galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Biomarker, Clinical, Journal:  CSF Cholinergic Index, a New Biomeasure of Treatment Effect in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 5, 2019   
    We investigated whether treatment with a cholinesterase-inhibitor, galantamine, alters the relative levels of AChE to ChAT in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and whether levels of these CSF biomarkers correlate with in vivo AChE activity and nicotinic binding sites in the brain assessed by positron emission tomography (PET)...The treatment-specific increase in CSF ChAT activity suggests that cholinesterase-inhibitors may also increase the ACh-biosynthesis capacity in the patients. Additional studies are warranted to evaluate the utility of the CSF Cholinergic index as a biomeasure of therapeutic effect in AD.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics, rivastigmine / generics
    Journal:  Cognitive improvement of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in schizophrenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 2, 2019   
    The current evidence is too weak to base recommendations on the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as adjunctive treatments to antipsychotics to improve basic cognitive functions. We have limited confidence in the effect estimates.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Journal:  Synthesis and Inhibition Evaluation of New Benzyltetrahydroprotoberberine Alkaloids Designed as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 18, 2019   
    Due to the similarities observed when compared with galantamine in the AChE complex, the results suggest that ligand-target interactions would increase, especially for the N-benzyl derivatives...The on flow bioaffinity chromatography inhibition assay, based on the quantification of choline, revealed the N-benzylated compound 1a and its epimer 1b to be the most active, with IC of 40.6 ± 1 and 51.9 ± 1 μM, respectively, and a non-competitive mechanism. The proposed approach, which is based on molecular docking and bioaffinity chromatography, demonstrated the usefulness of stepholidine as a template for the design of rational AChEIs and showed how the target-alkaloid derivatives interact with AChE.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Galantamine-Memantine Combination Effective in Dementia: Translate to Schizophrenia and Beyond? (Floridian Ballroom) -  Oct 17, 2019 - Abstract #ACNP2019ACNP_1116;    
    By their action on α7nACh and NMDA receptors, galantamine and memantine can counteract the effects of kynurenic acid and synergistically enhance MMN and BDNF. The galantamine-memantine combination as “double antioxidants” is promising.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics, memantine / generics
    The Investigation of Symptoms in Alzheimers Disease: Toward Optimal Strategies of Treatment for the Disease (Floridian Ballroom) -  Oct 17, 2019 - Abstract #ACNP2019ACNP_956;    
    BPSD are worse in the middle stages than those in the early stages, but controllable by the treatment. To inhibit decreasing of cognitive function in AD, and thus to prevent occurrence of BPSD and aggravation of ADL, it is critical to maintain initial good cognitive function as much as possible, besides early detection of AD and initiation of the treatment.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics, memantine / generics
    Review, Journal, Adverse events:  Antipsychotic Treatment of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD): Management of Extrapyramidal Side Effects. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 15, 2019   
    Antidepressant drugs, which inhibit 5-HT reuptake into the nerve terminals, also synergistically augment antipsychotic-induced EPS, while mirtazapine (α, 5-HT and 5-HT antagonist) reduces the EPS induction...Specifically, activation of 5-HT receptors or blockade of 5-HT, 5-HT and 5-HT receptors can alleviate EPS induction both by antipsychotics alone and by combined antipsychotic treatments with ChEIs or 5-HT reuptake inhibitors. In this article, we review antipsychotic use in treating BPSD and discuss the favorable drug selection in terms of the management of antipsychotic-induced EPS.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics, bromocriptine / generics
    Clinical, Journal:  The efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for post-stroke aphasia. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 11, 2019   
    Bromocriptine showed no significant improvement in the treatment of aphasia after stroke. The trial for galantamine, amphetamine and levodopa in the treatment of aphasia after stroke is limited and inconclusive.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  France Will No More Reimburse Available Symptomatic Drugs Against Alzheimer's Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 10, 2019   
    The evidence-based medicine related to these drugs reaches a high level in literature, whereas the clinical relevance of these treatments must be considered with co-prescription of psychosocial interventions and related approaches. As no serious pharmacovigilance signal has been provided by health authorities, the ratio of benefits/risks favors these drugs.
  • ||||||||||  risperidone / Generic Mfg., Egis, olanzapine / Generic Mfg., quetiapine / Generic Mfg.
    Patterns of Lewy body dementia diagnosis and treatment in Florida (Les Muses, Level 3) -  Sep 24, 2019 - Abstract #MDSCongress2019MDS_1678;    
    African-Americans account for a lower percent of LBD cases than the proportion of African-Americans (17%) in Florida suggesting LBD may be underdiagnosed in this population [1]. Opportunities to improve care include diagnosis amongst racial/ethnic minorities and decreased use of inappropriate antipsychotics.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics, rivastigmine / generics
    INTERVENTIONS TO ENHANCE SLEEP IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND MILD ALZHEIMER’S DEMENTIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (Board #340t - Exhibition) -  Sep 17, 2019 - Abstract #WSS2019WSS_1938;    
    There is currently a lack of high quality studies targeting interventions for sleep disturbances in people at risk of, or with early evidence of AD. Our overall conclusion is that few well-designed studies have capitalised on the range of psychological, pharmacological, technological and lifestyle approaches that might benefit this patient population.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Biomarker, Clinical, Journal:  An EEG nicotinic acetylcholine index to assess the efficacy of pro-cognitive compounds. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2019   
    Our overall conclusion is that few well-designed studies have capitalised on the range of psychological, pharmacological, technological and lifestyle approaches that might benefit this patient population. This novel measure for quantifying nicotinic cholinergic effects on the EEG could serve as a useful tool in drug development of pro-cognitive compounds.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Journal:  Simultaneous LC-MS/MS Determination of 18 Plant Toxins in Beverages (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 13, 2019   
    Method validation in terms of intra-day precision, accuracy, and extraction recovery obtained satisfactory results. The calibration curves for the analytes were linear from 5 to 200 ng/mL (r>0.990), which enabled the determination of toxins in even trace amounts.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Preclinical, Journal:  A novel on-flow mass spectrometry-based dual enzyme assay. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2019   
    Acetylcholine (ACh) was used as substrate; the area of its protonated enzymatic hydrolysis product ion, choline, [M+H]m/z 104.0, was monitored in the presence and absence of the standard cholinesterase inhibitor galantamine. This method proved to be an interesting tool for fast, simultaneous, and independent label-free dual enzyme inhibitor assay.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics, rivastigmine / generics
    Retrospective data, Review, Journal, HEOR:  Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Cognitive Enhancers for Treating Alzheimer's Disease: Systematic Review and Network Metaanalysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 7, 2019   
    An exhaustive review of the literature involving 142 studies demonstrated that cognitive enhancers in general have minimal effects on cognition according to minimal clinically important difference and global ratings. The drugs appear safe, but this must be interpreted cautiously because trial participants may have less comorbidity and fewer adverse effects than those treated with these drugs in clinical practice.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Journal:  Transcriptome Analysis and Metabolic Profiling of Lycoris Radiata. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 1, 2019   
    Additionally, a total of 40 hydrophilic metabolites were detected in the different organs using gas-chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In particular, a strong positive correlation between galantamine and sucrose, which provides energy for the secondary metabolite biosynthesis, was observed.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Journal:  Pleurotus ostreatus and Laetiporus sulphureus (Agaricomycetes): Possible Agents against Alzheimer and Parkinson Diseases. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 8, 2019   
    ...The most efficient acetylcholinesterase inhibitor was hot water extract of P. ostreatus fruiting body, which was slightly weaker than the commercial preparation, galantamine...Considering that tested extracts were rich in phenols and that their amounts were in positive correlation with the extent of radical neutralization and acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibition, it is assumed that these compounds are the potential carriers of the neuroprotective activities. Owing to the significant antioxidative and antineurodegenerative capacity of these species, they can be suggested as novel nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics, rivastigmine / generics
    Clinical, Journal:  Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors: Beneficial Effects on Comorbidities in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    We here report evidence from the literature that ACHEI treatment, prescribed for cognitive impairment, can reduce the load of medications in patients with AD by also addressing cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and other comorbidities. Using one drug to address multiple symptoms can reduce costs and improve medication compliance.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Preclinical, Journal:  Acceleration of NLRP3 inflammasome by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in Alzheimer's disease model mouse. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 26, 2019   
    These pathological changes were ameliorated by galantamine treatment. The present study demonstrated that CCH strongly enhanced primary AD pathology including neuroinflammation, Aβ accumulations and NVU dissociation in AD mice, which was greatly protected by an allosterically potentiating ligand galantamine.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / generics, galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Journal:  Nicotine-like discriminative stimulus effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and a muscarinic receptor agonist in rhesus monkeys. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 24, 2019   
    ...Because some smoking cessation aids (e.g. varenicline) appear to work by mimicking the effects of nicotine, we used drug discrimination to examine whether AChE inhibitors and nAChR allosteric modulators mimic the effects of nicotine...Nicotine and the AChE inhibitors donepezil and galantamine dose-dependently increased responding on the nicotine-appropriate lever with ED values of 0.35, 0.22, and 0.77 mg/kg, respectively...Collectively, these results suggest that AChE inhibitors can mimic the effects of nicotine by indirectly stimulating both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. Inasmuch as some smoking cessation aids work by exerting nicotine-like effects, the current results are consistent with the potential use of AChE inhibitors as novel smoking cessation aids.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Clinical, Journal:  Galantamine and Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Cocaine Dependence: A Randomized Clinical Trial. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 4, 2019   
    P2
    Findings suggest benefits of galantamine and computerized CBT for reducing cocaine use in this sample. Although galantamine did not improve measures of cognitive function in this sample, multiple measures of cognitive function were associated with cocaine use outcomes, underlining the significance of cognitive function in cocaine treatment outcomes.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Benzofuran and indole: A promising scaffold for drug development in Alzheimer's disease. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 26, 2019   
    Looking at the wide pharmaceutical applications of heterocyclic compounds and particularly those containing benzofuran and indole ring system; these molecular frameworks draw special attention of the medicinal chemists for further evaluation in numerous diseases. This article focuses on the history and recent advances of benzofuran and indole based compounds as inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), γ-secretase, β-secretase, tau misfolding, and β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation.
  • ||||||||||  galantamine hydrobromide / generics
    Journal:  Post-injury administration of galantamine reduces traumatic brain injury pathology and improves outcome. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 17, 2019   
    Although mRNAs for both M1 (Nos2, TLR4, IL-12ß) and M2 (Arg1, CCL17, Mcr1) microglial phenotypes were elevated after TBI, galantamine treatment did not alter microglial polarization tested 24 hr and 6 days after injury. Taken together, these findings support the further investigation of galantamine as a treatment for TBI.
  • ||||||||||  Kinaction (masitinib) / AB Science
    Trial primary completion date:  Masitinib in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Jun 17, 2019   
    P3,  N=721, Active, not recruiting, 
    Taken together, these findings support the further investigation of galantamine as a treatment for TBI. Trial primary completion date: Apr 2019 --> Dec 2019