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Review, Journal: Bipolar Disorder and Comorbid Use of Illicit Substances. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 6, 2021 Furthermore, the neuroprotective agent citicoline may reduce cocaine consumption in BD subjects...The very few available psychotherapeutic trials indicate no significant differences in outcomes between BD with or without SUD. Although SUD is one of the most important comorbidities in BD with a significant influence on clinical outcome, there is still a lack both of basic research and clinical trials, allowing for evidence-based and specific best practices.
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Preclinical, Journal: Protective effect of metformin on lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: An experimental study in rats. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 2, 2021 Our results in a large multicentric sample support the hypothesis that Li could exert neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects limiting pathological GM atrophy in key brain regions associated with BD. Metformin may help protect the kidneys from lithium-induced NDI through the AQP2 regulating effect and a reduction in oxidative stress.
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Clinical, Review, Journal: Lamotrigine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2021 Low- to moderate-certainty evidence collectively suggests that lamotrigine may be superior to placebo as a treatment modality for bipolar disorder. In comparison to lithium, people with bipolar disorder seem to tolerate lamotrigine better in the long run; however, the demonstrated efficacy in the maintenance of bipolar disorder was similar between the two groups.
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Preclinical, Journal: TPPU Pre-Treatment Rescues Dendritic Spine Loss and Alleviates Depressive Behaviours during the Latent Period in the Lithium Chloride-Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus Rat Model. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2021 Moreover, pre-treatment with TPPU attenuated inflammations including microglial gliosis and the level of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in the hippocampus; in addition, neuronal and dendritic spine loss in the subfields of hippocampus was selectively rescued, and the expression of NR1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, ERK1/2, CREB, and their phosphorylated forms involved in the dendritic spine development were all significantly increased. We concluded that pre-treatment with TPPU attenuated seizures severity during SE and depressive behaviours during the period of epileptogenesis probably by rescuing dendritic spine loss in the hippocampus.
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Preclinical, Journal: Safety and Efficacy of Combined Low-Dose Lithium and Low-Dose Aspirin: A Pharmacological and Behavioral Proof-of-Concept Study in Rats. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2021 Combined aspirin and LLD-Li resulted in a significant increase in sucrose consumption, and in the time spent in the open arms of an elevated plus-maze compared with the LLD-Li only group, suggestive of antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like effects, respectively. Thus, we demonstrate that low-dose aspirin mitigated the typical renal side effects of STD-Li dose and enhanced the beneficial behavioral effects of LLD-Li therapy without aggravating its toxicity.
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The Genetic Liability of Severe Mental Illness and Chronotype ([VIRTUAL]) - Nov 28, 2021 - Abstract #ACNP2021ACNP_1551; Collectively, these data suggest there is some evidence of shared genetic liability towards the development of severe mental illness, specifically SCZ, with chronotype (dimensional) and morningness (categorical) at the most stringent p value <0.01). While not meeting threshold for statistical significance, cellular rhythms assays of BD I subjects demonstrated some evidence of correlation between PRS for morningness and different parameters of circadian rhythm (period, phase), demonstrating the translational utility of cellular models to provide informative data of chronotype and morningness in corresponding clinical subjects.
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Plasma Cell-Free DNA Methylomics of Bipolar Disorder With and Without Rapid Cycling ([VIRTUAL]) - Nov 28, 2021 - Abstract #ACNP2021ACNP_1403; We found global differences in methylation profiles between BD rapid cyclers and non-rapid cyclers, four CpG sites with differential methylation levels between BD rapid cyclers and non-rapid cyclers at p < 1E-05 (not genome-wide significant), and significant enrichment in pathways related to neurons and synaptic functions among the top CpG sites that differed between the groups. To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of cfDNA methylomics as potential biomarkers for BD rapid cycling, thereby marking an example of cfDNA application in psychiatric diagnosis and providing insights into amelioration of rapid mood cycling in BD.
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Journal: Pharmacological augmentation in unipolar depression: a guide to the guidelines. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 25, 2021 This review provides a comprehensive overview of current pharmacological augmentation recommendations for major depression and will support clinicians in selecting appropriate treatment guidance. Although some variation can be accounted for by date of guideline publication, and limited evidence from clinical trials, there is a clear need for greater consistency across guidelines to ensure patients receive consistent evidence-based care.
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Biomarker, Journal: Drug repositioning for treatment-resistant depression: Hypotheses from a pharmacogenomic study. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 24, 2021 Interesting molecules included modulators of inflammation, renin-angiotensin system, proliferator-activated receptor agonists, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta inhibitors and the rho associated kinase inhibitor fasudil...This study suggested new potential treatments for TRD using a in silico approach. These analyses are exploratory only but can contribute to the identification of drugs to study in future clinical trials.
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Journal: Lithium exposure during pregnancy increases fetal growth. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 21, 2021 Lithium use during pregnancy was associated with increased fetal growth parameters at 18-22 weeks gestational age and increased birth weight. Further research is needed to evaluate both short- and long-term implications, as well as the mechanisms driving this difference in growth.
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Preclinical, Journal: In Vitro Effects of Lithium Carbonate on Cell Cycle, Apoptosis, and Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma-29 Cells. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 7, 2021 Induction of autophagy in HCC-29 cells was detected by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence staining. Thus, lithium carbonate produces an antitumor effect by arresting cell cycle in the G2/M-phase and induction of apoptosis and autophagy in HCC-29 cells, which confirms the lithium potential as a promising drug for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Clinical, Journal: Moderators of Treatment for Pediatric Bipolar Spectrum Disorders. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 5, 2021 One study found non-obese youth and those with comorbid attention deficit hyper-activity disorder respond better to risperidone than lithium...Replication of these possible moderators is needed for both pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy interventions before conclusive results can be determined. Examination of larger samples of youth with BPSD and longer duration follow-up are needed to clarify meaningful treatment moderators.
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Journal: Lithium influences whole-organism metabolic rate in Drosophila subobscura. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 4, 2021 In addition, lithium exposure was found to influence metabolism differently based on mtDNA haplotypes and sex. This preliminary research may have a range of biological implications for the role of mitochondrial variability in psychiatric disease and treatment by contributing to the understanding and predicting of the lithium treatment response and risk for toxic side effects.
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Journal: Entangled radicals may explain lithium effects on hyperactivity. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 4, 2021 It predicts a magnetic-field dependence of the effectiveness of lithium, which provides one potential experimental test of our hypothesis. Our findings show that Nature might harness quantum entanglement for the brain's cognitive processes.
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Clinical, Retrospective data, Journal: Bipolar episodes after reproductive events in women with bipolar I disorder, A study of 919 pregnancies. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 4, 2021 Our findings show that Nature might harness quantum entanglement for the brain's cognitive processes. Women with bipolar I disorder have a six times higher risk of an episode after delivery compared to during pregnancy, therefore preventive strategies are particularly important immediately after delivery.
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