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114 Diseases |  |
151 Trials |
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151 Trials |  |
5480 News |  |
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- || ciprofloxacin oral / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Lysins as a powerful alternative to combat Bacillus anthracis. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 8, 2024
Anthrax can be treated with antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, penicillin, doxycycline); however, their administration may take up even to 60 days, and different factors can compromise their effectiveness.
- || Review, Journal: Postsurgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum After Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty: Case With Review of Diagnostic and Management Strategies. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 7, 2024
Our patient recovered from PSPG without further complications and a satisfactory aesthetic result. This unique case highlights the importance of prompt dermatological consultation, immunosuppression, and avoidance of further pathergy in the setting of suspicion for PSPG.
- | rifampicin / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg., ceftazidime / Generic mfg.
Journal, Polymerase Chain Reaction: Real-time polymerase chain reaction detection and surgical treatment of thoracic and lumbar spondylitis due to Brucella infection: two typical case reports. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 6, 2024
Surgical treatment helps in infection control, decompression of the spinal cord, and restoration of stability, constituting a necessary and effective therapeutic approach. Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive management are crucial for favorable outcomes in such cases.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal, Adherence: Doxycycline adherence for the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 5, 2024
Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive management are crucial for favorable outcomes in such cases. For patients with a positive chlamydia infection who were discharged from the ED on doxycycline, an 18% non-adherence rate was found and a 3.6-fold higher likelihood of returning to the ED with the same chief complaint if the prescription was not picked up.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: BRAFV600E Promotes Anchorage-Independent Growth but Inhibits Anchorage-Dependent Growth in hTERT / Cdk4-Immortalized Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 5, 2024
We established an HBEC3 cell line, designated as HBEC3-BIN, that expresses mutant BRAFV600E in a doxycycline-regulated manner...This contrast may result from differences in activation signaling in the downstream pathways. Furthermore, HBEC3 cells appear to be inherently resistant to OIS, which may be partly due to the fact that p21 remains localized in the cytoplasm upon expression of BRAFV600E or KRASV12.
- ||| doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Clinical guideline, Journal: CDC Clinical Guidelines on the Use of Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis for Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention, United States, 2024. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 4, 2024
Ongoing need for doxy PEP should be assessed every 3-6 months as well. HIV screening should be performed for HIV-negative MSM and TGW according to current recommendations.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Antibacterial and Osteogenic Doxycycline Imprinted Bioglass Microspheres to Combat Bone Infection. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 3, 2024
Overall, the findings demonstrate the significant potential of DOX-imprinted BGMs for use in bone defects. Nonetheless, further in vitro investigations and subsequent in vivo experiments are warranted to advance this research.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Generation of three isogenic gene-edited Huntington's disease human embryonic stem cell lines with DOX-inducible NGN2 expression cassette in the AAVS1 safe locus. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 1, 2024
These IsoHDs were modified using CRISPR/Cas9 to insert NGN2 under the TET-ON doxycycline inducible promoter. The resulting IsoHD-NGN2 cell lines retained pluripotency in the absence of doxycycline (DOX), and via addition of DOX to the culturing media differentiation to neurons was achieved within 14
- doxycycline / Generic mfg., azithromycin / Generic mfg.
The comparison of outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia treated azithromycin or doxycycline in combination with beta-lactams: A cohort study (PS-25; Poster board no. 18) - May 31, 2024 - Abstract #ERS2024ERS_5027;
AZM was independently associated with a lower risk of AKI than DOX (aOR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61, 0.96). Conclusion Our results suggest a potential association between improved outcomes in CAP patients treated with AZM compared to DOX when combined with BL.
- doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Investigating the important factors influencing long-term doxycycline responsiveness in COPD (PS-10; Poster board no. 2) - May 31, 2024 - Abstract #ERS2024ERS_4706;
Conclusion Our results suggest a potential association between improved outcomes in CAP patients treated with AZM compared to DOX when combined with BL. Doxycycline-responsive and non-responsive COPD patients might belong to distinct phenotypes with specific discriminatory factors.
- doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Evaluating the impact of short-chain fatty acids on lung cell physiology and antibiotic susceptibility of respiratory pathogens in COPD (PS-23; Poster board no. 10) - May 31, 2024 - Abstract #ERS2024ERS_4139;
Doxycycline-responsive and non-responsive COPD patients might belong to distinct phenotypes with specific discriminatory factors. SCFAs may influence the pathophysiology of COPD by decreasing doxycycline activity against pathogens and by exerting cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects towards host cells.
- doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Prognostic biochemical biomarkers to predict response to pleurodesis or indwelling pleural catheter for malignant pleural effusion - a scoping review (PS-28; Poster board no. 5) - May 31, 2024 - Abstract #ERS2024ERS_3372;
We identified 11 studies (total n = 1466 patients), all on pleurodesis with talc or doxycycline. There is a scarcity in quantity and quality of data on fluid biomarkers to predict treatment response to definite pleural procedures for malignant pleural effusion.
- ciprofloxacin oral / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Epidemiology, microbiological characteristics and risk factors of non-tuberculous mycobacterial respiratory infections in adult patients with cystic fibrosis (PS-23; Poster board no. 4) - May 31, 2024 - Abstract #ERS2024ERS_3268;
The results demonstrate an increased prevalence of NTM in the Hungarian adult CF population and a high rate of multidrug-resistant MABSC isolates in their sputum. Patients with significantly impaired lung function and previous respiratory mycobacteriosis are at a higher risk of acquiring NTM airway colonisation.
- Betadine (povidone iodine) / Egis
Pneumothorax essentials: insights into causes and care (PS-1; Poster board no. 6) - May 31, 2024 - Abstract #ERS2024ERS_1993;
Conclusion- In conclusion, our study highlights Tuberculosis and COPD as significant causes of pneumothorax in a developing country with Post Tb Sequalae also being an important contributor. Alongside interventions like pleurodesis, prompt recognition and tailored treatments are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Development and assessment of an immobilized bacterial alliance that efficiently degrades tylosin in wastewater. (Pubmed Central) - May 31, 2024
In a wastewater application, the immobilized bacterial alliance degraded 67.0% TYL in 9 d. There were significant advantages for the immobilized bacterial alliance at pH 5 or 9, with 20 or 40 g/L NaCl, or with 10 or 50 mg/L doxycycline. In summary, in this study, a bacterial consortium with TYL degradation ability was constructed using PVA-SA-AC as an immobilized carrier, and the application effect was evaluated on farm wastewater with a view to providing application guidance in environmental remediation.
- levofloxacin / Generic mfg., rifampicin / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg.
PECULIARITIES OF BRUCELLIAN OSTEOARTICULAR INFECTIONS () - May 29, 2024 - Abstract #EULAR2024EULAR_4484;
Early diagnosis helps limit complications and after-effects. Primary prevention by controlling animal brucellosis is essential.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Controlled cell proliferation and immortalization of human dental pulp stem cells with a doxycycline-inducible expression system. (Pubmed Central) - May 29, 2024
Moreover, Tet-off K4DT cells had no observable genomic aberrations and also displayed a sustained expression of stem cell markers even at relatively advanced passages. Taken together, the establishment of this new cell line holds immense promise as powerful experimental tool for both fundamental and applied research involving dental pulp stem cells.
- | tetracycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Quantitative determination of tetracyclines in medicated feed for food-producing animals by HPLC-DAD. (Pubmed Central) - May 28, 2024
The reported method underwent in-house validation and was found to be suitable for the quantification of three target tetracyclines within the concentration range of 40-1000?mg kg-1 in official routine analysis. The method was applied to 103 official samples in the framework of the Italian National Plan on animal feed during the years 2021-2023 and nine non-compliant concentrations were identified in swine and fish feed samples.
- | hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: The Prognostic Value of Serology in Persistent Q Fever Infection. (Pubmed Central) - May 28, 2024
Positive phase 2 IgM after one year of therapy correlated with clinical failure (p?=?0.038), but not at EOT or after EOT. Phase 1 IgG levels at presentation, phase 2 IgM at 1 year, and Phase 1 IgG 6-12 months after EOT were associated with clinical failure in patients with persistent Q fever.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Doxycycline inhibits neurotropic enterovirus proliferation in vitro. (Pubmed Central) - May 27, 2024
Further investigations indicated that the drug primarily acted at the post-entry stage of virus infection in vitro, with inhibitory effects reaching up to 89% for EV-A71 when administered two hours post-infection. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of antiviral drugs against EV infections.
- | clindamycin phosphate / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg., moxifloxacin intravenous / Generic mfg.
Journal: Phylogenomic analyses of multidrug resistant Corynebacterium striatum strains isolated from patients in a tertiary care hospital in the UK. (Pubmed Central) - May 27, 2024
These strains are equipped with several corynebacterial virulence genes including two SpaDEF-type and a novel pilus gene cluster, which needs further molecular characterisation. This study highlights a need of developing an active surveillance strategy for routine monitoring and preventing potential cross-transmission among susceptible patients.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Histologic Assessment of a Fast-Set Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Two Novel Antibacterial-Enhanced Fast-Set MTAs for Apexification and Periapical Healing of Teeth With Incomplete Root Formation in a Rat Model: An In Vivo Animal Study. (Pubmed Central) - May 27, 2024
Conclusion Novel modified MTA formulations, particularly those enhanced with metronidazole or doxycycline, exhibit superior antibacterial efficacy and calcific barrier formation compared to conventional MTA. Further long-term studies are warranted to validate these findings for potential clinical translation.
- | Journal: Assessment of the Safety and Probiotic Properties of Enterococcus faecium B13 Isolated from Fermented Chili. (Pubmed Central) - May 25, 2024
After 28 days of feeding, B13 did not remarkable change the ?-diversity of the gut flora or increase the virulence genes. Our study demonstrated that E. faecium B13 may be used as a probiotic candidate.
- | Journal: Isolation, Identification, Genomic Diversity, and Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis of Streptococcus suis in Hubei Province of China from 2021 to 2023. (Pubmed Central) - May 25, 2024
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all strains showed sensitivity to vancomycin and lincomycin but resistance to tilmicosin, tiamulin, amoxicillin, and doxycycline. This study contributes to our understanding of the genomic diversity of S. suis in Hubei Province of China, providing essential data for the comprehensive prevention and control of S. suis infections in China.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg., amoxycillin/clavulanate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Online-Assisted Survey on Antibiotic Use by Pet Owners in Dogs and Cats. (Pubmed Central) - May 24, 2024
First-line antibiotics were used significantly more often than critically important antibiotics. The majority of animal owners show awareness for avoidance of antibiotic resistance and the use of critically important antibiotics.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg., tetracycline / Generic mfg., piperacillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: First Insights on Resistance and Virulence Potential of Escherichia coli from Captive Birds of Prey in Portugal. (Pubmed Central) - May 24, 2024
The isolates presented high resistance rates towards piperacillin (42%), tetracycline (33%), and doxycycline (30%), and 6% of the isolates were able to produce ESBLs. The results confirm the importance of these birds as reservoirs of virulence and resistance determinants that can be disseminated between wildlife and humans, stressing the need for more studies focusing on these animals.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: mNGS helped diagnose scrub typhus-associated HLH in children: a report of two cases. (Pubmed Central) - May 24, 2024
Subsequently, they both were treated with doxycycline and recovered quickly. The unbiased mNGS provided a clinically actionable diagnosis for an uncommon pathogen-associated infectious disease that had previously evaded conventional diagnostic approaches.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Comparison of Empiric Antibiotic Treatment Regimens for Hospitalized, Non-severe Community-acquired Pneumonia: A Retrospective, Multicenter Cohort Study. (Pubmed Central) - May 23, 2024
We observed no differences in clinical or safety outcomes among three guideline-recommended empiric CAP regimens. Empiric doxycycline + ?-lactam may be a safe empiric regimen for hospitalized CAP patients with non-severe CAP, although additional research is needed to corroborate these observations with larger samples.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg., tetracycline / Generic mfg., gentamicin sulfate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Bacitracin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Induced in Chicken Gut and in vitro under Bacitracin Exposure. (Pubmed Central) - May 22, 2024
It was found that BacA may play a key role in the bacitracin resistance of S. aureus. In conclusion, this work reveals the characteristics and mechanism of bacitracin-resistant S. aureus induced by bacitracin in vivo and in vitro respectively.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: The transcription factor bmi1 increases hypoxic signaling in oral cavity epithelia. (Pubmed Central) - May 21, 2024
We previously developed a transgenic mouse model (KrTB) containing a doxycycline- (dox) controlled, Tet-responsive element system to selectively overexpress Bmi1 in the tongue basal epithelial SCs...Finally, using a human oral keratinocyte line (OKF6-TERT1R), we showed that ectopic Bmi1 overexpression decreases the oxygen consumption rate while increasing the extracellular acidification rate, indicative of elevated glycolysis. Thus, our data demonstrate that high Bmi1 expression drives hypoxic signaling, including metabolic reprogramming, in normal oral cavity epithelia.
- | Journal: Prevalence and antibiotic resistance in bacterial isolates of dogs with ulcerative keratitis in S (Pubmed Central) - May 20, 2024
There is a high-rate multidrug resistance associated with canine ulcerative keratitis. Nevertheless, these strains exhibited sensitivity to antimicrobials commonly used in veterinary ophthalmology.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Actinomycosis presenting as a nasopharyngeal mass: A case report. (Pubmed Central) - May 19, 2024
Nasopharyngoscopy revealed the presence of a smooth-surfaced mass. Subsequent biopsy, clinical imaging, microbiological analysis, and histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of actinomycosis.Following a comprehensive treatment plan involving a combination of penicillin and doxycycline for a duration of two months, the disease was successfully eradicated.
- | amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: No evidence of difference in mortality with amoxicillin versus co-amoxiclav for hospital treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. (Pubmed Central) - May 19, 2024
There was no evidence of co-amoxiclav being advantageous over amoxicillin for treatment of CAP in 30-day mortality at a population-level, regardless of disease severity. Wider use of narrow-spectrum empirical treatment of moderate/severe CAP should be considered to curb potential for AMR.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: The case of Mediterranean spotted fever of the traveler returned from Zambia. (Pubmed Central) - May 18, 2024
The patient improved with 10-day treatment of oral doxycycline...Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, the vector of the Rickettsia conorii conorii, has been found in various areas of Zambia. Our case report highlights the potential threat of Mediterranean spotted fever in urban areas of Zambia.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg., tetracycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Conditional loss of CaMKK2 in Osterix-positive osteoprogenitors enhances osteoblast function in a sex-divergent manner. (Pubmed Central) - May 18, 2024
Notably, alterations in trabecular and cortical bone mass were absent in the doxycycline-removed "Cre-only" Osx1-GFP::Cre mice. Thus, the increase in osteoblast function at the trabecular and cortical bone surfaces following the conditional deletion of CaMKK2 in osteoprogenitors is indicative of a direct but sex-divergent role for the kinase in osteoblasts.
- | clindamycin phosphate / Generic mfg., doxycycline / Generic mfg., erythromycin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Biofilm of Cutibacterium acnes: a target of different active substances. (Pubmed Central) - May 18, 2024
These findings support the hypothesis that the different C. acnes phylotypes have various aptitudes in forming biofilms. They also suggest that myrtle extract is a promising alternative as an anti-biofilm and antibacterial agent in fighting diseases caused by planktonic and biofilm C. acnes.
- Antibiotic Associated Acquired Hemophilia: Analysis of FAERS database (Exhibition Hall) - May 17, 2024 - Abstract #ISTH2024ISTH_1709;
The top 5 antibiotics were Ciprofloxacin (24 cases), Levofloxacin (24 cases), Doxycycline (24 cases), Ceftriaxone (23 cases), and Amoxicillin (18 cases). The top 5 antibiotics ranked by signal strength were Ceftriaxone (ROR 43.3, 95%CI 28.9-64.9), Doxycycline (ROR 23.2, 95%CI 15.1-35.7), Cefuroxime (ROR 19.4 95%CI 10.7-35.2), Piperacillin/ Tazobactam (ROR 11.0 95%CI 6.0-20.0), and Amoxicillin (ROR 10.8 95%CI 7.0-16.6).
- | tetracycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Priority establishment of soil bacteria in rhizosphere limited the spread of tetracycline resistance genes from pig manure to soil-plant systems based on synthetic communities approach. (Pubmed Central) - May 17, 2024
Furthermore, doxycycline stress promoted the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of the conjugative resistance plasmid RP4 within the SynCom in A. thaliana by upregulating the expression of HGT-related mRNAs. Therefore, this study provides evidence for the dissemination pathways of ARGs in agricultural systems through the invasion of manure-derived bacteria and HGT by conjugative resistance plasmids and demonstrates that the priority establishment of soil bacteria in the rhizosphere limited the spread of TRGs from pig manure to soil-plant systems.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Inhibitory effect of doxycycline conjugated with deoxycholic acid and polyethylenimine conjugate on nasal fibroblast differentiation and extracellular production. (Pubmed Central) - May 16, 2024
Although initially developed for the delivery of genetic materials or drugs, DA3 exhibits inhibitory effects on myofibroblast differentiation and ECM production. Therefore, it holds therapeutic potential for CRS, and a synergistic effect can be expected when loaded with CRS treatment drugs.
- || Review, Journal: The dark side of drug repurposing. From clinical trial challenges to antimicrobial resistance: analysis based on three major fields. (Pubmed Central) - May 16, 2024
In order to effectively repurpose drugs, it is crucial to consider the clinical implications and potential drawbacks that may arise during this process. By comprehensively analyzing these challenges, we can attain a deeper comprehension of the intricacies involved in drug repurposing, which will ultimately lead to the development of more efficacious and safe therapeutic approaches.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg., tetracycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Community coalescence and plant host filtering determine the spread of tetracycline resistance genes from pig manure into the microbiome continuum of the soil-plant system. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2024
Our findings revealed that community coalescence is the main driver of TRG spread from manure to the soil and root microbiomes. Plant host filtering effects play a crucial role in allowing certain microbial groups to occupy ecological niches in the leaves, thereby limiting the establishment of manure-borne TRGs in aboveground plant tissues.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Doxycycline-Mediated Inhibition of Snake Venom Phospholipase and Metalloproteinase. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2024
Studies into high-dose doxycycline safety and its effectiveness against several snake species is needed to fully translate its use into humans. Based on this work, doxycycline could be used as a treatment en route to higher echelons of care, providing protection from muscle damage and reducing lethality in different snake species.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg., azithromycin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Typing of Treponema pallidum in a Brazilian sample and follow-up of treatment using molecular assays. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2024
Notably, qPCR demonstrated its potential for diagnosing T. pallidum in blood samples, even when the treponemal DNA levels were low, enabling more accurate and sensitive diagnosis and guiding better syphilis therapy. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first identification of subtype 14 e/g and azithromycin resistance in a Brazilian T. pallidum isolate.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Flaxseed Mucilage/Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose and Sodium Alginate/Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Bilayer Film as a Promising Drug Carrier for Periodontal Treatment. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2024
The primary layer (D) was prepared with flaxseed and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose composite to sustain the release of doxycycline hyclate...In the current study, bilayers were successfully prepared and characterized. The optimized formulation can be effectively used for the treatment of periodontitis.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg., minocycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: A Case of Angioedema to Oral Doxycycline and Cross-Reactivity to Minocycline. (Pubmed Central) - May 14, 2024
The optimized formulation can be effectively used for the treatment of periodontitis. No abstract available
- | Journal: Phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance of Listeria spp. in Spain. (Pubmed Central) - May 13, 2024
Regarding L. monocytogenes, 2 strains from the clinical-associated linage I showed resistance to erythromycin, both related to dairy ruminants...Resistance to tetracycline (7.9%), doxycycline (7.9%), penicillin (4.4%), and ampicillin (4.4%) were the most frequently observed in non-pathogenic Listeria spp...The present results show that non-pathogenic Listeria spp. harbour antimicrobial resistance genes.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Observational data, Journal: The impact of socio-environmental factors on doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis awareness in the US: a cross-sectional study. (Pubmed Central) - May 13, 2024
Socio-environmental factors associated with doxyPEP awareness included living in a large urban city (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.12-4.10) and living in a state with higher levels of LGBTQ policy equality (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.07-4.44). Conclusions Considering the disproportionate impact of bacterial STIs on men who have sex with men, especially those living in lower LGBTQ equality regions, such as the Southern US, our study emphasises how socio-environmental factors may limit awareness and uptake of novel biomedical approaches that have the potential to prevent morbidity and enhance sexual health.
- || doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Biomarker, Review, Journal, Next-generation sequencing: Accurate etiological diagnosis of Mycoplasma hominis mediastinitis in immunocompetent patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a case series and literature review. (Pubmed Central) - May 13, 2024
After detection of M. hominis, antibiotics were adjusted to quinolones or doxycycline except for one patient, whose diagnosis was clarified after death...mNGS might be a promising technology in the detection of fastidious pathogens such as M. hominis. Accurate etiological diagnosis by mNGS could guide antibiotic therapy and facilitate clinical management.
- || doxycycline / Generic mfg., amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Observational data: Long-term Oral Suppressive Antimicrobial Therapy in Infective Endocarditis (SATIE Study): An Observational Study. (Pubmed Central) - May 13, 2024
Five (12%) breakthrough second IE episodes were reported. Prospective comparative studies are required to guide this empirical practice.
- | doxycycline / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Comparison of Antimicrobial Effects of 445 and 970 nm Diode Laser Irradiation with Photodynamic Therapy and Triple Antibiotic Paste on Enterococcus faecalis in the Root Canal: an In Vitro Study. (Pubmed Central) - May 13, 2024
Triple antibiotic paste was proved to achieve complete bacterial elimination. Photodynamic therapy with doxycycline as a photosensitizer was shown to provide significant results of bacterial reduction and diode laser irradiation at both wavelengths (970 nm and 445 nm) were also reported to have antibacterial effect, although slightly lower than the previous methods.