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Preclinical, Journal: Tripterygium glycoside fraction n2: Alleviation of DSS-induced colitis by modulating immune homeostasis in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 1, 2019
Moreover, the attenuated TG-n2 has the similar therapeutic effect on treating experimental colitis in mice when compared to TG. Its mechanism may be related to activating the expression of Bax in T cells and inducing T cells autophagy to regulate the survival of T lymphocytes in colitis mice, thus reducing inflammation in colon.
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Journal: Is dextran sulfate sodium a good inducer of acute experimental enteritis? (Pubmed Central) - Aug 1, 2019
Meanwhile, as compared with the severe AEC models, the extent of inflammatory infiltration induced by 3%-5% DSS in AEE models was much milder. In conclusion, oral administration of 3%-5% DSS is a good inducer of AEC models, but not AEE models.
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Preclinical, Journal: Berberine Protects Mice Against Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Activating mTORC1 Pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 31, 2019
In addition, rapamycin was used to inhibit mTORC1 signaling, and it was found that colon length, disease associated index (DAI), and proportion of Treg cells of mice in the rapamycin-DSS group were not different from those of mice in the rapamycin/berberine-DSS group. Together, these results suggest that berberine exhibits significant protective effects against DSS colitis by activating the mTORC1 pathway to increase the proportion of Treg cells.
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Preclinical, Journal: Baicalein Inhibits Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Mouse Colitis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 31, 2019
Baicalein exhibited the synergistic effect on inhibition of COX-2 induced by DSS with curcumin, an ingredient of turmeric. Protective effects of baicalein on DSS-induced colitis are associated with suppression of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways, which may contribute to its cancer preventive effects on colon carcinogenesis.
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Journal: Purine metabolism controls innate lymphoid cell function and protects against intestinal injury. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 19, 2019
...In mice, blockade of ectonucleotidases (NTPDases), critical enzymes for purine metabolism by hydrolysis of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (eATP) into adenosine, exacerbates dextran-sulfate sodium-induced intestinal injury...Mechanistically, activation of ILC3s for IL-22 production is reciprocally mediated by eATP and adenosine. These findings reveal that the NTPDase-mediated balance between eATP and adenosine regulates ILC3 cell function to provide protection against intestinal injury and suggest potential therapeutic strategies for treating IBD by targeting the purine-ILC3 axis.
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Journal: Helicobacter pylori Colonization Protects Against Chronic Experimental Colitis by Regulating Th17/Treg Balance. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 19, 2019
...Chronic colitis was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment...pylori colonization protects against chronic DSS-induced colitis via balancing Th17/Treg responses and shifting macrophages toward anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Our results strengthen the rationale for gastric H. pylori colonization affecting the immune homeostasis of the colon.
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Preclinical, Journal: Aggravated gut inflammation in mice lacking the taste signaling protein α-gustducin. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 17, 2019
...In this study, we investigated the role of α-gustducin in regulation of gut mucosal immunity and inflammation using α-gustducin knockout mice in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD model...Our results show that the knockout mice had aggravated weight loss, diarrhea, intestinal bleeding, and inflammation over the experimental period compared to wild-type mice, concurrent with augmented immune cell infiltration and increased expression of TNF and IFN-γ but decreased expression of IL-13 and IL-5 in the colon. These results suggest that the taste receptor signaling pathway may play critical roles in regulating gut immune balance and inflammation.
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Preclinical, Journal: Maggot protein ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 17, 2019
In summary, treatment by maggot protein was able to improve not only the symptoms of colitis, but also microscopic inflammation in mice with DSS-induced colitis. This study may have implications for developing an effective therapeutic strategy for inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Journal, IO Biomarker: RORγt-Expressing Tregs Drive the Growth of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by Controlling IL6 in Dendritic Cells. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 13, 2019
...RORγtFoxP3 cells were investigated in human samples of CAC, and their phenotypic stability and function were investigated in an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium model of CAC using Treg fate-mapping reporter and Treg-specific RORγt conditional knockout mice...Finally, in vivo silencing of FoxO3 obtained by siRNA microinjection in the tumors of RORγt-deficient mice restored IL6 expression and tumor growth. These data demonstrate that RORγt expressed by tumor-infiltrating Tregs sustains tumor growth by leaving IL6 expression in DCs unchecked.
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Preclinical, Journal: Effect of VSL#3 and S.Boulardii on intestinal microbiota in mice with acute colitis (Pubmed Central) - Jul 12, 2019
C57BL/6J mice were administered with 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium for 5 consecutive days to develop the acute colitis model except for the blank control group...VSL#3 increases biodiversity of mucosal microbiota in mice with acute colitis,while it does not increase biodiversity of fecal microbiota. Genera such as Turicibacter and Odoribacter increase in mice with acute colitis, and these genera can be inhibited by VSL#3.
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Journal: The SOS Response Mediates Sustained Colonization of the Mammalian Gut. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2019
In contrast, in a germ-free model, the SOS-off mutant colonized with equal efficiency as the wild-type strain, suggesting that competing commensal organisms might be a significant source of genotoxic stress. This study extends our understanding of the importance of a functional SOS response for bacterial fitness in the context of a complex physiological environment and highlights the SOS response as a possible mechanism that contributes to ongoing genomic changes in the microbiome of healthy hosts.
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Journal: Avenanthramide A induces cellular senescence via miR-129-3p/Pirh2/p53 signaling pathway to suppress colon cancer growth. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2019
...In the current study, we revealed that AVN A notably attenuated tumor formation in an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS) mouse model...The Pirh2 silencing by miR-129-3p lead to a significant increase in protein levels of p53 and its downstream target p21, which subsequently induced cell senescence. Taken together, our data indicates that miR-129-3p/Pirh2/p53 is a critical signaling pathway in AVN A-induced cellular senescence and it could be a potential chemopreventive strategy for cancer treatment.
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Clinical, Journal: Therapeutic efficacy of a combined sage and bitter apple phytopharmaceutical in chronic DSS-induced colitis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 7, 2019
...We have studied the therapeutic potential of a phytopharmaceutical combining sage and bitter apple (SBA) in the mouse model of chronic dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis...Phytopharmaceuticals are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutics in IBD. Thus, based on the results from this study, SBA can be considered as an alternative or supplementary option for IBD therapy.
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Preclinical, Journal: Interleukin-6 drives neutrophil-mediated pulmonary inflammation associated with bacteraemia in murine models of colitis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 7, 2019
...We found increased neutrophil numbers in lung tissue associated with the pulmonary vasculature in both trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid- and dextran sulfate sodium-induced models of colitis...These data suggest that systemic bacteraemia and pyrexia drive IL-6 secretion, which is a critical driver for pulmonary manifestation of IBD. Targeting IL-6 may reduce neutrophil-associated extra-intestinal manifestations in IBD patients.
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Preclinical, Journal: Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced Chronic Colitis Attenuates Ca-activated ClSecretion in Murine Colon by Down-regulating TMEM16A. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 4, 2019
Western blot of potential CaCCs, quantified by densitometric analysis, demonstrated no change in bestrophin-2 (BEST2) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), while Anoctamin-1 (ANO1, TMEM16A) was significantly down-regulated (1.001 {plus minus} 0.13 vs. 0.510 {plus minus} 0.12, p < 0.05). Our findings indicate that decreased expression of TMEM16A in DSS-induced colitis contributes to the decreased Ca-activated Clsecretion in murine colon.
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Preclinical, Journal: Triticum aestivum Sprouts Extract Inhibits Azoymethane (AOM)/Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Mice. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 30, 2019
...In this study, the authors investigated the regulatory effects of T. aestivum sprouts ethanol extract (TAEE) on experimental colorectal carcinogenesis in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model...Furthermore, levels of β-catenin-related genes (cyclin D1 and c-Myc), which are known to contribute to cell cycle regulation, were decreased in the colon tissues of TAEE-treated mice versus AOM/DSS controls (p < 0.01). These results showed TAEE inhibited colon inflammation and neoplasm formation caused by AOM/DSS treatment, suggesting that TAEE could be useful for the prevention and treatment of colitis-associated colon cancer.
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Journal: Heat Shock Factor 1 Epigenetically Stimulates Glutaminase-1-Dependent mTOR Activation to Promote Colorectal Carcinogenesis. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 28, 2019
...Moreover, both chemical inhibition and genetic knockout of HSF1 succeeded in increasing MIR137 expression, reducing GLS1 expression, and alleviating colorectal tumorigenesis in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mice...By recruiting DNMT3a to suppress the expression of MIR137 that targets GLS1 mRNA, HSF1 stimulated GLS1-dependent mTOR activation to promote colorectal carcinogenesis. Therefore, targeting HSF1 to attenuate glutaminolysis and mTOR activation could be a promising approach for CRC treatment.
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Journal: Mkp-1 is required for chemopreventive activity of butylated hydroxyanisole and resveratrol against colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 26, 2019
...In an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium model of colitis-associated tumorigenesis, Mkp-1 mice exhibited a phenotype similar to Nrf2 mice with significantly more tumors than WT mice...In adenomas from WT mice, the expression of Mkp-1 was markedly lower than in adjacent normal tissue, concomitant with the down-regulation of Nrf2 and its target genes. Our data revealed that Mkp-1 is required in the protective role of Nrf2 signaling against colitis-associated tumorigenesis.
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Journal: ESE-1/ELF3 Is a Tumor Suppressor and Molecular Target of Green Tea Compound, EGCG (P05-009-19). (Pubmed Central) - Jun 23, 2019
...The formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) was examined in wild type and ESE-1/ELF3 knockout mice exposed to combination of azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)...These findings propose a novel and promising molecular target of dietary anti-cancer compounds for prevention of colon cancer. American Cancer Society.
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Journal: Gut Microbiota-mediated Anti-inflammatory Effects of Whole Strawberry: A Novel Mechanism to Inhibit Colitis (OR24-05-19). (Pubmed Central) - Jun 23, 2019
...Our previous research demonstrated that whole strawberry in the diet inhibited dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice...Overall our results demonstrated a novel anti-inflammation mechanism: whole strawberry alleviated microbiota dysbiosis, which in turn prevented colonic inflammation by inhibiting microbiota dysbiosis-induced accumulation of uric acid in the colon. This study was supported in part by USDA and NIH.
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Preclinical, Journal: Anti-inflammatory Effects of Cinnamon Extracts on an Animal Model of Intestinal Inflammation (P06-088-19). (Pubmed Central) - Jun 23, 2019
This study investigated the potential effect of cinnamon extracts on anti-inflammatory action and maintenance of gut barrier integrity in murine colitis, using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced BALB/c mice...This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries(IPET) through High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA)(Project No. 116,012-3).
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Biomarker, P2 data, Journal: Moringa Oleifera Leaves Induced Antioxidant and Phase II Enzymes in a Colitis-associated Colon Carcinogenesis Model (P06-053-19). (Pubmed Central) - Jun 23, 2019
...G1: Healthy control; G2: Positive control induced with azoxymethane (AOM, 10 mg/Kg body weight, intraperitoneal injection) and three cycles of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 1.5% in drinking water); groups G3, G4, G5 were induced with AOM/DSS and supplemented with 5, 10 and 20% of MO, respectively...The results of this study provide in vivo evidence that MO attenuates the colitis-associated colon cancer in mice through the induction of antioxidant and phase II enzymes as well as the decrease of biomarkers of oxidative stress in the liver and colon. This study was supported by Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (FOFI project) and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
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Journal, IO Biomarker: Macrophage/microglial Ezh2 facilitates autoimmune inflammation through inhibition of Socs3. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 20, 2019
...In this study, we identified that macrophage/microglial H3K27me3 or Ezh2, rather than functioning as a repressor, mediates toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced proinflammatory gene expression, and therefore Ezh2 depletion diminishes macrophage/microglial activation and attenuates the autoimmune inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis...The functional dependence of Ezh2 for Socs3 is further illustrated by the rescue experiments in which silencing of Socs3 restores macrophage activation and rescues autoimmune inflammation in macrophage/microglial-deficient mice. Together, these findings establish Ezh2 as a macrophage lineage-specific mediator of autoimmune inflammation and highlight a previously unknown mechanism of Ezh2 function.
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Preclinical, Journal: Protective Effect of Naringin on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 19, 2019
...In the present study, our objective was to explore the potential effect of naringin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced UC in mice and its involved potential mechanism...Tight junction (TJ) architecture in naringin groups was also maintained by regulating zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression. These results suggested that naringin may be a potential natural agent for protecting mice from DSS-induced UC.
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Preclinical, Journal: Protective effects of a novel probiotic strain, Lactococcus lactis ML2018, in colitis: in vivo and in vitro evidence. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 17, 2019
...The in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of L. lactis ML2018 were evaluated using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced animal model of colitis...Moreover, L. lactis ML2018 could prevent inflammation by inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. These data suggest that L. lactis ML2018 could have therapeutic potential for treating IBDs.
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Preclinical, Journal: Oral Escherichia coli expressing IL-35 meliorates experimental colitis in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 15, 2019
Our study showed that E. coli/IL-35 as a novel oral IL-35 delivery system alleviated inflammatory damage of colonic tissue in the colitic mice. Genetic therapeutic strategies using engineered E. coli encoding immunoregulatory cytokines may provide a potential approach for the treatment of IBD.
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Journal: Delivery of Novel Vancomycin Nanoplexes for Combating Methicillin Resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infections. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 15, 2019
Flow-cytometric analysis showed effective cell killing of 67 % from VCM nanoplexes compared to 32.98 % from the bare vancomycin at the minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 1.25 μg/mL.The in vivo studies using BALB/c mouse skin infection model revealed that nanoplexes reduced MRSA burden by 2.3-folds compared to bare VCM. The novel nanoplexes have potential to be a promising delivery system to combat MRSA infections for improved treatment of bacterial infections.
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Preclinical, Journal: Alginate/chitosan microcapsules for in-situ delivery of the protein, Interleukin-1 Receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), for the treatment of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a mouse model. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 15, 2019
DAI evaluation, colon length, colon tissue morphology, histologic damage scores and relative protein concentrations (MPO, TNF-α and IL-1β) demonstrated that the Alg/Chi/IL-1Ra microcapsules alleviated DSS-induced colitis in mice. The present study thus demonstrates a practical means of oral delivery of proteins, in-situ colon release, and a promising application of IL-1Ra in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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