- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Research Note: Longitudinal monitoring of chicken houses in a commercial layer farm for antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli with special reference to plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 27, 2020
Eighty-seven isolates resistant to oxytetracycline (OTC) accounted for 23.0% of the tested isolates, followed by isolates resistant to dihydrostreptomycin (DSM) (18.4%), sulfisoxazole (18.1%), ampicillin (AMP) (14.4%), trimethoprim (TMP) (14.4%), and nalidixic acid (10.1%)...The tetA gene was detected in the plasmid harboring the qnrS13 gene, which was typed as IncI1. These results suggest that despite the low prevalence of quinolone resistance in this farm, various PMQR genes, located on diverse plasmids, exist.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Multidrug-Resistant Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains and Association of Their Virulence Genes in Bangladesh. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 1, 2020
The resistance patterns varied among different phylotypes, notably in phylotype B2, showing the highest resistance to ampicillin (90.91%), nalidixic acid (90.11%), tetracycline (83.72%), and nitrofurantoin (65.12%)...This report demonstrated that B2 and A1 phylotypes are dominantly circulating APEC phylotypes in Bangladesh; however, B2 and D2 are strongly associated with the pathogenicity. A high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant APEC strains from different phylotypes suggest the use of organic antimicrobial compounds, and/or metals, and the rotational use of antibiotics in poultry farms in Bangladesh.
- |||||||||| ciprofloxacin / Generic mfg., meropenem / Generic mfg., Daewon Pharmaceutical, ceftazidime / Generic mfg.
Journal: Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella in the commercial eggs in China. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 24, 2020
Three Salmonella isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics. This study provides valuable baseline data of the occurrence of Salmonella in eggs, which will be used for risk assessments of possible human foodborne infections associated with the consumption of contaminated eggs.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Isolation, identification and character analysis of Streptococcus dysgalactiae from Megalobrama terminalis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 21, 2020
The antimicrobial susceptibility assay revealed that isolate F3 was susceptible to ampicillin, florfenicol and several other antibiotics but resistant to nalidixic acid, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, neomycin and amikacin. To our knowledge, this is the first report that S. dysgalactiae infected the subtropical freshwater fish M. terminalis, which indicates that this bacterium is a potential threat to subtropical freshwater fish.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Effects of a mannan-rich yeast cell wall-derived preparation on cecal concentrations and tissue prevalence of Salmonella Enteritidis in layer chickens. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 21, 2020
Sixteen week-old layer pullets were orally challenged with a selected nalidixic acid resistant SE strain at a dose of 1.7×10^9 colony forming units (CFU) per bird...As a result, SE concentrations in the ceca could not be directly related to the occurrence or prevalence of SE in these tissues. In conclusion, Actigen® supplementation appears to decrease the prevalence of SE in ovarian tissue and concentrations of SE in cecal contents and may be useful as a tool for reducing the risk of eggshell contamination and transovarian transmission of SE in eggs.
- |||||||||| Garamycin (gentamicin sulfate) / Generic mfg.
Journal: Prevalence, virulence attributes, and antibiogram of Bordetella avium isolated from turkeys in Egypt. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2020
avium isolates were resistant to penicillin (92.82%), ceftiofur (85.68%), nalidixic acid (78.54%), and lincomycin (71.40%). The identified B. avium strains showed clear sensitivities to both gentamicin and neomycin, suggesting these as possible antimicrobial candidates for the control of B. avium infection in turkeys.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Investigating the short- and long-term effects of antibacterial agents using a real-time assay based on bioluminescent E. coli-lux. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 10, 2020
In this study, kinetic measurements of seven specifically acting model antibacterials (i.e., polymyxin B, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, kanamycin, deoxynivalenol, erythromycin and tetracycline) and two metals (AgNO and CdCl) against E. coli-lux through a bioluminescence- and optical density-based real-time assay that combined short- and long-term toxicity assessments were performed...The combined assessment of short- and long-term effects reduces the risk of the underestimation of toxicity due to an inaccurate endpoint selection. The cost-efficient and fully automated E. coli-lux assessment technique may offer possibilities for high-throughput screening procedures.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Prevalence, Serotypes, and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles Among Salmonella Isolated from Food Catering Workers in Nantong, China. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 7, 2020
Antibiotic susceptibility analysis demonstrated that 73.4% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains with predominant resistance to ampicillin (AMP, 64.6%), followed by resistance to sulfisoxazole (SUL, 58.1%), nalidixic acid (55.8%), and tetracycline (TET, 44.5%). Therefore, MDR Salmonella strain carriage among food handlers working in the catering industry might be a potential source of human salmonellosis, especially for the predominant MDR genotype isolates (32.3%) with resistance to AMP, SUL, and TET.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Effect of specimen processing, growth supplement, and different metabolic population on Mycobacterium tuberculosis laboratory diagnosis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 7, 2020
Information feedback to farms can influence farm managers to reduce antimicrobial use and this can change endemic farm resistance patterns. Specimen decontamination method negatively affect the laboratory diagnosis of M. tuberculosis, polymyxin-B and nalidixic acid have anti-tuberculosis efficacy at high concentrations, and the doubling time of different metabolic population should be considered when deciding the time-in-protocol for the MGIT system.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Effect of Specimen Processing, Growth Supplement, and Different Metabolic Population of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Laboratory Diagnosis (ATS 2020 Virtual) - Jul 6, 2020 - Abstract #ATSI2020ATS-I_1804;
Specimen decontamination method negatively affect the laboratory diagnosis of M. tuberculosis, polymyxin-B and nalidixic acid have anti-tuberculosis efficacy at high concentrations, and the doubling time of different metabolic population should be considered when deciding the time-in-protocol for the MGIT system. Samples processing method negatively affect the laboratory diagnosis of M. tuberculosis , polymyxin-B and nalidixic acid have anti-tuberculosis efficacy at high concentrations, and the doubling time of different metabolic population should be considered when deciding the time-in-protocol for the MGIT system.
- |||||||||| Flagyl (metronidazole) / SLA, ciprofloxacin / Generic mfg., clarithromycin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance in wastewater and sea water from the Antarctic. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 2, 2020
Metronidazole and clindamycin were found in one sample, at 0.17 and 0.1 μg/L, respectively; and trimethoprim in two samples, at 0.001 μg/L...Bacteria resistance was observed for some antibiotics identified in the samples (e.g. trimetropim and nalidixic acid -a first generation quinolone)...Our preliminary data demonstrate that antibiotics occurrence in the Antarctic aquatic environment is an issue that needs to be properly addressed. Periodical monitoring of water samples and the implementation of additional treatments in the WWTPs are recommended as a first step to prevent potential problems related to the presence of antibiotics and other emerging contaminants in the near future in Antarctica.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Allicin, a natural antimicrobial defence substance from garlic, inhibits DNA gyrase activity in bacteria. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 2, 2020
Allicin inhibited E. coli DNA gyrase activity in vitro in the same concentration range as nalidixic acid...Taken together, these results suggest that GyrA was protected from oxidation in vivo in the allicin-tolerant PfAR-1 background, rather than the PfAR-1 GyrA subunit being intrinsically less susceptible to oxidation by allicin than the Pf0-1 GyrA subunit. DNA gyrase is a target for medicinally important antibiotics; thus, allicin and its analogues may have potential to be developed as gyrase inhibitors, either alone or in conjunction with other therapeutics.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: High occurrence of β-lactamase-producing Salmonella Heidelberg from poultry origin. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 1, 2020
The resistance susceptibility revealed 31 distinct profiles, with higher prevalence of streptomycin (61/62), nalidixic acid (50/62), tetracycline (43/62) and β-lactam drugs (37/62)...Strains with a larger number of antimicrobial resistance were grouped into ten major clusters apart from others. The spread of resistance by ampC continues to rise, thereby turning concern to public health, since the β-lactam antimicrobials are used as a therapeutic treatment in humans.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Multispectroscopic insight, morphological analysis and molecular docking studies of Cu based chemotherapeutic drug entity with Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). (Pubmed Central) - Jun 29, 2020
The interaction studies of Cu nalidixic acid-DACH chemotherapeutic drug entity, [CHNOCu] with serum albumin proteins, viz., human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) employing UV-vis, fluorescence, CD, FTIR and molecular docking techniques have been carried out...Molecular docking studies were carried out to ascertain the preferential binding mode and affinity of complex [CHNOCu] at the target site of HSA and BSA. Furthermore, TEM micrographs of HSA and BSA in presence of complex [CHNOCu] revealed major protein morphological transitions and aggregation which validates efficient delivery of complex by serum proteins to the target site.
- |||||||||| doxycycline / Generic mfg., Pierre Fabre
Clinical, Journal: Insights Into the Resistome of Bovine Clinical Mastitis Microbiome, a Key Factor in Disease Complication. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 27, 2020
We also found bacterial flagellar movement and chemotaxis, regulation and cell signaling, and oxidative stress to be significantly associated with the pathophysiology of CM. Thus, identifying CM microbiomes, and analyzing their resistomes and genomic potentials will help improve the optimization of therapeutic schemes involving antibiotics and/or metals usage in the prevention and control of bovine CM.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg.
Journal: Prevalence and Drug Resistance of Salmonella in Dogs and Cats in Xuzhou, China. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 27, 2020
The carriage rate was far higher in dogs than in cats from Xuzhou. Some isolated strains were highly resistant to antimicrobials used to treat infections in humans and pets, which may raise the risk of humans being infected with multi-drug resistant Salmonella via close contact with pets.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Intercellular Transfer of Chromosomal Antimicrobial-resistance Genes between Acinetobacter baumannii Mediated by Prophages. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 26, 2020
The antimicrobial-resistant (AR) A. baumannii ATCC 17978 derivatives appeared to acquire various ARGs, originating from dispersed loci of the MDR A. baumannii chromosome, along with their surrounding regions, by homologous recombination, with the ARGs including armA (aminoglycoside resistance), bla (β-lactam resistance), tet(B) (tetracycline resistance), and gyrA-81L (nalidixic acid resistance) genes...The phages containing ARGs were likely released into the extracellular space from MDR A. baumannii, thereby transducing ARGs into AS A. baumannii, resulting in the acquisition of AR properties by the recipient. We concluded that the generalized transduction, in which phages were capable of carrying random pieces of A. baumannii genomic DNAs, enabled efficacious intercellular transfer of chromosomal ARGs between A. baumannii without direct cell-cell interaction.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Antibiotic Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Fresh Fruits and Vegetables and Characterization of their AmpC β-Lactamases. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 19, 2020
Enterobacteria isolates showed the highest antibiotic resistance against ampicillin (66%), cephalothin (57%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (33%), cefoxitin (31%), tetracycline (9%), nalidixic acid (7%), trimethoprim (6%), and kanamycin (5%)...It was concluded that fresh fruits and vegetables might play a role as a source or vehicle for transferring antibiotic-resistant bacteria that might spread to other countries through exportation. The clinically significant AmpC β-lactamase was rarely documented in the literature on bacteria isolated from fruits and vegetables, and to our knowledge, this is the first report on the detection of an inducible type in such commodities.
- |||||||||| ciprofloxacin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Assessing physical properties of amphoteric fluoroquinolones using phosphorescence spectroscopy. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 18, 2020
Now, the discrepancies described in the literature for the E of FQs can be understood considering that changes of medium polarity or proticity as well as the temperature can considerably modify their E values. Thereby, low-temperature phosphorescence technique, is an effective way to detect molecular self-associations and surrounding changes in quinolones that opens the possibility to evaluate these effects in other drug families.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Thermal Inactivation Kinetics of Three Heat-Resistant Salmonella Strains in Whole Liquid Egg. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 15, 2020
The recovery medium was tryptic soy agar with 0.1% sodium pyruvate and 50 ppm of nalidixic acid...The z-values calculated from the D-values were 3.67 and 4.18°C for the log-linear with shoulder and Weibull models, respectively. Thermal death times presented in this study will be beneficial for WLE distributors and regulatory agencies when designing pasteurization processes to effectively eliminate Salmonella in WLE, thereby ensuring the microbiological safety of the product.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Food Service Pork Chops from Three U.S. Regions Harbor Similar Levels of Antimicrobial Resistance Regardless of Antibiotic Use Claims. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 14, 2020
The following bacteria were cultured: Escherichia coli, tetracycline-resistant (TET) E. coli, third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GC) E. coli, Salmonella enterica, TETSalmonella, 3GCSalmonella, nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella, Enterococcus spp., TETEnterococcus, erythromycin-resistant Enterococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus...For all 10 AMR genes, abundances did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between production systems. These results suggest that use of antimicrobial agents during swine production minimally impacts the AMR of bacteria in pork chops.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Multi-Drug-Resistant Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes in Pediatric Patients with Gastroenteritis from Central Iran. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 13, 2020
The antibiotic resistance rates were greater for nalidixic acid (30/32; 93.7%), ampicillin (29/32; 90.6%), and tetracycline (25/32; 78.1%) than for any of the other tested antibiotics...The isolates showed a higher frequency of the ESBL genes [bla (18/18; 100%), bla (17/18; 94.4%)], and AmpC [bla (4/9; 44.4%) and bla (4/9; 44.4%)] than of the other ESBL and AmpC genes. Compared to the previous study, DEC appeared to be the second-most abundant agent of diarrhea in pediatric patients after Campylobacter jejuni, with frequent MDR and ESBL presence.
- |||||||||| ciprofloxacin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Molecular characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli from broiler chickens with colibacillosis. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 4, 2020
The tetA (37 isolates, 46.8%) and sul2 (20 isolates, 25.3%) were the most prevalent among tetracycline and sulfonamide resistant isolates, respectively. This study indicates that APEC isolates harbor a variety of virulence and resistance genes; such genes are often associated with plasmids that facilitate their transmission between bacteria and should be continuously monitored to track APEC transmission in poultry farms.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Chemically Stressed Bacterial Communities in Anaerobic Digesters Exhibit Resilience and Ecological Flexibility. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 3, 2020
In the present work, the effect of nalidixic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and sodium phosphate on the microbiome of digested sewage sludge from a water treatment plant fed with glucose was investigated...These genera dynamically shifted among positive, negative or no correlation, depending on the applied stressor, which indicates a surprisingly dynamic behavior. Globally, the presented work suggests a massive resilience and stability of the methanogenic communities coupled with a surprising flexibility of the particular microbial key players involved in the process.
- |||||||||| Retrospective data, Review, Journal: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance of Vibrio cholerae in Iran. (Pubmed Central) - May 23, 2020
Most salmonella isolates were susceptible in vitro to standard drugs, except nalidixic acid. According to the meta-analysis results, antibiotic therapy with ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, azithromycin, cefixime and cefepime could be effective for the treatment of severe cases of cholera in Iran.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Antimicrobial resistance of commensal Escherichia coli strains in children of two rural communities in Peru (Pubmed Central) - May 23, 2020
The highest rates of resistance were for cotrimoxazole (49.1%), ampicillin (48.0%), and nalidixic acid (31.8%)...This study supports previous findings of multidrug resistance in commensal strains in rural communities and highlights the increased rates of resistance over time. We recommend studies in larger populations with a longer follow-up.
|
