibitors and immunotherapy agents, with extended thymectomy serving as an effective surgical option for drug-resistant cases. Minimally invasive approaches (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery or robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery) have demonstrated comparable oncological outcomes to sternotomy, highlighting their effectiveness and reliability.