- |||||||||| Gatiflox (gatifloxacin) / Orient Europharma
Journal: Fluoroquinolone-Induced Glycaemic Aberrations: Could Quinolones Be Repurposed To Serve As New Antidiabetic Agents? (Pubmed Central) - Feb 22, 2022
Understanding how fluoroquinolones lower blood glucose concentration could serve as the basis in developing novel quinolone-derivatives with a sole purpose of lowering blood glucose concentrations. Although there are various conventional anti-hyperglycaemic agents, however due to their associated shortfalls as well as an increase in the prevalence of diabetes, the discovery and development of new antidiabetics is warranted.
- |||||||||| ampicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Antimicrobial Resistance Dynamics in Chilean Shigella sonnei Strains Within Two Decades: Role of Shigella Resistance Locus Pathogenicity Island and Class 1 and Class 2 Integrons. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 22, 2022
The Shigella resistance locus pathogenicity island (SRL PAI), which encodes for ampicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline resistance genes, was detected by PCR in 100% of the strains isolated in 2008-2009 but was less frequent in isolates from other periods...Besides these, SRL-negative strains harboring class 2 integrons with or without resistance to nalidixic acid were detected from 2011 onward, suggesting the circulation of another clone...These results underscore the temporal dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in S. sonnei strains circulating in Chile, mainly determined by the spread of MGE conferring MDR phenotypes. Since shigellosis is endemic in Chile, constant surveillance of antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and their genetic basis is a priority to contribute to public health policies.
- |||||||||| ampicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Analysis of Antibiotic-induced Drug Resistance of Salmonella Enteritidis and Its Biofilm Formation Mechanism. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 19, 2022
Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) was used to test drug sensitivity of Salmonella enteritidis to 16 kinds of antibiotics including ß-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, sulfonamides, chloramphenicols, and tetracyclines...The drug resistance rates of Salmonella enteritidis to nalidixic acid, ampicillin, streptomyces, and cefoperazone were high, which were 94.5%, 75%, 67%, and 52%, respectively...The drug resistance genes sul2, sul3, blaTEM-1-like, tet(A), and tet(G) were highly carried in Salmonella enteritidis. In addition, esp, ebpA, ge1E, and fsrB genes were closely related to the biofilm formation of Salmonella enteritidis.
- |||||||||| cefazolin / Generic mfg., nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance: Playing the 'Silver Nanobullet' Card. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 16, 2022
Interestingly, the release profiles are affected by both the acceptor media and the presence of silver. The synergistic antibacterial activity of LDH containing both silver and antibiotics were investigated on gram-positives (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and gram-negatives (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and compared with the plain antimicrobials and LDH containing only antibiotics or silver.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg., azithromycin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Virulence genes and sanitizers resistance in Salmonella isolates from eggs in southern Brazil. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 15, 2022
Both isolates showed resistance to benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine digluconate, sodium hypochlorite, and peracetic acid, presenting high MIC values for these sanitizers. In contrast, B. odorata extract showed antimicrobial activity against the isolates S28 and S37, however, more studies are needed to prove its potential as a natural antimicrobial compound.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg.
Journal: Antimicrobial resistance profile of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, adenosine-monophosphate-cyclic, and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria isolated from domestic animals. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 15, 2022
The best effectiveness rates were observed for cefepime, streptomycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, nalidixic acid, tobramycin, levofloxacin, amikacin, and meropenem...The results found in the present work raise concern about the level of antimicrobial resistance among pathogens isolated from domestic animals in Brazil. The results highlight the need for the development and implementation of anti-resistance strategies to avoid the dissemination of multiresistant pathogens, including the prudent use of antimicrobials and the implementation of bacterial culture, antimicrobial sensitivity, and phenotypic tests for the detection of beta-lactamase enzymes in bacteria isolated from animals.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Reduction of Salmonella Infantis on skin-on, bone-in chicken thighs by cetylpyridinium chloride application and the impact on the skin microbiota. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 4, 2022
Exactly 100 skin-on, bone-in chicken thighs (2 trials, 0 and 24 h, k = 5, n = 5, N = 50) were inoculated with 10 CFU/mL of a nalidixic acid resistant strain of S. Infantis for an attachment of 10 CFU/g...In both trials, ANCOM, the analysis of microbiome compositional profiles, revealed shifts at both the phylum and order levels with thighs being different in the relative abundances of Proteobacteria (P < 0.05). In conclusion, treatment of skin-on poultry parts with CPC may reduce the risk of foodborne outbreaks caused by Salmonella Infantis.
- |||||||||| cefuroxime / Generic mfg.
Journal: Biofilm Formation and Associated Gene Expression in Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Clinical Specimens. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 3, 2022
The K. pneumoniae isolated from urine exhibited resistance towards ceftazidime, nalidixic acid and meropenem...Higher rates of resistance were observed towards cefuroxime, nalidixic acid, and meropenem for the isolates from the endotracheal aspirate...Most of the isolates harboured the bla gene variants, bla and bla Majority of the isolates were colistin sensitive...Strong biofilm formers were sensitive to co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin...The weak and non-biofilm formers showed reduced expression of both the fimbrial genes. Multidrug-resistant isolates produced ESBLs and formed well-established biofilms.
- |||||||||| amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella in Northeast Tunisia Broiler Flocks. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 21, 2022
Alarming level of resistance to ertapenem (12.5%) was noticed...The tetA and tetB genes were amplified in 5% (2/40) and 2.5% (1/40) of tetracycline-resistant strains, respectively...The mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, and mcr-5 genes were not amplified in any of the phenotypically colistin-resistant strains...Risk factors, such as the poor level of cleaning and disinfection, the lack of antimicrobial treatment at the start of the breeding, and a crawl space duration lower than 15 days, were associated with high Salmonella infection in birds. These data should be considered when preparing salmonellosis control programs in Tunisian broiler flocks.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg., cefuroxime / Generic mfg., amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Antimicrobial Resistance of E Coli Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Bangladesh. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 11, 2022
coli was the predominant organism responsible for UTI and was resistant to most of the first- and second-line antibiotics. Immediate action is needed to develop empirical guideline for empirical management of UTI and establish surveillance system for monitoring.
- |||||||||| ciprofloxacin oral / Generic mfg., nalidixic acid / Generic mfg., tetracycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: NieR is the repressor of a NaOCl-inducible efflux system in Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 4, 2022
The nieR mutant strain exhibited a small colony phenotype and was more sensitive than the wild-type to NaOCl and antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, novobiocin, and tetracycline. By contrast, the nieAB mutant strain showed no phenotype changes under the tested conditions.
- |||||||||| ampicillin / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Antimicrobial-resistant foodborne pathogens in the Middle East: a systematic review. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 4, 2022
An apparent rise in drug resistance among foodborne pathogens was recorded particularly against amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, and tetracycline that are commonly prescribed in most countries in the Middle East. Besides, there is a lack of standardization and quality control for microbiological identification and susceptibility testing methods in many of the Middle East countries.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: The threat of persistent bacteria and fungi contamination in tuberculosis sputum cultures. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 4, 2022
There was no statistically significant difference between none tuberculosis bacteria and fungi in the treatment (OR=1.4,95%CI:0.26-7.47,p=0.690) and the post treatment TB phases(OR=2.02,95%CI:0.38-10.79,p=0.411)Vs baseline. None-tuberculous bacteria and fungi dominate the plethora of TB sputum culture contamination and persist beyond the standard laboratory pre-culture decontamination algorithm.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility level of typhoid fever in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 4, 2022
Low susceptibility of salmonella S. Typhi isolates against nalidixic acid 22% (95% CI: 2%-46%) and chloramphenicol 11% (95% CI: 2%-20%) were observed...Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority must strengthen its continued monitoring and enhanced national antimicrobial surveillance system using the best available state-of-the-art technology and or tools to inform the rising resistance of salmonella S. Typhi towards the prescription of standard antibiotics. Finally, it is crucial to develop an evidence-based clinical decision-making support system for the diagnosis, empiric treatment and prevention of antimicrobial resistance.
- |||||||||| ciprofloxacin oral / Generic mfg., nalidixic acid / Generic mfg., erythromycin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Tolerance of pesticides and antibiotics among beneficial soil microbes recovered from contaminated rhizosphere of edible crops. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 4, 2022
Also, isolate PS2 showed resistance to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, methicillin, novobiocin and penicillin...In conclusion, plant growth promoting (PGP) substances releasing soil microorganisms comprising of inherent/intrinsic properties of pesticides tolerance and antibiotics resistance may provide an attractive, agronomically feasible, and long-term prospective alternative for the augmentation of edible crops. However, in future, more research is needed to uncover the molecular processes behind the development of pesticide tolerance and antibiotic resistance among soil microorganisms.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg., sulphadiazine / Generic mfg., colistin sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Development of a simple medium for the selective isolation of bacteria belonging to the Streptococcus anginosus group (Pubmed Central) - Dec 30, 2021
The development of the CHROMagar™ StrepB chromogenic medium modified by the addition of plasma, nalidixic acid, colistin and sulfadiazine to make it selective for SAG bacteria is described. This medium could be used as a diagnostic tool to detect SAG in respiratory samples from patients suffering from chronic lung disease.
- |||||||||| ampicillin / Generic mfg., cefuroxime / Generic mfg., amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Potential influence of food value chain level of regulation on prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance: case of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). (Pubmed Central) - Dec 29, 2021
In order to mitigate the risk of transmitting antimicrobial resistant bacteria to consumers along the fish value chain, good manufacturing practices coupled with identification and management of possible sources of contamination are recommended for fish and potentially other foods distributed along the less regulated value chains. Importance In order to mitigate the risk of transmitting antimicrobial resistant bacteria to consumers along the fish value chain, good manufacturing practices coupled with identification and management of possible sources of contamination are recommended for fish and potentially other foods distributed along the less regulated value chains.
- |||||||||| nalidixic acid / Generic mfg.
Journal: Nanoemulsified carvacrol as a novel washing treatment reduces Escherichia coli O157:H7 on spinach and lettuce. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 28, 2021
Fresh baby spinach, romaine lettuce, and iceberg lettuce leaves (2.5-cm-diameter cores) were spot inoculated with a five-strain cocktail of nalidixic acid-resistant EHEC at ∼6 log CFU/cm2...Treatments with NCR did not significantly affect the color on the fresh produce leaves during the 14 days of storage at 10°C. Results of this study support the potential use of NCR as a water soluble natural antimicrobial wash treatment for controlling EHEC on fresh produce.
- |||||||||| Journal: Antibiotic Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Milk Alternatives. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 27, 2021
ERY-NOV-VAN-TET and ERY-NOV-CEP-VAN-TET were the most common resistant patterns displayed by Enterobacter cloacae. The findings of this study suggest that MAs, though considered healthy, may be a reservoir of multidrug resistant opportunist pathogens.
- |||||||||| ampicillin / Generic mfg., amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Comparison of antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of Escherichia coli isolates from layer breeder farms in Korea. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 25, 2021
However, resistance to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline was significantly higher in the isolates from farm A (P < 0.05)...Moreover, the isolates from farm C showed significantly higher prevalence in virulence genes (iroN, ompT, hlyF, and iss) than the other 3 farms (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of E. coli isolates were significantly different among the farms, and improved management protocols are required to control of horizontal and vertical transmission of avian disease, including the dissemination of resistant bacteria in breeder flocks.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg., ampicillin / Generic mfg., amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Typhi Isolated From a Referral Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 20, 2021
The antibiotic susceptibility testing for 11 different antibiotics (nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, cefixime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, azithromycin, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, and amoxicillin) was performed by disk diffusion method...It was revealed that 97.8% S. Typhi isolates were susceptible to conventional first-line antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole), 97.3% to cephalosporins and 95.7% to azithromycin...The trends of increasing azithromycin MIC value among S. Typhi might limit its use for the treatment of typhoid fever. Effectiveness of conventional first-line antibiotics in vitro suggests considering their clinical use after large-scale studies.
- |||||||||| ciprofloxacin oral / Generic mfg., nalidixic acid / Generic mfg., tetracycline / Generic mfg.
Journal: Prevalence, Characterization, and Control of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Raw Milk, Cheese, and Human Stool Samples in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
As milk and dairy products are important sources of contamination, reducing the level of C. jejuni in them will lower the risk to consumers. We showed that L. acidophilus La5 was able to control C. jejuni in Kareish cheese, but cinnamon oil was less effective.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg., ampicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Unusual antibiotic resistance pattern among blood culture isolates of Salmonella Paratyphi A. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
We found S. Paratyphi A isolates with a relatively unusual phenotype: nalidixic acid susceptible but exhibited DSC; pefloxacin susceptible but ciprofloxacin resistant. Of note one multidrug resistant (AmpRChlRSxtR) isolate, an ESBL producer exhibited resistance to azithromycin, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones but was susceptible to carbapenems and streptomycin.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg., ampicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Isolation and antimicrobial resistance of motile Salmonella enterica from the poultry hatchery environment. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
No resistance was detected to ceftriaxone, cefoxitin, gentamicin, neomycin, ciprofloxacin and colistin...This study highlights the circulation of multi-drug resistant motile Salmonella in the hatchery environment for the first time in Bangladesh. Further epidemiological and molecular studies are therefore needed to identify the serotypes and source of the bacteria in hatcheries.
|
