- |||||||||| Rapivab (peramivir) / BioCryst, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal: Development of molnupiravir and peramivir loaded liposome formulations for combined antiviral therapy. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 5, 2025
These findings demonstrate that a possible synergistic effect of the newly developed sustained-release COMB-Lipo formulation is suggested with the complementary antiviral mechanisms of the combined agents. As a result, the therapeutic potential of co-delivery of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs for pulmonary application is considered a promising approach for long-acting treatment of COVID-19.
- |||||||||| favipiravir / Generic mfg., Sovaldi (sofosbuvir) / Gilead, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Preclinical, Journal: Combinations of approved oral nucleoside analogues confer potent suppression of alphaviruses in vitro and in vivo. (Pubmed Central) - May 30, 2025
Combining these approved oral nucleoside analogues confers potent suppression of multiple alphaviruses in vitro and in vivo with enhanced control of viral genetic evolution in face of antiviral pressure. These drug combinations may ultimately lead to the development of potent combinations of pan-family alphavirus inhibitors.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Review, Journal: A Tale of Two Drugs: Molnupiravir and Paxlovid. (Pubmed Central) - May 29, 2025
The package insert for MOV states that patients should be notified of relevant toxicity issues before administration. Sensitive mutation detection/analysis studies, such as error corrected Next Generation Sequencing (ecNGS) or HPRT mutation detection assays, in MOV-treated patients are needed to establish the safety of MOV.
- |||||||||| Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Clinical, Journal: Impact of differences between interim and post-interim analysis populations on outcomes of a group sequential trial: Example of the MOVe-OUT study. (Pubmed Central) - May 21, 2025
P2/3
During dynamic epidemic or pandemic conditions, adaptive trials should be designed and interpreted especially carefully, considering that they will likely rapidly enroll a large post-interim overrun population and that even small longitudinal shifts across multiple baseline variables can disproportionately impact prespecified efficacy outcomes at different timepoints. Shifts in prognostic factors may introduce additional variability that can be difficult to disentangle from temporal trends in epidemiology (e.g. evolutionary changes in the causative pathogen) or disease management.(ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04575597.).
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal: Honeysuckle extracts as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 infection. (Pubmed Central) - May 19, 2025
Moreover, pre-treatment with aqueous HSEs effectively reduced the RNA levels, and TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 by up to 99.684%, and alcohol HSEs achieved up to 99.921% inhibition; both of these effects occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that HSEs may have the potential to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- |||||||||| Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal: The new cocrystal of molnupiravir-caprolactam discovered by melt crystallization with improved tableting properties. (Pubmed Central) - May 17, 2025
The MPV-CPL cocrystal also shows good compressibility, compactibility, and plasticity. This work establishes two key advances: (1) melt crystallization is a supplement to solution methods, and it can produce pharmaceutical cocrystals that tend to form solvates in solution, and (2) the improvement in tabletability of MPV-CPL cocrystal overcomes the main barrier in developing MPV tablets, which makes it a promising candidate for developing MPV tablets.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal: The effect of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir on SARS-CoV-2 genome diversity in severe models of COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2025
Animals treated with molnupiravir showed an increase in transition/transversion ratios over time, consistent with the drug's mechanism of action and a recent UK-wide phase II clinical trial assessing the efficacy of molnupiravir in humans. The addition of nirmatrelvir increased viral clearance, which in turn reduces the probability of viral persistence and rapid intra-host evolution of SARS-CoV-2.
- |||||||||| Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Retrospective data, Journal: Evaluation of the course of improvement with molnupiravir treatment for feline infectious peritonitis. (Pubmed Central) - May 5, 2025
In non-neurological cases, dysrexia, lethargy, and high serum amyloid A were resolved within 15 d. Total follow-up duration ranged from 175 to 362 d. No relapses were observed. Monitoring responses to molnupiravir treatment requires observing clinical signs and conducting clinicopathological evaluations, including acute-phase protein evaluation.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Retrospective data, Journal: Risk of Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 and Oral Antivirals in Adults Aged Over 60 years: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 11, 2025
This study highlights the major interest of combining direct acting and host-targeted agents as a promising strategy against circulating and emerging viruses. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir administration in ambulatory patients were associated with decreased PASC risk; thus, oral antivirals may mitigate the indirect Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection effects.
- |||||||||| Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal: Reactive oxygen species-mediated cytotoxic and DNA-damaging mechanism of N4-hydroxycytidine, a metabolite of the COVID-19 therapeutic drug molnupiravir. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2025
An indicator of oxidative DNA damage, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine formation by CDA-treated NHC, was lower under hypoxic conditions than under normal conditions. Therefore, hydroxylamine, possibly produced from NHC treated with CDA, could induce metal-dependent H2O2 generation during the redox reactions, suggesting that oxidative DNA damage induced by ROS plays an important role in molnupiravir-related cytotoxicity and mutagenicity.
- |||||||||| remdesivir / Generic mfg., papaverine / Generic mfg., Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal: Papaverine Targets STAT Signaling: A Dual-Action Therapy Option Against SARS-CoV-2. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 2, 2025
Furthermore, the combination of PV with approved COVID-19 therapeutics molnupiravir and remdesivir demonstrated synergistic effects. Given its immunomodulatory effects and clinical availability, PV shows promising potential as a component for combination therapy against COVID-19.
- |||||||||| remdesivir / Generic mfg., Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Preclinical, Journal: 3-Deazaguanosine inhibits SARS-CoV-2 viral replication and reduces the risk of COVID-19 pneumonia in hamster. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 2, 2025
In hamsters infected with SARS-CoV-2, administration of 2 markedly reduced infectious viral titers, and prevented the development of COVID-19 pneumonia better than Molnupiravir. The potency of 2 against SARS-CoV-2 underscores its potential as an effective therapeutic agent for COVID-19 and future zoonotic coronavirus infections and raises the possibility of antiviral nucleoside analogs with alternative therapeutic targets to RdRp.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Impact of Administrative Problems on Severe Adverse Event Outcomes for COVID-19 Antiviral Medications () - Mar 24, 2025 - Abstract #ISPOR2025ISPOR_797;
Remdesivir was significantly more likely to be associated with severe AE outcomes following administrative problems. Enhanced pharmacovigilance systems are needed to identify and address administrative challenges early, ensuring safer and more effective use of COVID-19 antiviral therapies.
- |||||||||| remdesivir / Generic mfg., Xocova (ensitrelvir) / Shionogi, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal, HEOR, Real-world evidence: Real-World Treatment Outcomes in the First and Subsequent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospital Clusters. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2025
Countermeasures against hospital clusters require comprehensive measures, such as infection prevention, vaccination, rapid diagnosis, and antiviral drug administration. Antiviral drugs may shorten hospital clusters by rapidly suppressing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal, Real-world evidence: Real-world experience with therapies for SARS-CoV-2: Lessons from the Italian COVID-19 studies. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 12, 2025
However, with the exception of tocilizumab, baricitinib and perhaps anakinra, most studies with anti-cytokine biological agents in patients with severe COVID-19 did not show any significant clinical improvement or decrease in mortality at day 28. The same is true of several repurposed drugs including ivermectin, lactoferrin, interferon
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD), Xevudy (sotrovimab) / GSK, National Institutes of Health, Vir Biotech, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Journal: Antiviral combination regimens as rescue therapy in immunocompromised hosts with persistent COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 9, 2025
In eight cases, clinical and virological success was confirmed by radiological follow-up. Antivirals combination is likely to become a mainstay in the future management of COVID-19 among immunocompromised patients, but knowledge in this field is still very limited and prospective studies on larger cohorts are urgently warranted.
- |||||||||| Journal: Effectiveness of nucleoside analogs against Wetland virus infection. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 3, 2025
Additionally, we identified mutations G3033R and A3756V in the C-terminal region of the WELV L protein, which may be associated with viral resistance to ribavirin and 4'-fluorouridine. This study revealed varying degrees of anti-WELV efficacy among different nucleoside analogs and identified 4'-fluorouridine as a promising therapeutic candidate and ribavirin as a priority treatment option for WELV infection.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Clinical, Retrospective data, Journal, HEOR: Short- and long-term comparative effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir in asthma patients: a cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 1, 2025
Compared with molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir may offer more benefits in reducing the risk of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 among asthma patients. In addition, the post-acute benefits of the antivirals were also demonstrated in patients with mild asthma, which have not been generally recommended in existing clinical management guidelines.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Retrospective data, Journal, Real-world evidence, Real-world effectiveness, Real-world: Real-world effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and molnupiravir in non-hospitalised adults with Covid-19: a population-based, retrospective cohort study cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 27, 2025
Thus, alternative diagnostic criteria are necessary, and clinical decisions and interventions should be tailored to each individual case. Among outpatients aged ?60
- |||||||||| Ocrevus (ocrelizumab) / Roche
Severe Persistent COVID in Setting of Ocrelizumab-Induced Hypogammaglobulinemia (Area K, Hall F (North Building, Exhibition Level), Moscone Center; Poster Board # P1211) - Feb 24, 2025 - Abstract #ATS2025ATS_6557;
Further research is required to establish standards related to monitoring and treatment of ocrelizumab-induced hypogammaglobulinemia. Providers should consider testing for and treating hypogammaglobulinemia in patients on ocrelizumab who develop severe respiratory infections.
- |||||||||| Mycamine (micafungin) / Astellas, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis in an 83-year-old Man Post COVID-19 Pneumonia (Area K, Hall F (North Building, Exhibition Level), Moscone Center; Poster Board # P1273) - Feb 24, 2025 - Abstract #ATS2025ATS_4660;
Providers should consider testing for and treating hypogammaglobulinemia in patients on ocrelizumab who develop severe respiratory infections. Following a course of molnupiravir, he initially improved but subsequently developed recurrent fevers (102
- |||||||||| ivermectin oral / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal, Adverse events: Cardiovascular adverse effects of antiviral therapies for COVID-19: Evidence and plausible mechanisms. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 21, 2025
Several antivirals were widely prescribed to treat COVID-19, either through the emergency use authorization (EUA) by the governmental regulatory agencies (i.e., remdesivir, paxlovid, molnupiravir, and the SARS-CoV-2-targeted monoclonal antibodies - tixagevimab and cilgavimab), as well as the repurposed use of the existing antiviral or antimalarial drugs (e.g., hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and ivermectin)...We also provide further discussion on the potential cellular mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular adverse effects of the selected antiviral drugs, which should be carefully considered when evaluating risk factors in managing patients with COVID-19 or similar infectious diseases. It is foreseeable that future antiviral drug development assisted with the newest artificial intelligence platform may improve the accuracy to predict the structures of biomolecules of antivirals and therefore to mitigate their associated cardiovascular adversities.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Preclinical, Journal: Efficient in vitro assay for evaluating drug efficacy and synergy against emerging SARS-CoV-2 strains. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 13, 2025
This method offers a practical tool that streamlines the identification of effective combination therapies and the detection of antiviral resistance. Our findings support the use of antiviral drug combinations targeting multiple viral components to enhance COVID-19 treatment efficacy, particularly in the context of emerging viral strains.
- |||||||||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Observational data, Retrospective data, Journal: Oral COVID-19 antiviral prescribing in Australian general practice - a retrospective observational study. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 11, 2025
Conclusions Oral COVID-19 antiviral prescribing volumes in general practice may serve as an indicator of periods of increased transmission of COVID-19, through increases in prescribing activity. Telehealth exceeding face-to-face for oral COVID-19 antiviral prescribing supports continued access to telehealth to reduce exposure to COVID-19 and provide time-critical access to treatment.
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