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  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Effect of the H-antihistamine clemastine on PACAP38 induced migraine. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 16, 2020   
    We found no difference in area under the curve 180 min for tryptase ( p = 0.525) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( p = 0.487) between clemastine and placebo pretreatment days. Conclusion H-antihistamine, clemastine, failed to prevent migraine or headache after pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38 infusion, thus making a role for histamine release or mast cell degranulation in pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide-38-induced migraine less likely.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Imaging correlates of visual function in multiple sclerosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 1, 2020   
    We assessed baseline data from fifty MS patients enrolled in ReBUILD, a prospective trial assessing the effect of a remyelinating drug (clemastine)...In those patients with an identified history of ON, however, putative myelin measures also showed correlation with visual performance. In the absence of clinically identifiable inflammatory episodes, residual disability correlates with neurodegeneration, whereas after an identifiable exacerbation, putative measures of myelin content are additionally informative.
  • ||||||||||  dimethyl fumarate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Gsta4 controls apoptosis of differentiating adult oligodendrocytes during homeostasis and remyelination via the mitochondria-associated Fas-Casp8-Bid-axis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 9, 2020   
    In addition, we identify Gsta4 as a target of both dimethyl fumarate, an existing MS therapy, and clemastine fumarate, a candidate remyelinating agent in MS...The Gsta4 effect on apoptosis during adult OL differentiation was corroborated in vivo in both lysolecithin-induced demyelination and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models, where Casp8 activity was reduced in Gsta4-overexpressing OLs. Our results identify Gsta4 as an intrinsic regulator of OL differentiation, survival and remyelination, as well as a potential target for future reparative MS therapies.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Myelin degeneration and diminished myelin renewal contribute to age-related deficits in memory. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 8, 2020   
    We show that myelination is highly active in young mice and greatly inhibited in aged mice, coinciding with spatial memory deficits. Inhibiting myelination by deletion of Olig2 in oligodendrocyte precursor cells impairs spatial memory in young mice, while enhancing myelination by deleting the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 1 in oligodendrocyte precursor cells, or promoting oligodendroglial differentiation and myelination via clemastine treatment, rescues spatial memory decline during aging.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Preservation of a remote fear memory requires new myelin formation. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 8, 2020   
    Finally, we demonstrate that pharmacological induction of new myelin formation with clemastine fumarate improves remote memory recall and promotes fear generalization. Thus, bidirectional manipulation of myelin plasticity functionally affects behavior and neurophysiology, which suggests that neural activity during fear learning instructs the formation of new myelin, which in turn supports the consolidation and/or retrieval of remote fear memories.
  • ||||||||||  dexamethasone / Generic mfg., clemastine / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion, Enrollment change, Head-to-Head:  Effectiveness of Clemastine Fumarate + Dexamethasone Compared to Dexchlorpheniramine Maleate in Eczema Treatment (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 7, 2020   
    P3,  N=310, Completed, 
    Thus, bidirectional manipulation of myelin plasticity functionally affects behavior and neurophysiology, which suggests that neural activity during fear learning instructs the formation of new myelin, which in turn supports the consolidation and/or retrieval of remote fear memories. Recruiting --> Completed | N=30 --> 310
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Plasmodium chaperonin TRiC/CCT identified as a target of the antihistamine clemastine using parallel chemoproteomic strategy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 5, 2020   
    This clemastine-induced disruption of TRiC function is not observed in human host cells, demonstrating a species selectivity required for targeting an intracellular human pathogen. Our findings encourage larger efforts to apply chemoproteomic methods to assist in target identification of antimalarial drugs and highlight the potential to selectively target Plasmodium TRiC-mediated protein folding for malaria intervention.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Severe pain and skin discolouration after injection: Nicolau syndrome, a rare complication (Pubmed Central) -  May 31, 2020   
    CASE DESCRIPTION A 33-year-old man experienced intense pain in his forearm immediately after administration of clemastine through a Venflon in his elbow crease...Preventing or minimising tissue necrosis is essential and attention should be paid to pain relief. Proper injection methods can prevent the occurrence of this syndrome.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Potentiation of P2RX7 as a host-directed strategy for control of mycobacterial infection. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 12, 2020   
    Thus, targeted activation of a P2RX7 axis provides a novel strategy for enhanced control of mycobacterial infections. Using a novel explant model, we find that clemastine is also effective within the complex granulomas that are the hallmark of mycobacterial infection.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Journal:  Kappa opioid receptor and oligodendrocyte remyelination. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 29, 2020   
    Recent findings indicate that the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), plays an important role in regulating oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. In this chapter, we reviewed (1) current knowledge of the functional importance of remyelination in demyelination diseases; (2) the opioids that can alter oligodendroglial proliferation and differentiation; (3) the endogenous KOR signaling in regulating oligodendrocyte myelination.
  • ||||||||||  clemastine / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Assessment of Clemastine Fumarate as a Remyelinating Agent in Acute Optic Neuritis (ReCOVER) (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 28, 2020   
    P2,  N=90, Recruiting, 
    These results suggested that CLE can attenuate MIRI by activating the TLR4/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Trial completion date: Jan 2021 --> Jan 2022 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2020 --> Aug 2021
  • ||||||||||  clemastine / GSK
    Clemastine is an important inhibitor of Plasmodium parasite development (Exhibit Hall A, Pennsylvania Convention Center) -  Feb 13, 2020 - Abstract #ACSSp2020ACS_Sp_6404;    
    Overall, our study highlights selective targeting of Plasmodium TRiC protein-folding as a safe therapeutic strategy in controlling Plasmodium development. Further studies of pre-approved, dual-stage inhibitors like clemastine can reveal novel targets within Plasmodium in order to combat malaria.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Trial completion, Trial completion date, Surgery:  Clemastine in Cardiovascular Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jan 13, 2020   
    P=N/A,  N=100, Completed, 
    Further studies of pre-approved, dual-stage inhibitors like clemastine can reveal novel targets within Plasmodium in order to combat malaria. Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Aug 2019 --> Jan 2020
  • ||||||||||  clemastine / GSK
    Journal:  Multimodal Enhancement of Remyelination by Exercise with a Pivotal Role for Oligodendroglial PGC1α. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 21, 2019   
    Finally, exercise works in parallel with the remyelinating medication clemastine to produce complete remyelination of lesions. Our study demonstrates physical activity as an integrative means to enhance remyelination and details a multimodal mechanism including the pivotal PGC1α-dependent enhancement of myelin thickness.
  • ||||||||||  clemastine / GSK
    Journal:  Clemastine fumarate for promotion of optic nerve remyelination. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 6, 2019   
    Our study demonstrates physical activity as an integrative means to enhance remyelination and details a multimodal mechanism including the pivotal PGC1α-dependent enhancement of myelin thickness. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  Acular (ketorolac ophthalmic) / Allergan, Grünenthal GmbH, clemastine / GSK
    Journal:  Chlorhexidine anaphylaxis in a perioperative context: diagnosis and management (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 25, 2019   
    At 15 minutes, the patient experienced bilateral angioedema of the eyelids and a sensation of breathlessness, and oxygen was therefore administered, as well as 2 mg intravenous clemastine, 5 mg intravenous ranitidine and 20 µg subcutaneous adrenaline...Perioperative anaphylaxis is a rare, but potentially fatal event. Proper identification of the drug or substance responsible for the reaction by using allergy tests decreases unnecessary pharmacological restrictions and avoids re-exposure.
  • ||||||||||  Tamoxis (tamoxifen) / Bioprofarma, clemastine / GSK
    Emopamil binding protein inhibition as a remyelination therapy for Multiple Sclerosis (Poster Exhibition) -  Aug 28, 2019 - Abstract #ECTRIMS2019ECTRIMS_1569;    
    Extensive target validation data supports EBP as viable target for a remyelination therapy in MS. Identification of novel, selective and safe small molecules inhibitors of EBP will allow for development of efficacious remyelination therapies conjunctive with existent immunomodulators.
  • ||||||||||  clemastine / GSK
    Preclinical, Journal:  Clemastine effects in rat models of a myelination disorder. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 15, 2019   
    Further studies are necessary to determine whether clemastine bears a therapeutic potential in milder forms of PMD.Pediatric Research accepted article preview online, 27 March 2018. doi:10.1038/pr.2018.45.
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Enrollment closed, Surgery:  Clemastine in Cardiovascular Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Aug 4, 2019   
    P=N/A,  N=100, Active, not recruiting, 
    doi:10.1038/pr.2018.45. Not yet recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
  • ||||||||||  GSK239512 / GSK, opicinumab (BIIB033) / Biogen, clemastine / GSK
    Review, Journal:  Approaches to Remyelination Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 30, 2019   
    To date, no therapies have led to robust remyelination. Future efforts to promote remyelination will likely require a combination of these mechanistic strategies.
  • ||||||||||  Biomarker, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Targeting Residual Activity By Precision, Biomarker-Guided Combination Therapies of Multiple Sclerosis (TRAP-MS) (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Apr 7, 2019   
    P1/2,  N=250, Recruiting, 
    Our study provides molecular and cellular evidence for myelination deficits in WS linked to neuronal deletion of Gtf2i. Trial completion date: Jun 2030 --> Jan 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2030 --> Jan 2025
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    New trial, Surgery:  Clemastine in Cardiovascular Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Feb 1, 2019   
    P=N/A,  N=100, Not yet recruiting, 
  • ||||||||||  clemastine / Generic mfg.
    Enrollment change, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Assessment of Clemastine Fumarate as a Remyelinating Agent in Acute Optic Neuritis (ReCOVER) (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Nov 14, 2018   
    P2,  N=90, Recruiting, 
    Trial completion date: Jun 2030 --> Jan 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2030 --> Jan 2025 N=30 --> 90 | Trial completion date: Jan 2020 --> Jan 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2019 --> Aug 2020
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Enrollment closed:  Effect of Clemastine Fumarate on Color Vision in Healthy Controls (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Aug 17, 2016   
    P1,  N=20, Active, not recruiting, 
    Active, not recruiting --> Completed Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Enrollment open, Trial initiation date, Trial primary completion date:  Effect of Clemastine Fumarate on Color Vision in Healthy Controls (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 13, 2016   
    P1,  N=20, Recruiting, 
    Initiation date: Oct 2015 --> Aug 2016 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2017 --> Aug 2017 Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Initiation date: Nov 2015 --> Apr 2016 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2016 --> Jul 2016
  • ||||||||||  Tavegil (clemastine) / GSK
    Enrollment closed, Trial primary completion date:  ReBUILD: Assessment of Clemastine Fumarate as a Remyelinating Agent in Multiple Sclerosis (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 21, 2015   
    P2,  N=50, Active, not recruiting, 
    Active, not recruiting --> Completed Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2014 --> Sep 2015