sevoflurane / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Inactivation of Prefrontal Cortex Delays Emergence From Sevoflurane Anesthesia. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 27, 2021   
    Burst suppression ratio was not altered following inactivation of any of the cortical sites, suggesting that there was no global effect due to pharmacologic lesion. These findings demonstrate that prefrontal cortex plays a causal role in emergence from anesthesia and behavioral arousal.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Update on the Mechanism and Treatment of Sevoflurane-Induced Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 27, 2021   
    Understanding the mechanism of sevoflurane-induced POCD may improve prevention and treatment of POCD. In this paper, we review the diagnosis of POCD, introduce animal models of POCD in clinical research, analyze the possible mechanisms of sevoflurane-induced POCD, and summarize advances in treatment for this condition.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  50% Effective Concentration of Sevoflurane for Immobility (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 27, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=23, Completed, 
    Our data suggested that TRPV1 antagonist may protect against synaptic damage and cognitive dysfunction induced by sevoflurane exposure during the brain developing stage. Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Mar 2022 --> Apr 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2022 --> Mar 2021
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Gut microbiota mediates cognitive impairment in young mice after multiple neonatal exposures to sevoflurane. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 23, 2021   
    Several of the differentially abundant taxa are associated with memory and/or health of the host, such as species of Streptococcus, Lachnospiraceae, and Pseudoflavonifractor. The results reveal that abnormal composition of the gut microbiota is a risk factor for cognitive impairment in young mice after multiple neonatal exposures to sevoflurane and provide insight into a potential therapeutic strategy for sevoflurane-related neurotoxicity.
  • ||||||||||  remifentanil / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date:  Pupillometry Guided Remifentanil Administration In Pediatric Anesthesia (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 21, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=56, Suspended, 
    In this setting, the use of S100b as a biomarker of cerebral cell tissue dysfunction cannot be supported. Trial completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2022
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Volatile Versus Intravenous Anesthetics in Cardiac Anesthesia: a Narrative Review. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 20, 2021   
    Reviewing the literature, the scientific foundation for the belief of clinically relevant conditioning by uninterrupted administration of a volatile anesthetic is weak. TIVA can also be performed safely in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion:  The Effect of Minimal Flow Sevoflurane Anesthesia (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 20, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=70, Completed, 
    Additional research is necessary to confirm whether the inflammatory response is direct or indirect. Recruiting --> Completed
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Sevoflurane in COVID-19 ARDS (SevCov) (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jul 19, 2021   
    P3,  N=68, Completed, 
    Recruiting --> Completed Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Mar 2022 --> Jul 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2022 --> Jun 2021
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg., dexmedetomidine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Effect of dexmedetomidine on dynamic cerebral autoregulation and carbon dioxide reactivity during sevoflurane anesthesia in healthy patients. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 18, 2021   
    Demographic parameters, durations of surgery and anesthesia, THR ratio [Group D: 1.26(0.11) vs. Group C: 1.23(0.04); p=0.357], relative CO2 reactivity [Group D: 1.19(0.34) %/mmHg vs. Group C: 1.23(0.25) %/mmHg; p=0.547], blood pressure, SpO2, BIS, MCAFV, time to recovery, time to extubation and modified Aldrete scores were comparable. Dexmedetomidine administration does not impair dCA and CO2 reactivity in patients undergoing spine surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Research Progress of Pharmacological Intervention of Sevoflurane-induced Nerve Injury in the Developing Brain (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 17, 2021   
    In particular, sevoflurane might protect against SCII via regulating the expression of miR-21-5p, its target genes (MAP2K3 and PPP1R3B), and related signaling pathways. Sevoflurane is one of the most commonly used inhaled anesthetics in obstetric and pediatric general anesthesia.According to related literature,this article reviews major possible mechanisms including myelin formation damage,nerve inflammation,cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,inhibition of histone acetylation,synapsis and receptor changes of sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in animal experiments.Furthermore,we summarize the neuroprotection effects and functioning mechanisms of anti-anemia medicine,plant-based drugs,alpha 2 adrenoceptor agonists and others,aiming to provide a basis for the brain protection of fetuses and infants during the perioperative period.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg., dexmedetomidine / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Neurotoxicity of sub-anesthetic doses of sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine co-administration in neonatal rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 15, 2021   
    The present data provide evidence that sevoflurane can mediate the miR-221-5p/ADAM8 axis, playing a better protective role compared with propofol in cardiomyocytes with H/R injury. In the neonatal rat model, co-administration of a clinically relevant dose of DEX (1 µg/kg) with a sub-anesthetic dose of SEVO (1.1%) does not affect the neurotoxicity of the anesthetic while co-administration of higher doses of DEX with SEVO 1.1% potentiates it.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein and neuroinflammation induced by laparotomy in an animal model of postoperative delirium. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 15, 2021   
    To study the acute influence of surgery on cognitive function, wild type male C57BL/6 N mice were randomly divided into three groups: Control (CON), Laparotomy at 4 h and 24 h (LAP-4 h, LAP-24 h), then subjected to laparotomy under sevoflurane anaesthesia...With tremendous neuropathological changes and significant numbers of activated microglias and astrocytes observed in the sub-regions of hippocampus, the memory impairment existed at both 4 h and 24 h. Since the association of dephosphorylated tau with POD, these findings may supply novel implications for the understanding of tauopathies and as a theoretical basis for preventions from the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).
  • ||||||||||  ketamine / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Comparison of the effects of methadone and butorphanol combined with acepromazine for canine gastroduodenoscopy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 14, 2021   
    Since the association of dephosphorylated tau with POD, these findings may supply novel implications for the understanding of tauopathies and as a theoretical basis for preventions from the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). In our study population, the effects of methadone and butorphanol when combined with acepromazine were comparable.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg., isoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Exploratory analyses of postanesthetic effects of desflurane using behavioral test battery of mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 10, 2021   
    Mice treated with desflurane 1 day before testing showed more slips than other two groups in the first trial, suggesting mild acute side effects of desflurane on motor coordination. These results suggest the safety of desflurane in clinical settings and imply that postanesthetic effects are unique to each halogenated ether.
  • ||||||||||  Bridion (sugammadex) / Merck (MSD)
    Clinical, Journal:  Influence of methylprednisolone on the reversal time of sugammadex: a randomized clinical trial (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 9, 2021   
    These results suggest the safety of desflurane in clinical settings and imply that postanesthetic effects are unique to each halogenated ether. When using 2 mg.kg of sugammadex to reverse rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients who received 1 mg.kg of intraoperative methylprednisolone, demonstrated delayed recovery times.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Effects of Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia on the Intestinal Microbiome in Mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 7, 2021   
    However, the abundance of differential bacteria did not recover with the changing trend of diversity. Therefore, we believe that sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia is associated with changes in the internal microbiome and metabolites, and this change may be completed through the brain-gut axis, while sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia may change the intestinal microbiome for as long as 14 days or longer.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg., isoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Comparative evaluation of isoflurane and sevoflurane in avian patients. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 6, 2021   
    Rapid onset of induction and recovery of anesthesia were found with sevoflurane followed by isoflurane. Induction and maintenance of anesthesia in avian patients with sevoflurane resulted in the lowest time required for sitting, standing, and CRT.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Topical Sevoflurane: A Novel Treatment for Chronic Pain Caused by Venous Stasis Ulcers. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 6, 2021   
    The immediate impact of topical sevoflurane in reducing pain associated with ulcer bed debridement has several implications in improving the quality of life in patients with CVI induced ulcers and in the prognosis and healing of the ulcers. This review summarizes a topical formulation of a volatile anesthetic and its implications for the management of VSUs.
  • ||||||||||  ketamine / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Tracking single molecule dynamics in the adult Drosophila brain. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 4, 2021   
    We find that propofol, etomidate, and isoflurane significantly impair syntaxin1A mobility, while ketamine and sevoflurane have little effect. Resolving single molecule dynamics in intact fly brains provides a novel approach to link localized molecular effects with systems-level phenomena such as general anesthesia.Significance statementTracking the mobility of individual syntaxin1A molecules in extracted fly brains provides a physiologically-relevant context for understanding the effects of neural activation and inhibition on protein dynamics in central neurons.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The influence of age on EEG-based anaesthesia indices. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 4, 2021   
    Almost all current neuromonitoring devices are influenced by age, with the potential to result in inappropriately high dosage of anaesthetics. Therefore, anaesthesiologists should be aware of this phenomenon, and the next generation of monitors should correct for these changes.
  • ||||||||||  sevoflurane / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Is There an Optimal Timing of Adductor Canal Block for Total Knee Arthroplasty?-A Retrospective Cohort Study. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 4, 2021   
    Additionally, the hourly consumption of sevoflurane was similar among the three groups of patients, while Group A and C patients required a higher hourly per kg dose of intraoperative opioids than Group B patients...Group A patients had a longer length of hospital stay compared to Group B and C patients. In conclusion, preoperative ACB could be a better choice for patients undergoing TKA as it decreases intraoperative opioid consumption and facilitates a stable hemodynamic state during surgery.