- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., zidovudine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for thymidine production (Pubmed Central) - Aug 23, 2024
Thymidine, as a crucial precursor of anti-AIDS drugs (e.g., zidovudine and stavudine), has wide application potential in the pharmaceutical industry. The engineered THY6-2 strain produced 11.10 g/L thymidine in a 5 L bioreactor with a yield of 0.04 g/g glucose and productivity of 0.23 g/(L
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg.
Biomarker, Journal, Machine learning: Weighted gene coexpression network analysis and machine learning for the determination of tfh cell and B cell infiltrating biomarkers in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 7, 2024
Draggability analysis identified the therapeutic target genes PTGS2 and ALB, along with significant drugs including Firocoxib, Alclofenac, Pyridostigmine, and Stavudine...The interaction between numerous activated B cells and follicular helper T cells is closely associated with THYM-MG pathogenesis from a bioinformatics perspective. Hub genes (including SP6, SCUBE3, B3GNT7, and MAGEL2) may be downregulated in immune cells in THYM-MG and associated with progression.
- |||||||||| Journal, Real-world evidence, Real-world: Severe Acute Liver Injury After Hepatotoxic Medication Initiation in Real-World Data. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 24, 2024
Seven medications (stavudine, erlotinib, lenalidomide or thalidomide, chlorpromazine, metronidazole, prochlorperazine, and isoniazid) exhibited rates of 10.0 or more events per 10?000 person-years, and 10 (moxifloxacin, azathioprine, levofloxacin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, fluconazole, captopril, amoxicillin-clavulanate, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and ciprofloxacin) had rates between 5.0 and 9.9 events per 10?000 person-years...In this study, incidence rates of severe ALI using real-world data identified the most potentially hepatotoxic medications and can serve as a tool to investigate hepatotoxicity safety signals obtained from case reports. Case report counts did not accurately reflect the observed rates of severe ALI after medication initiation.
- |||||||||| Vemlidy (tenofovir alafenamide) / Gilead
Journal: HIV and adipose tissue: A long history linked to therapeutic classes of antiretrovirals. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 19, 2024
However, among the NRTIs, the thymidine analogues stavudine and zidovudine led to lipoatrophy, either generalized or associated with visceral fat hypertrophy and buffalo hump...More recently, the NRTI tenofovir disoproxyfumarate (TDF) and the NNRTI efavirenz have been associated with inhibition of fat gain but not with clear lipoatrophy...Also, in the NRTI class, TDF has often been replaced by tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) due to bone and renal toxicities, and TAF has been associated with global fat gain...In the global obesogenic worldwide context, PWH are gaining weight as well in relation to poor health life conditions. Taking in charge obesity uses the same strategies as those used in the general population.
- |||||||||| Mortality and virologic outcomes of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive children and adolescents: a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal, cohort study in China (Poster board: 117) - May 2, 2024 - Abstract #AIDS2024AIDS_1421;
The embargo on all abstracts, including oral abstract, poster exhibition, e-poster and late breakers, will lift on Tuesday, 23 July 2024, at 10:00 am Central European Summer Time (CEST). If an abstract is part of an official AIDS 2024 press conference that occurs before that time, the embargo on that abstract lifts at the start of the official press conference.
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., zidovudine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients Receiving Anti-Retro-Viral Treatment in A Tertiary Hospital, Central Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 25, 2024
Similarly, higher odds were observed among patients who frequently consumed animal source foods than among those who consumed cereals or vegetables (AOR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.03-3.63), those who had HIV lipodystrophy (AOR 1.73; 95% CI: 1.05-2.86), those who were treated with stavudine (AOR 3.08; 95% CI: 1.89-5.04), and those who were treated with zidovudine (AOR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.02-2.88) compared to their counterparts. Older age, diet from animal sources, exposure to zidovudine or stavudine, and the presence of lipodystrophy were independent determinants of MetS.
- |||||||||| Portosinusoidal vascular disorder: how to diagnose, how to treat? (Gold Room) - Mar 16, 2024 - Abstract #EASLILC2024EASL_ILC_22;
PSVD has been related to prior exposure to immunosuppressive or antineoplastic agents such as azathioprine, oxaliplatin, as well as to numerous other drugs including didanosine and stavudine...The cornerstone of therapy is beta-blockers, either carvedilol and propranolol, and endoscopic variceal ligation...Scarce reported data has demonstrated that survival of PSVD patients after liver transplantation is favourable. Post-transplant (recurrent) PSVD has been reported, although its incidence is unclear.
- |||||||||| Invirase (saquinavir) / Roche, Viracept (nelfinavir) / ViiV Healthcare, Roche
Enrollment change, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: A Prospective Cohort of Children With HIV Infection (clinicaltrials.gov) - Feb 28, 2024
P=N/A, N=500, Active, not recruiting,
Post-transplant (recurrent) PSVD has been reported, although its incidence is unclear. N=1000 --> 500 | Trial completion date: Dec 2030 --> Jun 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2030 --> Jun 2024
- |||||||||| Vemlidy (tenofovir alafenamide) / Gilead
Prevalence of NAFLD and risk factors associated with liver fibrosis in a cohort of people with HIV in Barcelona (Spain) (ePosters) - Oct 8, 2023 - Abstract #EACS2023EACS_1002;
Patients with older age, previous history use of dideoxynucleoside analog drugs (didanosin, zalcitabine or/and stavudine =DDD), lower current CD4 and higher aspartate amino-transferase (AST) levels were associated with a greater risk of fibrosis (Table 1). The current use of tenofovir alafenamide, non-nucleoside retro transcriptase inhibitors or integrase inhibitors did not show statistical significance...Conclusions :
- |||||||||| Vemlidy (tenofovir alafenamide) / Gilead
Prevalence of NAFLD and risk factors associated with liver fibrosis in a cohort of people with HIV in Barcelona (Spain) (ePosters) - Oct 8, 2023 - Abstract #EACS2023EACS_1001;
Patients with older age, previous history use of dideoxynucleoside analog drugs (didanosin, zalcitabine or/and stavudine =DDD), lower current CD4 and higher aspartate amino-transferase (AST) levels were associated with a greater risk of fibrosis (Table 1). The current use of tenofovir alafenamide, non-nucleoside retro transcriptase inhibitors or integrase inhibitors did not show statistical significance...Conclusions :
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Evaluation of Two Osmosis-Based Methods for the Preparation of Drug Delivery Systems Based on Red Blood Cells. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 28, 2023
Based on our group's considerable experience in dialysis-based carrier erythrocyte preparation, this study details a simple method based on hypotonic dilution and subsequent resealing that has been developed for stavudine using packed erythrocytes from a local blood bank...Loaded erythrocytes obtained with the proposed method did not show impaired properties in comparison with those obtained with our reference method, provided that the buffer composition remained the same. In the present work, we have optimized a simplified method for erythrocytes' drug loading, which can use blood transfusion products and could be easily automatized and scalable.
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., didanosine / Generic mfg., zidovudine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Asymptomatic people with well-controlled HIV do not have abnormal left ventricular global longitudinal strain. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 7, 2023
Exposure to at least one mitochondrially toxic ART drug (didanosine, stavudine, zidovudine, or zalcitabine) was not associated with impairment of LV systolic function. No clinically significant impairment of myocardial systolic function, as measured by LV GLS, was detected in this predominantly Caucasian male population of PWHIV on long-term ART, with no history of cardiovascular disease.
- |||||||||| Zyclara (imiquimod) / Mochida, Viatris, Bausch Health, Rescriptor (delavirdine mesylate) / ViiV Healthcare, Relenza (zanamivir) / GSK, Vaxart
FDA event, Journal: Drug repurposing of FDA-approved anti-viral drugs via computational screening against novel 6M03 SARS-COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 29, 2023
No clinically significant impairment of myocardial systolic function, as measured by LV GLS, was detected in this predominantly Caucasian male population of PWHIV on long-term ART, with no history of cardiovascular disease. In our study, we also observed the nucleotide sequence of protease protein consisting of 316 amino acid residues
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., remdesivir / Generic mfg., acyclovir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Identification of potential targets against SARS-CoV-2 of antiviral drugs based on photoaffinity probes. (Pubmed Central) - May 11, 2023
Taken together, our findings will elucidate the structural basis for the efficacy of marketed drugs, and explore a rapid and efficient strategy of drug repurposing based on the identification of new targets. Moreover, these results could also provide a scientific basis for the clinical application of marketed drugs.
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Critical Pronociceptive Role of Family 2 Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in a Novel Mouse Model of HIV-Associated Sensory Neuropathy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 28, 2023
Since the specific mechanisms underlying HIV-SN are not well understood, the aim of our study was to characterize a novel model of painful HIV-SN by combining the HIV-1 gp120 protein and the antiretroviral stavudine (d4T) in mice and to investigate the pronociceptive role of the family 2 voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) ?1 subunit (Cav2.X channels) in such a model...Accordingly, intrathecal selective Cav2.2 blockade presented longer and better efficacy in reversing the hyperalgesia induced by gp120?+?d4T treatment compared with Cav2.1 or Cav2.3, but also presented the worst safety (inducing side effects at effective doses). We conclude that the family 2 calcium channels (Cav2.X) exert a critical pronociceptive role in a novel mouse model of HIV-SN.
- |||||||||| Journal: The quality of antiretroviral medicines: an uncertain problem. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 20, 2023
The 95-95-95 target for 2026 and other international targets could be greatly hampered if even 1% of the millions of people taking ARV (for both prevention and prophylaxis) receive medicines that do not meet quality standards. More surveillance of SF ARV is needed to ensure issues are detected.
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., zidovudine / Generic mfg., trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Survival analysis and predictors of mortality among adult HIV/AIDS patients initiated antiretroviral therapy from 2010 to 2015 in Dubti General Hospital, Afar, Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 24, 2023
High mortality was observed in this cohort, and participants with stage III and IV, low CD4 count, low hemoglobin level, bed ridden functional status, low BMI should be closely monitored even with the scarce resources. In addition, the use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis therapy should be more encouraged to increase survival.
- |||||||||| Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Journal: Additive-controlled asymmetric iodocyclization enables enantioselective access to both α- and β-nucleosides. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 11, 2023
A series of β- and α-nucleosides are prepared in high yields (up to 95%) and stereoselectivities (β:α up to 66:1, α:β up to 70:1). Notably, the introduced iodine at the C2' position of the nucleoside is readily functionalized, leading to multiple structurally diverse nucleoside analogs, including stavudine, an FDA-approved anti-HIV agent, and molnupiravir, an FDA-approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent.
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Inflammatory response to retrotransposons drives tumor drug resistance that can be prevented by reverse transcriptase inhibitors. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 1, 2022
To test whether inhibition of retrotranspositions has an anticancer effect, we used treatment with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) stavudine (STV) in mouse cancer models, MMTV-HER2/Neu and Th-MYCN, that spontaneously develop breast cancer and neuroblastoma, respectively...Furthermore, the inducible expression of LINE-1 stimulated inflammatory response and increased the frequency of drug-resistant variants in a tumor cell population. These results indicate a mechanism by which retrotransposon desilencing can stimulate tumor cell survival during treatment and suggest reverse transcriptase inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach for targeting the development of drug-resistant cancers.
- |||||||||| AT9283 / Otsuka, Isentress (raltegravir) / Merck (MSD)
Journal: PERV induces CXCL10 in human monocytes and monocyte-derived primary cells. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 18, 2022
Lifestyle with non-adherence to the Mediterranean diet and smoking were associated with a smaller increase in subcutaneous malar fat. Our findings highlight PERVs as inducers of the pro-inflammatory chemokine CXCL10 and other innate immune responses in human monocytes and derived cells with potential implications in the context of xenotransplantation.
- |||||||||| tenofovir disoproxil fumarate / Generic mfg.
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Related Metabolic Syndrome and Steatohepatitis in a Case of Chronic Hepatitis B (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_2908;
Despite some reports suggesting tenofovir, specifically tenofovir alafenamide, might be associated with adverse metabolic changes in patients with HIV, our patient with HBV developed these changes while she was on TDF...Figure: A: Hematoxylin-eosin staining shows 50% steatosis (grade 2), portal and lobular inflammation and moderate hepatocyte ballooning. B: Masson-trichrome staining shows portocentral and pericellular fibrosis (stage 3/4).
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., didanosine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Sustainable Protocol for the Synthesis of 2',3'-Dideoxynucleoside and 2',3'-Didehydro-2',3'-dideoxynucleoside Derivatives. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 17, 2022
In the subsequent radical deoxygenation reaction, tris(trimethylsilyl)silane and 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) were used to replace hazardous BuSnH and AIBN, respectively. In addition, TBAF was substituted for camphorsulfonic acid in the deprotection step of the 5'-O-silyl ether group, and an enzyme (adenosine deaminase) was used to transform 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine into 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI) in excellent yield.
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., efavirenz / Generic mfg., oseltamivir / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Recent advances on therapeutic potentials of gold and silver nanobiomaterials for human viral diseases. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 12, 2022
Others are AgNPs of collagen and Bacillus subtilis for rotavirus, AgNPs labelled Ag30-SiO for murine norovirus in water, AuNPs of Allium sativum and AgNPs of ribavirin for measles, AgNPs of Citrus limetta and Andrographis Paniculata for Chikungunya, AuNPs of efavirenz and stavudine, and AgNPs-curcumin for HIV, NPAuG3-S8 for HSV, AgNPs of Moringa oleifera and Bruguiera cylindrica for dengue while AgNPs of polyethyleneimine and siRNA analogues displayed potency against enterovirus. The highlighted candidates are recommended for further translational studies towards antiviral therapeutic designs.
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Drug repositioning for anti-tuberculosis drugs: an in silico polypharmacology approach. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 23, 2022
Interestingly, 21 out of the 34 identified drugs are antibiotics while 4 drug molecules (nitrofural, stavudine, quinine and quinidine) are non-antibiotics showing promising predicted antitubercular activity...Interestingly, it was also observed that the drugs identified from the study are under different stages of drug discovery (i.e., in vitro, clinical trials) for the effective treatment of various diseases including cancer, degenerative diseases, dengue virus infection, tuberculosis, etc. Krasavin et al., 2017 synthesized nitrofuran analogues with appreciable MICs (22-23 µM) against M.tb H37Rv. These experiments further add to the credibility of the drugs identified in this study (TB).
- |||||||||| stavudine / Generic mfg., didanosine / Generic mfg., zidovudine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Genetic and cytometric analyses of subcutaneous adipose tissue in patients with hemophilia and HIV-associated lipodystrophy. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022
These experiments further add to the credibility of the drugs identified in this study (TB). Our findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of HIV-associated lipodystrophy, suggesting that fat redistribution may critically depend on adipocytes' sensitivity to drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity, which may lead either to atrophy or metabolic complications.
- |||||||||| Vistide (cidofovir) / Gilead, Sovaldi (sofosbuvir) / Gilead
Journal: A medicinal chemist who reshaped the antiviral drug industry: John Charles Martin (1951-2021). (Pubmed Central) - Apr 5, 2022
Our findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of HIV-associated lipodystrophy, suggesting that fat redistribution may critically depend on adipocytes' sensitivity to drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity, which may lead either to atrophy or metabolic complications. John Charles Martin should be remembered as a visionary medicinal chemist who was involved in the coinvention, development, or management of many FDA-approved antiviral drugs such as ganciclovir, stavudine, didanosine, cidofovir, oseltamivir, adefovir dipivoxil, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tenofovir alafenamide, sofosbuvir, and remdesivir.
- |||||||||| Invirase (saquinavir) / Roche, Viracept (nelfinavir) / ViiV Healthcare, Roche
Enrollment closed: A Prospective Cohort of Children With HIV Infection (clinicaltrials.gov) - Mar 23, 2022
P=N/A, N=1000, Active, not recruiting,
John Charles Martin should be remembered as a visionary medicinal chemist who was involved in the coinvention, development, or management of many FDA-approved antiviral drugs such as ganciclovir, stavudine, didanosine, cidofovir, oseltamivir, adefovir dipivoxil, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tenofovir alafenamide, sofosbuvir, and remdesivir. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting
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