- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Update on Antiseizure Medications 2025. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 3, 2025
Since the most recent version of this article was published, one new antiseizure medication, ganaxolone, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the indications of some approved medications were expanded...These agents include lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, topiramate, zonisamide, and lacosamide...Lacosamide, pregabalin, and eslicarbazepine have undergone successful trials of conversion to monotherapy for focal epilepsy...Knowledge of antiseizure medication pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and tolerability profiles facilitates the choice of appropriate antiseizure medication therapy for patients with epilepsy. Rational antiseizure medication combinations should avoid antiseizure medications with unfavorable pharmacokinetic interactions or pharmacodynamic interactions related to mechanism of action.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus, Xcopri (cenobamate) / SK Bio, Fintepla (low-dose fenfluramine) / UCB
Journal: Antiseizure Medications: Advancements, Challenges, and Prospects in Drug Development. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 27, 2025 The review also discusses the development of new potential ASMs, including modifying existing ASMs to improve efficacy and tolerability. Furthermore, we expound on the modulation of ?- aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) as a strategy for the treatment of epilepsy and the identification of a GABAAR agonist, isoguvacine, as a potential ASM.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus
Journal: LPM682000012, a Synthetic Neuroactive Steroid That Ameliorates Epileptic Seizures by Downregulating the Serpina3n/NF-?B Signaling Pathway. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2024 The dose-dependent sedative effects of LPM682000012 and Ganaxolone in normal rats were evaluated, which revealed that they both dose-dependently alleviated acute epileptic seizure in the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-mediated seizure model...In summary, this report demonstrated that the novel neurosteroid GABAA PAM LPM682000012 activated the synaptic and extra-synaptic GABAA receptors and alleviated KA-induced neuronal loss and synaptic remodeling, potentially by down-regulating the Serpina3n/NF-?B signaling pathways. The results provide evidence that LPM682000012 is a potential anti-seizure pharmacotherapy candidate for epilepsy and warrants further research.
- |||||||||| Zulresso (brexanolone) / Sage Therapeutics, Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus
Neuroactive Steroids Induce Sex Specific Effects on Intracellular Signaling via Activation of Membrane Progesterone Receptors (South Hall H - Level 1 - LACC) - Nov 26, 2024 - Abstract #AES2024AES_1272; Additionally, the high potency of NAS for mPRs is at concentrations similar to endogenous ALLO in the brain and is below demonstrated plasma levels of FDA approved NAS treatments. Therefore, this work emphasizes the importance of understanding mPR signaling in the brain and the ability of mPRs to modulate neuronal inhibition to better develop future novel therapies.
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Positive allosteric modulators of GABAAreceptors expressed in oligodendroglial cells promote their survival in vitro (MCP Hall A) - Aug 22, 2024 - Abstract #Neuroscience2024Neuroscience_12321; Here, in OLs maintained in vitro the GABAAR activity was potentiated using ganaxolone (GX) and N-butyl-?-carboline-3-carboxylate (?-CCB) two allosteric positive modulators of the receptor and studied their effects on cell survival to obtain information related with the mechanisms involved...Thus, our results indicated that both Gx and ?-CCB promoted the survival of oligodendroglial cells through the activation of the GABAAR. This would explain at least in part, the positive effects that GABAAR positive modulators such as ?-CCB have on myelination process observed in vivo.
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Journal: Ganaxolone (Ztalmy) for CDKL5 deficiency disorder. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 13, 2024 This would explain at least in part, the positive effects that GABAAR positive modulators such as ?-CCB have on myelination process observed in vivo. No abstract available
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Drugs for epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 29, 2024
No abstract available No abstract available
- |||||||||| Zulresso (brexanolone) / Sage Therapeutics, Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus, Zurzuvae (zuranolone) / Sage Therapeutics, Biogen
Review, Journal: Understanding and treating postpartum depression: a narrative review. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 28, 2024 Newer neurosteroids such as ganaxolone, valaxanolone, and lysaxanolone are currently under development, but also esketamine and psychedelics are promising potential treatments...PPD is therefore increasingly understood as, at least partially, independent from major depressive disorder. Specific and individualized treatments including pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies are progressively being introduced in the routine clinical practice.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus
Enrollment closed, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: TrustTSC: Adjunctive GNX Treatment Compared With Placebo in Children and Adults With TSC-related Epilepsy (clinicaltrials.gov) - May 13, 2024 P3, N=128, Active, not recruiting, Consequently, these findings add rationale to the exploration of the clinical effect of ganaxolone in NS-PME and other progressive myoclonus epilepsies. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Feb 2025 --> Oct 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Oct 2024
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: A Neuroanatomic and Pathophysiologic Framework for Novel Pharmacological Approaches to the Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2024
Indeed, investigations and drug development are proceeding in a number of these alternative, non-serotonergic pathways in an effort to improve the management of PTSD. In this manuscript, the authors introduce novel and emerging treatments for PTSD, including drugs in various stages of development and clinical testing (BI 1358894, BNC-210, PRAX-114, JZP-150, LU AG06466, NYV-783, PH-94B, SRX246, TNX-102), established agents and known compounds being investigated for their utility in PTSD (brexpiprazole, cannabidiol, doxasoin, ganaxolone, intranasal neuropeptide Y, intranasal oxytocin, tianeptine oxalate, verucerfont), and emerging psychedelic interventions (ketamine, MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy), with an aim to examine and integrate these agents into the underlying pathophysiological frameworks of trauma-related disorders.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus, Belviq (lorcaserin) / Eisai
Journal: Using artificial intelligence to identify drugs for repurposing to treat l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 13, 2024 In conclusion, although our data do not support the repurposing of lorcaserin, acamprosate or ganaxolone per se for LID, we demonstrate value of an in silico approach to identify candidate molecules which, in combination with an in vivo screen, can facilitate clinical development decisions. The present study adds to a growing literature in support of this paradigm shifting approach in the repurposing pipeline.
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Preclinical, Journal: Early IGF-1 receptor inhibition in mice mimics preterm human brain disorders and reveals a therapeutic target. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 5, 2024 Pharmacological enhancement of GABAergic tonic inhibition by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drug ganaxolone rescued functional/behavioral alterations in mice. Establishing an unprecedented mouse model of prematurity, our work dissects the mechanisms at the core of abnormal behaviors and identifies a readily translatable therapeutic strategy for preterm brain disorders.
- |||||||||| Zulresso (brexanolone) / Sage Therapeutics, Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus, Zurzuvae (zuranolone) / Sage Therapeutics, Shionogi, Biogen
Review, Journal: Novel neurosteroid therapeutics for post-partum depression: perspectives on clinical trials, program development, active research, and future directions. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 11, 2023 Finally, we describe new and future directions in neurosteroid therapeutics, including the development of an oral agent, zuranolone, and the IV and oral formulations of ganaxolone. Ultimately, the hope is that these novel neurosteroid therapeutics will provide fast-acting treatment for these impairing disorders and improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of depressive disorders.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus, soticlestat (TAK-935) / Takeda, Fintepla (low-dose fenfluramine) / UCB, Nippon Shinyaku
Review, Journal: Genetic Background of Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Treatments. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 29, 2023 On the contrary, the same drugs may aggravate seizures related to loss-of-function (LoF) variants of the same genes. Hence, knowledge of gene mutation-treatment response relationships facilitates more favorable selection of drugs for anticonvulsant therapy.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Pharmacological diversity amongst approved and emerging antiseizure medications for the treatment of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 1, 2023
Rufinamide, fenfluramine, stiripentol, cannabidiol and ganaxolone are antiseizure medications (ASMs) with diverse mechanisms of action that have been approved for treating specific DEEs...Stiripentol is licensed for treating seizures associated with Dravet syndrome in patients taking clobazam and/or valproate...Greater understanding of the causes of DEEs has driven research into the potential use of other novel and repurposed agents. Putative ASMs currently in clinical development for use in DEEs include soticlestat, carisbamate, verapamil, radiprodil, clemizole and lorcaserin.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus
Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: Open-label Study of Adjunctive GNX Treatment in Children and Adults With TSC-related Epilepsy (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 31, 2023 P3, N=169, Enrolling by invitation, Putative ASMs currently in clinical development for use in DEEs include soticlestat, carisbamate, verapamil, radiprodil, clemizole and lorcaserin. Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Jun 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2024 --> Jun 2027
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus, Xcopri (cenobamate) / SK Bio, Angelini Group, Endo
Review, Journal: New GABA-Targeting Therapies for the Treatment of Seizures and Epilepsy: I. Role of GABA as a Modulator of Seizure Activity and Recently Approved Medications Acting on the GABA System. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 21, 2023 We also review the available data for the two most recently approved antiseizure medications that act, at least in part, through GABAergic mechanisms, namely cenobamate and ganaxolone. Differences in the mode of drug discovery, pharmacological profile, pharmacokinetic properties, drug-drug interaction potential, and clinical efficacy and tolerability of these agents are discussed.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus
Effect of ganaxolone on behaviours in children with the CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder (South Hall 2, 2nd Floor) - May 29, 2023 - Abstract #EPNS2023EPNS_339; Non-seizure outcomes can contribute to the success of anti-seizure interventions. Along with better seizure control, children who received ganaxolone had improved behavioural scores in select domains compared to those receiving placebo.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus
Journal: Complex Metabolism of the Novel Neurosteroid, Ganaxolone, in Humans. A Unique Challenge for MIST Assessment. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2023 Significance Statement Studies on the metabolism of GNX in humans revealed a complex array of products that circulated in plasma, the two major components of which were formed via an unexpected multi-step pathway. Complete structural characterization of these (disproportionate) human metabolites required extensive in vitro studies, along with contemporary mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and synthetic chemistry efforts, which served to underscore the limitations of traditional animal studies in predicting major circulating metabolites in man.
- |||||||||| Ztalmy (ganaxolone oral) / Marinus
Clinical, P2 data, Journal: Phase 2, placebo-controlled clinical study of oral ganaxolone in PCDH19-clustering epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 14, 2023 P2 Ganaxolone was generally well tolerated and led to a greater reduction in the frequency of PCDH19-clustering seizures compared to placebo; however, the trend did not reach statistical significance. Novel trial designs are likely needed to evaluate the effectiveness of antiseizure treatments for PCDH19-clustering epilepsy.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Novel antidepressant drugs: Beyond monoamine targets. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 27, 2023
The renaissance of psychedelic drugs and the emergence of preliminary positive clinical trial results with psilocybin, Ayahuasca, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) may pave the way towards establishing this class of drugs as effective therapies for MDD, TRD and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Going beyond the monoamine targets appears to be an effective strategy to develop novel antidepressant drugs with superior efficacy, safety, and tolerability for the improved treatment of MDD and TRD.
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