- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Biomarker, Clinical, Clinical protocol, Journal: Double-blind, randomized, controlled, trial to assess the efficacy of allogenic mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19 (COVID-AT): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 14, 2021 P2 The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.
- |||||||||| ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Interactions of Potential Anti-COVID-19 Compounds with Multispecific ABC and OATP Drug Transporters. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 14, 2021 Our in vitro studies, using a variety of model systems, explored the interactions of the antimalarial agents chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine; the antihelmintic ivermectin; and the proposed antiviral compounds ritonavir, lopinavir, favipiravir, and remdesivir with the ABCB1/Pgp, ABCG2/BCRP, and ABCC1/MRP1 exporters, as well as the organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)2B1 and OATP1A2 uptake transporters. The results presented here show numerous pharmacologically relevant transporter interactions and may provide a warning on the potential toxicities of these repurposed drugs, especially in drug combinations at the clinic.
- |||||||||| Copegus (ribavirin) / Bausch Health
Review, Journal: Can Zn Be a Critical Element in COVID-19 Treatment? (Pubmed Central) - Jan 13, 2021 Again, the effectiveness of Zn can be enhanced by using chloroquine as an ionophore while Zn inside the infected cell can stop SARS-CoV-2 replication. Given those benefits, this perspective paper describes how and why Zn could be given due consideration as a complement to the prescribed treatment of COVID-19.
- |||||||||| Kalydeco (ivacaftor) / Vertex
Journal: Innovations in Thermal Processing: Hot-Melt Extrusion and KinetiSol® Dispersing. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 12, 2021 The purpose of this review is to provide an update on recent innovations reported for using hot-melt extrusion and KinetiSol® Dispersing technologies to formulate poorly water-soluble APIs in amorphous solid dispersions. We will address development challenges for poorly water-soluble APIs and how these two processes meet these challenges.
- |||||||||| ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Network analysis and molecular mapping for SARS-CoV-2 to reveal drug targets and repurposing of clinically developed drugs. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 10, 2021 KEGG pathway analysis involves multiple pathways (P < 0.05), including FoxO, GnRH, ErbB, Neurotrophin, Toll-like receptor, IL-17, TNF, Insulin, HIF-1, JAK-STAT, Estrogen, NF-kappa, Chemokine, VEGF, and Thyroid hormone signaling pathway in SARS-CoV-2. Docking study was carried out to predict the molecular mechanism Thus, the potential drug combinations could reduce viral infectivity, viral replication, and abnormal host inflammatory responses and may be useful for multi-target drugs against SARS-CoV-2.
- |||||||||| lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: SEX DIFFERENCES IN OUTCOMES FOR INDIVIDUALS PRESENTING FOR THIRD-LINE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 9, 2021 More women than men entered the study with a resistance profile suggesting that their second-line regimen could have been effective in maintaining virologic suppression. The more frequent occurrence of Grade≥3 signs and symptoms in women suggests that tolerability issues were under recognized in women on PI based therapy.
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Clinical, Journal: COVID-19 Therapeutics for Solid Organ Transplant Recipients; 6 Months Into the Pandemic: Where Are We Now? (Pubmed Central) - Jan 7, 2021 More recently, with the publication of larger trials, there has been increasing use of remdesivir, dexamethasone, and convalescent plasma, with rapid proliferation of clinical trials including a wide variety of investigational and repurposed agents with antiviral or immunomodulatory effects. This overview focuses on what is known about the effects of different therapies in SOT recipients with COVID-19, mainly from case series and, more recently, larger multicenter registries; as well as outlining the information that will be needed in order to optimize management and outcomes in SOT recipients with COVID-19 in the future.
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Clinical, Review, Journal: Systematic Review on the Therapeutic Options for COVID-19: Clinical Evidence of Drug Efficacy and Implications. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 7, 2021 Recently, tocilizumab, dexamethasone, and methylprednisolone significantly relieved lung inflammation and decreased mortality in patients with severe COVID-19...Nonetheless, dexamethasone has shown promise in symptomatic treatment and convalescent plasma in boosting immunity. New treatments are currently being researched, and the findings will be reported accordingly to provide evidence-based guidance for prescribers and policymakers.
- |||||||||| Clinical, Retrospective data, Journal: Therapeutic Effectiveness of Interferon Alpha 2b Treatment for COVID-19 Patient Recovery. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 5, 2021
Benefits of IFN were significantly supported by time variables analyzed. This second report confirmed our preliminary evidence about the therapeutic effectiveness of IFN-α2b in SARS-CoV-2 infection and postulated Heberon Alpha R as the main component within antiviral drugs used in the Cuban protocol COVID-19.
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
FDA event, Review, Journal: FDA approved drugs with pharmacotherapeutic potential for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) therapy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 30, 2020 We discuss a number of other drugs that are currently in clinical trials, whose results are not yet available, and in various instances we enrich such efficacy analysis by invoking historic data on the treatment of SARS, MERS, influenza, or in vitro studies. Meanwhile, scientists worldwide are seeking to discover novel drugs that take advantage of the molecular structure of the virus, its intracellular life cycle that probably elucidates unfolded-protein response, as well as its mechanism of surface binding and cell invasion, like angiotensin converting enzymes-, HR1, and metalloproteinase inhibitors.
- |||||||||| Clinical, Review, Journal: Recent progress of antiviral therapy for coronavirus disease 2019. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 30, 2020
In addition, we analyze the causes of controversy in antiviral drug research and discuss the quality of current studies on antiviral treatments. High-quality randomized clinical trials are required to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.
- |||||||||| Journal: COVID-19 presenting as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). (Pubmed Central) - Dec 30, 2020
The patient showed delayed improvement in lactate dehydrogenase, haemoglobin and platelet count until we increased the volume of plasma exchange and subsided the inflammatory response of COVID-19. After that, the patient showed an excellent recovery.
- |||||||||| Copegus (ribavirin) / Bausch Health, Arbidol (umifenovir) / Pharmstandard
Clinical, Review, Journal: A Review of Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Therapeutic Repurposing and Unmet Clinical Needs. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 29, 2020 Some small sample-size studies showed that interleukin-6 inhibitors may demonstrate clinical improvement; non-critical patients may benefit from convalescent plasma infusion in small sample-size studies; and the role of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19 remains unclear...interferon, lopinavir, or arbidol) may alleviate inflammation in severe COVID-19 patients based on small sample-sized observational studies and experts' opinion...Traditional Chinese medicine with antiviral effects on SARS-CoV-2 and immune-modulation is widely used for COVID-19 patients in China, and is worthy of further studies. In this review, we aim to highlight the available therapeutic options for COVID-19 based on current clinical evidence and encourage clinical trials specific for children and for patients with mild disease or at the early stage of COVID-19.
- |||||||||| hydroxychloroquine / Generic mfg., lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: COVIDAXIS: Chemoprophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19) in Exposed Healthcare Workers (clinicaltrials.gov) - Dec 27, 2020 P3, N=1200, Active, not recruiting, In this review, we aim to highlight the available therapeutic options for COVID-19 based on current clinical evidence and encourage clinical trials specific for children and for patients with mild disease or at the early stage of COVID-19. Trial completion date: Nov 2020 --> Mar 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2020 --> Mar 2021
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
[VIRTUAL] Treatment characteristics and strategies for COVID-19: a quality improvement project () - Dec 26, 2020 - Abstract #ASHP2020ASHP_3576; Due to rapidly evolving literature and evidence surrounding SARS-CoV2, treatment strategies varied significantly depending on timing of patient admission in this retrospective cohort. Regardless of the variability in COVID-19 specific treatment strategies, this retrospective analysis provided important information regarding severity of illness and medication utilization which will assist in future purchasing, stocking, and distribution.
- |||||||||| Arbidol (umifenovir) / Pharmstandard
Clinical, Journal: Effect of Arbidol (Umifenovir) on COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 24, 2020 Our findings showed that Arbidol, compared to KALETRA, significantly contributes to clinical and laboratory improvements, including peripheral oxygen saturation, requiring ICU admissions, duration of hospitalization, chest CT involvements, WBC, and ESR. We suggest further studies on ARB against COVID-19 using larger sample size and multicenter design.
- |||||||||| Prezista (darunavir) / J&J, Copegus (ribavirin) / Bausch Health, Arbidol (umifenovir) / Pharmstandard
Journal: Tissue distributions of antiviral drugs affect their capabilities of reducing viral loads in COVID-19 treatment. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 22, 2020 So far, chloroquine, lopinavir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, favipiravir, ribavirin, darunavir, remdesivir, and umifenovir have been tested in COVID-19 clinical trials...Conversely, drugs with poor lung distributions, including lopinavir/ritonavir, umifenovir and remdesivir, were insufficient to inhibit viral replication...We concluded here that the antiviral drugs should be distributed straight to the lung tissue for reducing viral loads in respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients. Additionally, to better evaluate antiviral effects of drugs that target the intestine, the stool samples should also be collected for viral RNA test in the future.
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Immune Therapy, or Antiviral Therapy, or Both for COVID-19: A Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 22, 2020 Beyond the supportive therapy, up to now the best therapeutic approach for COVID-19 may be a three-step combination therapy, including remdesivir 100 mg/day (200 mg loading dose on first day) in the first stage of the disease, and combined dexamethasone 6 mg/day plus baricitinib 4 mg/day to target the immune dysregulation triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The promising results of anakinra should be confirmed by the ongoing RCTs.
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Clinical, Journal: Remdesivir and acute renal failure: a potential safety signal from disproportionality analysis of the WHO safety database. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2020 Based on ARF cases reported in VigiBase®, and despite the caveats inherent to COVID-19 circumstances, we detected a statistically significant pharmacovigilance signal of nephrotoxicity associated with remdesivir, deserving a thorough qualitative assessment of all available data. Meanwhile, as recommended in its Summary of Product Characteristics, assessment of COVID-19 patients' renal function should prevail before and during treatment with remdesivir in COVID-19.
- |||||||||| lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: COVID-19 meningitis without pulmonary involvement with positive cerebrospinal fluid PCR. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 20, 2020 The diagnosis of COVID-19 meningitis was made and the patient was treated solely with Kaletra , with a second CSF analysis confirming our unique finding 1 week later...The disease remains largely unknown for its neurological complications. Herein, we discuss a unique case of isolated COVID-19 meningitis.
- |||||||||| favipiravir / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and safety of favipiravir in the management of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) patients. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 20, 2020 Regarding adverse effects, except for the occurrence of rash (higher in the FPV group), safety was comparable to SOC. In our study, there was a marginal difference between the FPV and the SOC arm in terms of "clinical improvement" on day 7-10 or 10-14, and "virological negativity" on day 10-14." However, some benefit was observed in a few studies, but it was also comparable to the control drugs or SOC.
- |||||||||| Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
Journal: Gender differences in treatment of Coronavirus Disease-2019. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 20, 2020 In this review, we analyzed published studies on several drugs (chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavir-ritonavir in combination, tocilizumab, plasma, and immunoglobulins) with some efficacy to COVID-19 in humans, and evaluated if there were a gender analysis of the available data. In our opinion, it is essential to report data about COVID-19 disaggregated by sex, age, and race, because the knowledge of gender differences is fundamental to identify effective and customized treatments to reduce hospitalizations, admissions to intensive care units, and mortality.
- |||||||||| lopinavir/ritonavir / Generic mfg.
Journal: Dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease in Vietnamese people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 19, 2020 With expanding antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Vietnam, the use of second-line ART with ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r) is increasing...LPV/r exposure was not a risk factor for the incidence of CVD. Although a causative relation with LPV/r and CVD was not identified in this study, attention should be paid to CVD for patients on LPV/r in the future.
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