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- Tivicay (dolutegravir) / ViiV Healthcare
A 'One Stop' Differentiated Service Delivery Model in the Maternal and Child Health Clinics improves compliance and viral suppression among children, pregnant and breastfeeding women in Lusaka District, Zambia () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_1980;
The one-stop DSD model has resulted in improvements in prevention, linkages to care, treatment, and ART adherence for mothers and children under the age of 5 years. This model has implication for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), increased care coordination and viral suppression for the mothers and children.
- Tivicay (dolutegravir) / ViiV Healthcare
Perspective of healthcare workers in Nigeria on the introduction of new pediatric antiretroviral drugs: experiences, enablers and barriers () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_1602;
Findings from the FGDs provided insight into the perspective of HCWs on the introduction of new pediatric ARVs. This will inform scale-up plans for transitioning clients to pDTG and increase preparedness for future ARV transitions.
- lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir post-exposure prophylaxis did not protect against Covid-19 () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_1343;
We observed no signal that LPV/r has efficacy as SARS-CoV-2 PEP in this prematurely terminated trial. Possible reasons for the unexpected direction of the final results include small sample size and changes in behaviour in this unblinded trial.
- Prezista (darunavir) / J&J
HIV genotypic drug resistance testing outcomes using Dry Blood Spot samples from patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy and attending routine care in 3 rural districts of Zimbabwe () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_851;
Overall, a high proportion(52%) of the samples confirmed resistance to 2nd line treatment, underlining the validity of the national guidelines to identify treatment failure, and the importance of the availability of resistance testing in this setting to initiate 3rd line treatment. The study also identified important challenges including sample transportation resulting in long turnaround time and delay in treatment switch showing the need for in-country HIVDR testing.
- lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Facilitators and barriers to delivery of dispensing messages to caregivers of children living with HIV at four HIV care centres in Kampala: a qualitative study () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_813;
Initiatives to improve dispensing messages should build on the existence of skilled and experienced health care workers at all HIV clinics and a network of expert clients who draw on their own experiences taking ARVs to educate others. Advocacy to address the broader health system challenges such as space and health workforce constraints will be critical as well.
- Isentress (raltegravir) / Merck (MSD)
Uptake of raltegravir granules in newborns diagnosed with HIV in Zimbabwe during the COVID-19 pandemic () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_805;
Lower than expected birth testing uptake and RAL usage were observed, in large part due to inconsistent supply chain and trained human resources shortages during COVID-19. Addressing health systems gaps for supply chain, staffing (training, retention, mentorship, and supervision), and ability to track HIV-positive newborns is needed to improve birth testing services and outcomes for HIV-exposed infants, timely ART initiation, and follow-up on optimized regimens.
- Tivicay (dolutegravir) / ViiV Healthcare
A community-driven approach to pediatric Dolutegravir (pDTG) based regimen transition among children of key populations living with HIV in Nigeria () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_800;
This evidence demonstrates that a KP family-centered and community-driven ARV delivery mechanism is an effective approach to rapid transitioning to PDTG Based regimens for CLHIV of key population . There is need to compare this approach with other methods in further study.
- Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women living with HIV: systematic review and meta-analysis () - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_796;
No significant differences in perinatal outcomes were found between LPV/r, ATV/r, and DRV/r. These findings should inform clinical guidelines and further studies are urgently needed to better understand the association of different HAART regimens with adverse perinatal outcomes.
- Daklinza (daclatasvir) / BMS, Tivicay (dolutegravir) / ViiV Healthcare
Quantifying the health and economic impact of voluntary licensing of HIV medicines in low- and middle-income countries: putting numbers on additional uptake, deaths averted, and money saved by MPP licences (Room 516/Channel 6) - May 12, 2022 - Abstract #AIDS2022AIDS_483;
Results for atazanavir (ATV), DTG (now also for paediatric use), lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r), and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), together representing > 95% of MPP impact so far, are presented... Modelling the impact of MPP licences for HIV medicines offers visibility on the overall contribution to the global HIV response of the MPP model of public-health oriented voluntary licensing and a means to assess the investment (additional expenditure) that would be needed for the same level of optimal drug uptake without MPP licences: 22 billion USD in cumulative theoretical expenditures avoided by 2030.
- || Arbidol (umifenovir) / Pharmstandard
Clinical, Review, Journal: Current Treatments and Therapeutic Options for COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) - May 12, 2022
Some of these treatments may have been in the early stages of testing. However, future preclinical and clinical trials are warranted to validate findings.
- | azithromycin / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Use of combined treatment of 3rd-generation cephalosporin, azithromycin and antiviral agents on moderate SARs-CoV-2 patients in South Korea: A retrospective cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - May 12, 2022
Combined treatment of 3rd cephalosporin, azithromycin and either low-dose lopinavir/ritonavir or hydroxychloroquine was not associated with better clinical outcomes in terms of time to symptom resolution, time to viral clearance, and hospital stay duration compared to standard supportive treatment alone. Microbiological evidence should be closely monitored when treating SARS-CoV-2 patients with antibiotics to prevent indiscreet administration of empirical antimicrobial treatments.
- | Prezcobix (darunavir/cobicistat) / Gilead, J&J
Observational data, Retrospective data, Journal: Darunavir-cobicistat versus lopinavir-ritonavir in the treatment of COVID-19 infection (DOLCI): A multicenter observational study. (Pubmed Central) - May 12, 2022
P
In patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, early treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir was associated with faster time to clinical improvement and/or virological clearance than darunavir-cobicistat. Future trials are warranted to confirm these findings.
- | lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Observational data, Retrospective data, Journal: Slower Recovery with Early Lopinavir/Ritonavir use in Pediatric COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study. (Pubmed Central) - May 7, 2022
Early treatment with LPV/r for pediatric COVID-19 patients was associated with longer time to clinical improvement. Our study advocates the recommendation against LPV/r use for pediatric patients across age groups.
- ||| Retrospective data, Review, Journal, Adverse events: Adverse perinatal outcomes associated with protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) - May 7, 2022
US, European, and UK guidelines include PI-based ART as first-line regimens, but advise against the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)-based ART, citing an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB)...We found no significant differences in perinatal outcomes between ART regimens containing LPV/r, atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r), and darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), which are the most commonly used PIs...These findings should inform clinical guidelines, and further efforts should be made to improve perinatal outcomes among pregnant WLHIV. None.
- || Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) / Pfizer, lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Agreed. Paxlovid is Kaletra re-boxed according to Dr Urso. “It’s pretty toxic”. https://t.co/25kIidKLiU (Twitter) - May 7, 2022
- |||| Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) / Pfizer, lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Video: @richardursomd on Pfizer's significantly toxic Paxlovid: "They took almost the exact same drug as Kaletra, they dressed it up, they put a box around it and they're selling it for what, five billion? It's absurd." Video is well worth the two minutes. (Twitter) - May 6, 2022
- | ritonavir / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: In silico analysis and identification of antiviral coumarin derivatives against 3-chymotrypsin-like main protease of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022
The results confirmed that the 3CLpro-glycycoumarin, 3CLpro-oxypeucedanin hydrate, and 3CLpro-inophyllum P complexes were highly stable, experience fewer conformation fluctuations and share a similar degree of compactness. Also, the pharmacokinetics and drug-likeness studies showed good results for the selected coumarin phytochemicals.Therefore, the coumarin phytochemicals could be used as antiviral agents in the treatment of COVID-19 after further studies.
- | sulphadiazine / Generic mfg., pyrimethamine / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Effect of HIV aspartyl protease inhibitors on experimental infection with a cystogenic Me49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022
We investigated the potential activity of L/R against experimental T. gondii infection with a cystogenic Me49 strain in mice, considering the role of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the neuropathology versus pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine combination therapy...Cerebral hypercellularity, perivascular inflammatory response, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and glial cellular reaction were ameliorated by L/R treatment. Herein, L/R was proved to possess promising preventive and therapeutic perspectives in chronic cerebral toxoplasmosis.
- || lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: HOSPITAL COMPOUNDING TO FACE SHORTAGE: A CASE STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LOPINAVIR-RITONAVIR ORAL SUSPENSION DURING THE FIRST WAVE OF SARS-COV-2 IN FRANCE (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022
This has resulted in the design of kits that include multi-dose packaging and a measuring device and contain the appropriate quantities of drugs to ensure at least one week's treatment for each patient, during which time the kit in use can be stored at room temperature. The intensive care team used this treatment under conditions that they considered well adapted until the imported specialty became available.
- hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Observational data, Retrospective data, Journal: Comparative outcomes of lopinavir/ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 with mild-to-moderate severity: A retrospective observational study. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022
The intensive care team used this treatment under conditions that they considered well adapted until the imported specialty became available. Based on our study results, HCQ shows no apparent advantage compared to LPV/r for preventing progression to severe disease in patients with COVID-19.
- || lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Trial primary completion date: TREATNOW: Trial of Early Therapies During Non-hospitalized Outpatient Window for COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 28, 2022
P2, N=600, Active, not recruiting, Sponsor: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Based on our study results, HCQ shows no apparent advantage compared to LPV/r for preventing progression to severe disease in patients with COVID-19. Trial primary completion date: Apr 2022 --> Dec 2021
- || lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
PK/PD data, Journal: Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of 3 HIV Drugs in Combination and the Role of Lymphatic System after Subcutaneous Dosing. Part 2: Model for the Drug-combination Nanoparticles. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 26, 2022
We previously developed a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic (MBPK) model to characterize the PK of a lymphocyte-targeted, long-acting 3 HIV drug-combination nanoparticle (DcNP) formulation of lopinavir, ritonavir, and tenofovir...The present PBPK model can be extended to other nano-drug combinations that target or transit through the lymphatic system. The PBPK model may allow scaling and prediction of DcNP PK in humans.
- ||| ritonavir / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal, Adverse events: Identification of Drug Interaction Adverse Events in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 26, 2022
The main finding of this systematic review is that the use of drug interaction checkers could have identified several DDI-associated adverse drug reactions, including severe and life-threatening events. Both the interactions between the drugs used to treat COVID-19 and between the COVID-19 drugs and those already used by the patients should be evaluated.
- | Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Biomarker, Journal: Predictive factors of six-week mortality in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2: A multicenter prospective study. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 26, 2022
Administration of corticosteroids showed no benefits in mortality, as did treatment with tocilizumab. Lopinavir/ritonavir administration is identified as a protective factor.
- | Retrospective data, Journal: Antiviral Used among Non-Severe COVID-19 Cases in Relation to Time till Viral Clearance: A Retrospective Cohort Study. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 24, 2022
The age and gender of patients did not significantly affect the rate of viral clearance regardless of the antiviral therapy administered, even when compared to patients who received symptomatic treatment only, with the exception of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), azithromycin, and favipiravir, which increased the odds of a faster rate of viral clearance by 46% after adjustments. (4) No significant differences were observed regarding the time until viral clearance among non-severe COVID-19 patients following the prescription of different antiviral drugs.
- | lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Development of Advanced 3D-Printed Solid Dosage Pediatric Formulations for HIV Treatment. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 24, 2022
This work has demonstrated, for the first time, the feasibility of using direct powder extrusion 3D printing to manufacture personalized pediatric HIV dosage forms based on 6 mm spherical tablets. H-bonding between drugs and excipients (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and polyethylene glycol) resulted in the formation of amorphous solid dispersions with a zero-order sustained release profile, opposite to the commercially available formulation Kaletra, which exhibited marked drug precipitation at the intestinal pH.
- | Journal: QTc interval prolongation in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and treated with antiviral drugs. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 20, 2022
The use of antivirals caused an increase on the QTc interval after 72 h of treatment, being the QTc long in 36.3% of the patients, although no arrhythmic events were observed. The use of hydroxychloroquine and antivirals requires active QTc monitoring and it is recommended to discontinue treatment if QTc > 500 ms.
- | lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
New P1 trial: Lopinavir/Ritonavir in PLWH With High-Grade AIN (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 19, 2022
P1, N=30, Not yet recruiting, Sponsor: University of Wisconsin, Madison
- || lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Trial of Early Antiviral Therapies during Non-hospitalized Outpatient Window (TREAT NOW) for COVID-19: a summary of the protocol and analysis plan for a decentralized randomized controlled trial. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 17, 2022
P2
If effective treatments for COVID-19 can be identified for individuals in the outpatient setting before they advance to severe disease, it will prevent progression to more severe disease, reduce the need for hospitalization, and shorten the duration of symptoms. The novel decentralized, "no touch" approach used by the TREAT NOW platform has distinction advantages over traditional in-person trials to reach broader populations and perform study procedures in a pragmatic yet rigorous manner.
- || lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Assessing risk factors for hypertension in young adults with perinatally acquired HIV infection: A case-control study. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 15, 2022
The results of this study suggest that most traditional and HIV-related risk factors do not appear to increase the odds of having hypertension in this cohort of individuals. The aetiology of hypertension in this population remains to be elucidated.
- || ivermectin oral / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Review, Journal: Safety profile of COVID-19 drugs in a real clinical setting. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 15, 2022
In contrast, ample well-conducted studies have approved the use of remdesivir, tocilizumab, and dexamethasone under certain conditions in COVID-19 patients. Consequently, it is significant to establish a strong surveillance system in order to monitor the proper safety and toxicity profile of the potential anti-COVID-19 drugs with good clinical outcomes.
- | ritonavir / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Revealing the toxicity of lopinavir- and ritonavir-containing water and wastewater treated by photo-induced processes to Danio rerio and Allivibrio fischeri. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 15, 2022
This shows that even if the physicochemical parameters of water and wastewater are within the standard requirements/limits, the presence of traces of antiviral drugs and their intermediates can affect the survival and behavior of Danio rerio and Allivibrio fischeri. Therefore, the photo-induced processes and additional treatment of water and wastewater containing ritonavir can minimize its toxic effect.
- || abacavir / Generic mfg.
PK/PD data, Retrospective data, Journal: Abacavir pharmacokinetics in African children living with HIV: a pooled analysis describing the effects of age, malnutrition and common concomitant medications. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 12, 2022
Therefore, the photo-induced processes and additional treatment of water and wastewater containing ritonavir can minimize its toxic effect. In this pooled analysis we found that children on lopinavir/ritonavir or efavirenz had similar abacavir exposures, while concomitant TB treatment and super-boosted lopinavir gave significantly reduced abacavir concentrations.
- ||| hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg.
Journal, Adverse events: Off-label use of hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19: analysis of reports of suspected adverse reactions from the Italian National Network of Pharmacovigilance. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 12, 2022
The combination therapy with azithromycin was another independent predictor of a serious ADR. Off-label use of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19, alone or in combination regimens, was associated with increased incidence and/or seriousness of specific ADRs in patients with additional risk factors caused by the infection.
- ||| chloroquine phosphate / Generic mfg., hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg., azithromycin / Generic mfg.
Journal, Adverse events: Serious Cardiovascular Adverse Events Associated with Hydroxychloroquine/Chloroquine Alone or with Azithromycin in Patients with COVID-19: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). (Pubmed Central) - Apr 8, 2022
Patients treated with HCQ/CQ monotherapy or HCQ/CQ + azithromycin may be at increased risk of SCAEs, TdP/QTc prolongation, and ventricular arrhythmia. Cardiovascular risks need to be considered when evaluating the benefit/harm balance of treatment with HCQ/CQ, especially with the concurrent use of QTc-prolonging agents and cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors when treating COVID-19.
- | Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Journal, Real-world evidence: Acute Kidney Injury and Drugs Prescribed for COVID-19 in Diabetes Patients: A Real-World Disproportionality Analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 5, 2022
These safety signals suggested more individualized treatments for COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. Cross-disciplinary collaborative is needed to improve current strategy of clinical treatment and develop new approaches to management.
- | azithromycin / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Enrollment change, Trial termination: REP-COVID: Plasma Exchange in Patients With COVID-19 Disease and Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: a Randomized Controlled Trial (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 5, 2022
P2, N=36, Terminated, Sponsor: Fundacion Clinic per a la Recerca Biom
Cross-disciplinary collaborative is needed to improve current strategy of clinical treatment and develop new approaches to management. N=116 --> 36 | Recruiting --> Terminated; inability to recruit more patients
- ASC-09 / J&J, ASC09F / Ascletis
Enrollment change, Trial termination: Evaluating and Comparing the Safety and Efficiency of ASC09/Ritonavir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir for Novel Coronavirus Infection (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 4, 2022
P=N/A, N=6, Terminated, Sponsor: First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University
N=116 --> 36 | Recruiting --> Terminated; inability to recruit more patients N=160 --> 6 | Not yet recruiting --> Terminated; There were no more subjects enrolled.
- || hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Repurposing of drugs for Covid-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2022
Further large clinical trials are required to achieve more reliable findings. A risk-benefit analysis is required on an individual basis to weigh out the potential improvement in clinical outcome and viral load reduction compared to the risks of the adverse events.
- || lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
PK/PD data, Journal: Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of 3 HIV Drugs in Combination and the Role of Lymphatic System after Subcutaneous Dosing. Part 1: Model for the Free-drug Mixture. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2022
The model, for the first time, introduces the lymphatic network as part of a whole-body PBPK system and singles out major lymphatic regions: cervical, axillary, hilar, mesenteric, and inguinal nodes. Although the scope of the free-drug modeling was to support the construction of the nanoparticle model (Part 2), such a detailed/regionalized description of the lymphatic system and mononuclear cells represent an unprecedented level of prediction that renders the free drug model extendible to other small-drug molecules targeting the lymphatic system at both the regional and cellular level.
- || Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) / Pfizer, Lagevrio (molnupiravir) / Ridgeback Biotherap, Merck (MSD)
Review, Journal: Drug interaction risk between cardioprotective drugs and drugs used in treatment of COVID-19: A evidence-based review from six databases. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 1, 2022
These enhance the view on safety concerns about the drug interaction risk in managing COVID-19 infection in patients with comorbid conditions. This primary evidence may concern preventing potential or unintentional effects resulting from Drug-drug interaction, Improving patient quality of life.
- || lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Parenteral nutrition-associated complications in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (Pubmed Central) - Mar 31, 2022
the incidence of complications associated with PN in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS is frequent. The mortality risk is higher in older patients or those with catheter-related infection.
- | Olumiant (baricitinib) / Incyte, Eli Lilly, Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma, Efleira (netakimab) / Biocad
New trial: COVID-19 Study at the Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology of the Pirogov RNRMU (clinicaltrials.gov) - Mar 31, 2022
P=N/A, N=154, Completed, Sponsor: Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- | hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Evaluation of the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy, fetus and newborn, and treatment management. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 29, 2022
In addition, treatments such as Lopinavir/Ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine did not have any effect. These patients should be carefully evaluated and followed up.
- | Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Trial completion date, Trial suspension: ULTRA-COVID: Ultra Low Doses of Therapy With Radiation Applicated to COVID-19 (clinicaltrials.gov) - Mar 29, 2022
P=N/A, N=15, Suspended, Sponsor: Fundacion GenesisCare
These patients should be carefully evaluated and followed up. Trial completion date: Apr 2021 --> Mar 2022 | Recruiting --> Suspended
- || hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Mais dans Discovery, le lopinavir/ritonavir, l'interféron, l'hydroxychloroquine (ajouté juste pour faire taire la polémique montante) n'ont servi que de faire-valoir au remdésivir. Après ces échecs attendus (les malades traités avaient déjà passé la phase virale) qu'a-t-on fait? (Twitter) - Mar 28, 2022
- | ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Simultaneous Determination of Six Antiretroviral Drugs in Human Hair Using an LC-ESI+-MS/MS Method: Application to Adherence Assessment. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 24, 2022
Trial completion date: Apr 2021 --> Mar 2022 | Recruiting --> Suspended The developed method demonstrated good reliability, to comprehensively and accurately assess adherence in PLWH receiving different ART regimens.
- | hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and liver injury: a retrospective analysis and a multicenter experience. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 23, 2022
Mild liver injury is relatively common in COVID-19 and possibly influenced by medication. Patients with chronic liver disease are at high risk for negative outcome, but the severity of the infection is the only predictor of death.
- || Tivicay (dolutegravir) / ViiV Healthcare
Clinical, Journal: Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Mechanisms and Structural Characteristics in Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, Integrase Inhibitor-Naive Adults With HIV-1 Infection Treated With Dolutegravir Plus 2 Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the DAWNING Study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 23, 2022
P3b
Overall, among treatment-experienced adults who received dolutegravir in DAWNING, 6 of 314 participants developed treatment-emergent INSTI resistance-associated substitutions, with in vitro dolutegravir resistance >10 fold-change and reduced viral replication capacity vs baseline levels. This study demonstrates that the pathway to dolutegravir resistance is a challenging balance between HIV-1 phenotypic change and associated loss of viral fitness (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02227238).
- | hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg., ceftriaxone / Generic mfg.
Journal: On Therapeutic Plasma Exchange Against Severe COVID-19-Associated Pneumonia: An Observational Clinical Study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 23, 2022
The univariate hazard ratio (HR) of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.26; 1.80; p = 0.441) for TPE turned to 1.19 (95%CI: 0.43; 3.29; p = 0.741) after adjusting for severity. In this study sample, the lower mortality observed among patients receiving TPE was due to a lower severity of COVID-19 rather than the TPE effects.