moxidectin / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  niclosamide / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  In vitro efficacy of anthelmintics on Angiostrongylus cantonensis L3 larvae. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 1, 2021   
    Ivermectin and moxidectin did not induce significant levels of mortality, but they considerably reduced larval motility almost immediately. This study indicates the need for further in vivo studies to determine the optimal dose and time frame for post-infection treatment with anthelmintics that demonstrated efficacy.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Route of administration affects the efficacy of moxidectin against Ostertagiinae nematodes in farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus). (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 1, 2021   
    A similar pattern was seen in the levels of moxidectin in plasma with both the peak value and area under the concentration curve being highest following injectable administration and lowest following pour-on treatment. Although undertaken in a different host species, the results support the proposition that injectable administration of macrocyclic lactone anthelmintics is likely to be optimal for efficacy against Ostertagiinae parasites and potentially useful in slowing the emergence of resistance in these parasites.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Three-year study to evaluate an anthelmintic treatment regimen with reduced treatment frequency in horses on two study sites in Belgium. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 1, 2021   
    Historically, the horses on both study sites were treated up to 6 times a year with ivermectin (IVM) or up to 4 times a year with moxidectin (MOX), and previous efficacy evaluations indicated a reduced egg reappearance period in some of the treated horses for both IVM (28 days) and MOX (42 days)...The model simulations indicated that the whole-herd treatment regimen with at least 4 macrocyclic lactone treatments annually led 2-3 times faster resistance development than any of the alternative treatment regimens evaluated under the specific conditions of these two study sites. Further lowering the treatment frequency or applying even more selective treatments enhanced the delay in resistance development, but to a lesser extent.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Solvatomorphism of Moxidectin. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 17, 2021   
    Moreover, the hitherto unknown crystal structures of the solvatomorphs with ethanol and 2-propanol are reported and discussed. The thermal characterization of these solvatomorphs through variable-temperature powder X-ray diffraction analysis (VT-PXRD) is also described, providing new insights into the crystallochemistry of this active pharmaceutical ingredient.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Use of oclacitinib as antipruritic drug during sarcoptic mange infestation treatment. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 1, 2021   
    All dogs were treated at day (D)0 with systemic antiparasitic drugs (e.g. moxidectin, sarolaner, afoxolaner) in association with oclacitinib at 0.5 mg/kg by mouth every 12 hours for 14 days followed by oclacitinib administration every 24 hours for another 14 days...Telephone follow up information, collected seven days after discharge, reported a significative decrease in pruritus within 24 hours. Our results suggest that the association of oclacitinib inhibition of JAK1 dependent cytokines (allergic and inflammatory associated IL2, IL4, IL6, IL13 and pruritogenic associated IL31) with conventional antiparasitic treatment, may be useful to provide quick relief from pruritus and decrease inflammation in dogs with sarcoptic mange.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  A case of inguinal hernia associated with atypical Dirofilaria repens infection in a dog. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 29, 2021   
    Our results suggest that the association of oclacitinib inhibition of JAK1 dependent cytokines (allergic and inflammatory associated IL2, IL4, IL6, IL13 and pruritogenic associated IL31) with conventional antiparasitic treatment, may be useful to provide quick relief from pruritus and decrease inflammation in dogs with sarcoptic mange. We report a case of an atypical localization of D. repens in the peritoneal cavity of a naturally infected pet dog with inguinal hernia and discuss the associations between hernia and parasitic infections.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Use of nest bundles to monitor agrochemical exposure and effects among cavity nesting pollinators. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 27, 2021   
    Moxidectin was most frequently detected across all reed matrices from feed yard sites, and moxidectin concentrations in nonviable larvae were more than four times higher than those quantified in viable larvae...Use of nest bundles revealed that cavity nesting pollinators in agriculturally intensive regions are exposed to agrochemicals during all life stages, at relatively high frequencies, and at potentially lethal concentrations. These results demonstrate the utility of nest bundles for characterizing risks to cavity nesting insects inhabiting agriculturally intensive regions.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Importation of macrocyclic lactone resistant cyathostomins on a US thoroughbred farm. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 22, 2021   
    Horses from these two groups were then assigned randomly to two possible treatments; moxidectin or a triple combination of moxidectin, oxibendazole, and pyrantel pamoate...These data demonstrate that ML-resistant cyathostomins were imported from Ireland and serve to illustrate that the global movement of horses has the potential to quickly spread ML-resistant parasite isolates around the world. The equine industry is strongly encouraged to routinely monitor anthelmintic efficacy, so occurrence of ML resistant cyathostomins can be detected and appropriate interventions implemented as early as possible.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg., ivermectin oral / Generic mfg., levamisole / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The use of ITS-2 rDNA nemabiome metabarcoding to enhance anthelmintic resistance diagnosis and surveillance of ovine gastrointestinal nematodes. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 22, 2021   
    It also revealed that although poor efficacy to closantel was relatively common, based on total fecal egg counts, this was due to its narrow spectrum of activity rather than the emergence of anthelmintic resistance. This study illustrates the value of ITS-2 rDNA nemabiome metabarcoding to improve fecal egg count resistance testing, perform large-scale anthelmintic resistance surveillance and direct more targeted rational anthelmintic use.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg., albendazole / Generic mfg.
    Enrollment closed:  Efficacy and Safety of MOX/ALB Co-administration (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Aug 20, 2021   
    P3,  N=282, Active, not recruiting, 
    Because 8 mg of moxidectin is used for the treatment of onchocerciasis and has been evaluated for other helminth infections, we recommend this dose for phase 2b and phase 3 trials of strongyloidiasis therapy. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date:  Dose-finding Study of Moxidectin for Treatment of Scabies (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Aug 18, 2021   
    P2,  N=30, Recruiting, 
    Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting Trial completion date: Sep 2021 --> Jan 2022
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  An Accessible Alternative to Melarsomine: "Moxi-Doxy" for Treatment of Adult Heartworm Infection in Dogs. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 14, 2021   
    In moxi-doxy protocols, doxycycline should be repeated annually until NAD. This review summarizes the safety and efficacy of moxi-doxy, addresses controversies surrounding this treatment approach, and provides detailed recommendations for treatment regimens and post-treatment testing.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg., albendazole / Generic mfg., levamisole / Generic mfg.
    PK/PD data, Journal:  Pharmacokinetic comparison of six anthelmintics in sheep, goats, and cattle. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 13, 2021   
    The results from this study suggest drug approval across these three ruminants is not a viable concept. However, the resulting PK profiles for each combination of drug and ruminant species represents a new dataset that can be used to support the US FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine's Minor Use/Minor Species indexing process for drug approvals in minor species such as sheep and goats.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg., ivermectin oral / Generic mfg., ivermectin topical / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Common pediatric infestations: update on diagnosis and treatment of scabies, head lice, and bed bugs. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 14, 2021   
    Resistance to permethrin continues to increase and other options are now available, including an over-the-counter topical ivermectin formulation. Identification and eradication of bed bug infestations are crucial in preventing bedbug bites.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Sorption of selected antiparasitics in soils and sediments. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 13, 2021   
    Therefore, batch equilibrium studies were conducted for the widely used antiparasitics abamectin, doramectin, ivermectin, and moxidectin to add to the assessment of their environmental fate...Our derived K estimates also urge to re-assess this important regulatory parameter with contemporary techniques for all four substances. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12302-021-00513-y.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg., albendazole / Generic mfg.
    Enrollment open:  Efficacy and Safety of MOX/ALB Co-administration (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 8, 2021   
    P3,  N=282, Recruiting, 
    The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12302-021-00513-y. Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date, Trial initiation date, Trial primary completion date, Head-to-Head:  StrongMoxi_KH: Efficacy and Safety of Moxidectin Versus Ivermectin Against Strongyloides Stercoralis (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 6, 2021   
    P3,  N=350, Not yet recruiting, 
    Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting Trial completion date: Nov 2022 --> Aug 2022 | Initiation date: Jun 2021 --> Dec 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2021 --> Apr 2022
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep grazing in irrigated and dry areas in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 26, 2021   
    From each flock, 36 adult sheep were selected and divided into five groups (G1 (0.08% ivermectin), G2 (10% albendazole), G3 (5% levamisole), G4 (1% moxidectin), G5 (10% closantel) and one control group, G6)...The variables irrigated area (P = 0.002), intensive breeding (P = 0.018), uncovered enclosures (P = 0.05), cultivated (P = 0.043) and native/cultivated (P = 0.007) pastures, and rotational grazing (P = 0.013) were significantly associated with GIN infection; irrigated area (P = 0.009), semi-intensive breeding (P = 0.05), rotational grazing (P = 0.045), cultivated (P = 0.021) and native/cultivated (P = 0.04) pastures, and estimated weighing of animals (P = 0.002) were significantly associated with AR. Therefore, improved management practices and strategic deworming must be implemented to prevent the development of AR.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The Management of Scabies in the 21st Century: Past, Advances and Potentials. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 24, 2021   
    Management of scabies remains largely suboptimal from diagnosis to treatment, and progress in the development of new therapeutic measures leading to cure is urgently needed. This review gives an overview of the current limitations in the management of scabies, an update on recent advances, and outlines prospects for potential improvements.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  A case of a dog refractory to different treatments for pulmonary capillariasis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 23, 2021   
    Eighteen months after the first fecal examination, owner has brought in the dog for a routine visit; a coprological examination was requested and performed resulting negative for parasites. Veterinary practitioners, parasitologists, diagnostic laboratories, and dog owners need to be aware of the increased danger of possible treatment failure when attempting to control parasitic infections for which there are no approved anthelmintics with established efficacies available for use.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Differences within Churra breed sheep in the early immune response to the infection by Teladorsagia circumcincta. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 23, 2021   
    At the end of this infection, sheep were treated with moxidectin and infected again 3 weeks later to be slaughtered at day 7 pi...RG group showed a positive correlation between γδ T cells and eosinophils (r = 0.900; p = 0.037); however, this correlation was not found in SG. These results show that these two phenotypes show different early immune response pattern to T. circumcincta infection in Churra sheep.
  • ||||||||||  monepantel (PAA1) / Pharmaust
    Journal:  Multispecific resistance of sheep trichostrongylids in Austria. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 19, 2021   
    Anthelmintic overuse and failure to implement methods preventing the development and spread of anthelmintic resistance (AR) have led to an alarming increase of resistant ovine trichostrongylids worldwide...Overall, 33 treatment groups were formed: 11 groups were treated with benzimidazoles (fenbendazole and albendazole), 2 groups with avermectins (ivermectin, doramectin), 18 groups with moxidectin, and two groups with monepantel...Multispecific resistance of trichostrongylids in Austria seems to be on the rise and H. contortus was detected unexpectedly frequently in comparison to previous studies. There is an urgent need to develop efficient communication strategies aimed at improving the engagement of farmers and veterinarians in sustainable parasite control.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Biomarker, Journal:  Moxidectin toxicity to zebrafish embryos: Bioaccumulation and biomarker responses. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 16, 2021   
    MALDI-MSi revealed accumulations of the drug mainly in the head and eyes of the embryos (72 and 96 hpf). Thus, our results show that exposure to moxidectin decreases hatching success by 96 h and alters biochemical parameters in the early life stages of zebrafish while accumulating in the head and eye regions of the animals, demonstrating the need to prioritize this compound for environmental studies.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg., ivermectin oral / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Drugs that target early stages of Onchocerca volvulus: A revisited means to facilitate the elimination goals for onchocerciasis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 12, 2021   
    Prophylaxis of onchocerciasis is not a new concept. We present new data showing that these drugs can inhibit L3 molting and/or inhibit motility of L4 at IC50 and IC90 that are covered by the concentration of these drugs in plasma based on the corresponding pharmacological profiles obtained in human clinical trials when these drugs were tested using various doses for the therapeutic treatments of various helminth infections.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The Use of Molecular Profiling to Track Equine Reinfection Rates of Cyathostomin Species Following Anthelmintic Administration. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 3, 2021   
    Ivermectin (IVM) (n = 6), Moxidectin (MOX) (n = 8) or Pyrantel (PYR) (n = 8) were orally administered...The presence of seven species: Coronocyclus labiatus, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cyathostomum tetracanthum, Cylicocylus elongatus, Cylicodontophorus bicoronatus, Cylicostephanus minutus, and Cylicostephanus goldi were unaffected by treatment (p > 0.05) points to species-specific differences in dewormer sensitivity and environmental persistence. Identifying resistance patterns at the species level will enable mechanistic understandings of cyathostomin anthelmintic resistance and targeted approaches to control them.
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Dose-finding Study of Moxidectin for Treatment of Scabies (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 24, 2021   
    P2,  N=30, Recruiting, 
    The injectable formulation provides the advantage of having veterinarians able to administer, monitor, and assess the efficacy and condition of the dog throughout the treatment and post-treatment periods. Trial completion date: Jun 2021 --> Sep 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2021 --> Sep 2021
  • ||||||||||  moxidectin / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  A Novel Dual Drug Approach That Combines Ivermectin and Dihydromyricetin (DHM) to Reduce Alcohol Drinking and Preference in Mice. (Pubmed Central) -  May 13, 2021   
    Previously, we established that avermectin compounds (ivermectin [IVM] and moxidectin) reduce alcohol (ethanol/EtOH) consumption in mice, but these effects are limited by P-glycoprotein (Pgp/ABCB1) efflux...This combination supports our hypothesis that inhibiting Pgp improves the potency of IVM in reducing EtOH consumption. Collectively, we demonstrate the feasibility of this novel combinatorial approach in reducing EtOH consumption and illustrate the utility of DHM in a novel combinatorial approach.