nimodipine / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Acute Vision Loss and Malignant Hypertension in a Patient with Neurogenic Bladder () -  Sep 10, 2021 - Abstract #NCS2021NCS_224;    
    Scheduled nimodipine was utilized to manage vasospasm...Rapid recognition plus monitoring and management in the neuro-ICU led to complete recovery of acute neurologic deficits. Thus, in patients with subacute spinal cord injury presenting with new neurologic changes, AD must be considered.
  • ||||||||||  Tectin (tetrodotoxin) / WEX Pharma
    Journal:  Effectiveness of Columbianadin, a Bioactive Coumarin Derivative, in Perturbing Transient and Persistent I. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 9, 2021   
    The delayed-rectifier or erg-mediated K current was mildly inhibited by 10 µM CBN, while it also slightly inhibited the amplitude of hyperpolarization-activated cation current. In HL-1 atrial cardiomyocytes, CBN inhibited peak I and raised the inactivation rate of the current; moreover, further application of 10 µM Tef attenuated CBN-mediated decrease in I. Collectively, this study provides an important yet unidentified finding revealing that CBN modifies I in electrically excitable cells.
  • ||||||||||  dexamethasone / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Diabetes-induced auditory complications: are they preventable? a comprehensive review of interventions. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 27, 2021   
    However, there is no consensus about which are the most effective strategies for preventing and reducing auditory complications in diabetic patients with few side effects and maximum efficacy. This paper provides a comprehensive review of interventions for preventing and treating diabetes-induced auditory complications to help therapists.
  • ||||||||||  verapamil / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Peripheral Pain Modulation of Chrysaora pacifica Jellyfish Venom Requires Both Ca Influx and TRPA1 Channel Activation in Rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 22, 2021   
    Taken together, CpV may activate Ca-mediated oxidative signaling to produce excessive ROS acting as an endogenous agonist of TRPA1 channels in the peripheral terminals of the primary afferent neurons, resulting in persistent inflammatory pain. These findings provide strong evidence supporting the therapeutic effectiveness of blocking oxidative signaling against pain and cytotoxicity induced by jellyfish venom.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg., clonidine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Management of Organophosphorus Poisoning: Standard Treatment and Beyond. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 20, 2021   
    Magnesium sulfate, calcium channel blockers (nimodipine), plasma alkalinizing agents, β-2 agonists, nicotinic receptor antagonists, clonidine, and lipid emulsions are promising treatment alternatives. However, large phase III trials are required to establish their efficacy.
  • ||||||||||  dizocilpine (MK801) / Merck (MSD)
    Journal:  NMDA Receptor and L-Type Calcium Channel Modulate Prion Formation. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 13, 2021   
    During synaptic plasticity, while ERK signalling promotes long-term potentiation accompanied by expansion of post-synaptic lipid rafts, other NMDA receptor-depending signalling pathways, p38-JNK, have opposing effects. Our findings indicate that contrasting intracellular signals of synaptic plasticity can influence time-dependent prion conversion.
  • ||||||||||  verapamil / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Stellate ganglion block used to treat reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 8, 2021   
    For patients with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome who develop severe signs or symptoms despite typical treatment, sympathetic blockade may be a possible rescue therapy. This may extend to other causes of severe vasospasm as well, and further study is needed to determine if the SGB should be included in routine or rescue therapy.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] L-type calcium channel subtypes mediating hypothalamic dysfunction caused by amyloid-beta () -  Aug 2, 2021 - Abstract #AAIC2021AAIC_2333;    
    These results suggest that Ca v 1.2 does not have a significant role in amyloid-beta mediated dysfunction of hypothalamic arcuate NPY neurons and that Ca v 1.3 is likely the major target of amyloid-beta in these neurons. Future studies modulating Ca v 1.3 in hypothalamic neurons will help elucidate the mechanisms underlying hypothalamic dysfunction caused by amyloid-beta pathology and its therapeutic potential in AD.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Neurovascular disease, diagnosis, and therapy: Subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral vasospasm. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 30, 2021   
    Despite the improvement in outcome probably due to improved diagnosis, early aneurysm repair, administration of nimodipine, and advanced intensive care support, the outcome is not very good...The most common complications are aneurysm rebleeding, hydrocephalus, delayed cerebral ischemia, and medical complications (fever, anemia, and hyperglycemia). Management also probably is optimized by neurologic intensive care units and multidisciplinary teams.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Review, Journal:  Perioperative Nimodipine to Improve Cranial Nerve Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 14, 2021   
    Collectively, we showed a hitherto unknown increased prevalence of LTCC-dependent Ca transients in the TL of the IZ upper layer during the radial migration of excitatory neurons, which could be essential for the regulation of Ca-dependent neurodevelopmental processes. Although there is evidence supporting the perioperative role of nimodipine for VS resections, more studies are warranted to help clarify the effects of nimodipine therapy on cranial nerve preservation.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Nimodipine inhibits intestinal and aortic smooth muscle contraction by regulating Ca-activated Cl channels. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    In aortic smooth muscle, the expression of TMEM16A in thoracic aorta is higher than that in abdominal aorta, corresponding to stronger maximum contractility in thoracic aorta smooth muscle stimulated by phenylephrine (PE) and E. Nimodipine completely inhibited the contraction of aortic smooth muscle stimulated by E, and partially inhibited the contraction stimulated by PE. In summary, the results indicate that nimodipine effectively inhibits TMEM16A/CaCCs by reduction transmembrane Ca influx and directly interacting with TMEM16A, explaining the mechanisms of nimodipine relaxation of intestinal and aortic smooth muscle contraction and providing new targets for pharmacological applications.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Naringin attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. (Pubmed Central) -  May 29, 2021   
    Rats were grouped into ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), sham operation (Sham), nimodipine control (NIM), and different doses of Nar (Nar-L, Nar-M, Nar-H) groups...Meanwhile, ERS-related proteins also markedly decreased in the Nar groups. Nar may achieve neuroprotection and alleviation of CI/R injury by anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and inhibiting ERS, and its efficacy is concentration-dependent.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Enrollment open:  Nimodipine in Vestibular Schwanommas (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 11, 2021   
    P2,  N=30, Recruiting, 
    In conclusion, eupafolin protected against cerebral I/R injury in rats and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the suppression of apoptosis and inflammation via inhibiting the TLR4/ NF‑κB signaling pathway. Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
  • ||||||||||  Tectin (tetrodotoxin) / WEX Pharma
    Preclinical, Journal:  Sequential Activation of Multiple Persistent Inward Currents Induces Staircase Currents in Serotonergic Neurons of Medulla in ePet-EYFP Mice. (Pubmed Central) -  May 11, 2021   
    Staircase PICs were also composed of low-voltage-activated sodium PIC (Na-PIC; onset -46.2 ± 5 mV, n = 34), high-voltage-activated calcium PIC (Ca-PIC; onset -29.3 ± 6 mV, n = 23), and high-voltage-activated tetrodotoxin (TTX)- and dihydropyridine-resistant sodium PIC (TDR-PIC; onset -16.8 ± 4 mV, n = 28)...Nimodipine (25 μM) reduced the second PIC by 38% (n = 34, P < 0.001) without altering the first PIC...Modeling study mimicked the staircase PICs and verified experimental conclusions that sequential activation of Na-PIC, Ca-PIC and TDR-PIC in order of voltage thresholds induced the staircase PICs in serotonergic neurons. Further experimental results suggested that the multiple components of staircase PICs play functional roles in regulating excitability of serotonergic neurons in medulla.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Nimodipine attenuates dibutyl phthalate-induced learning and memory impairment in kun ming mice: An in vivo study based on bioinformatics analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 28, 2021   
    The results of an in vivo study confirmed that DBP affects the levels of Ca -related proteins, up-regulates phosphorylated -ERK1/2 expression and results in hippocampal neuronal damage and apoptosis, whereas Nim as a Ca antagonist, has a certain neuroprotective role to avoid these adverse effects. Our data suggest that Nim could be used to attenuate the learning and memory impairment in DBP-exposed mice, to down-regulate intracellular Ca levels, subordinate the ERK1/2 pathway and attenuate apoptosis in hippocampal tissue.
  • ||||||||||  dexamethasone / Generic mfg., nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Journal, Combination therapy:  Nimodipine and Steroid Combination Therapy for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 15, 2021   
    Novel treatment concepts still have to be proven in large trials. The results of this study suggest that nimodipine and steroid combination therapy for ISSNHL results in a higher complete recovery rate than steroid alone in patients with moderate to severe hearing loss.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Clinical effect and safety of moxibustion therapy in treatment of mild cognitive impairment: a multi-center randomized controlled trial (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 7, 2021   
    Moxibustion can improve learning-memory ability in VD rats, which may be related to its effect in down-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors and up-regulating the expression of DCX to promote neuronal repair and regeneration. Moxibustion therapy based on Sancai theory for reinforcing intelligence can improve cognitive impairment in patients with MCI and is thus an effective intervention method for improving the cognitive function of patients with MCI.
  • ||||||||||  nimodipine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Nimodipine-induced junctional bradycardia in an elderly patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 2, 2021   
    Our patient had the CYP3A5*3/*3 genotype, possibly predisposing her to poor metabolism of this drug. Our case report demonstrates the potential for pharmacogenomics in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage to help predict their response to nimodipine, minimize adverse drug reactions, and potentially individualize dosing to improve future clinical outcomes.