- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Epilepsy and pregnancy. Factors associated with epileptic seizures during pregnancy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2020
The factors associated with the presence of seizures during pregnancy were previous poor seizure control, treatment with 2 or more antiepileptic drugs, and lack of treatment during pregnancy. The most commonly used drugs were lamotrigine, valproate, and levetiracetam, with an increase in levetiracetam use and a decrease in valproate use being observed in the later period (2011-2018).
- |||||||||| fluoxetine / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Trace organic contaminants in field-scale cultivated alfalfa, soil, and pore water after 10 years of irrigation with reclaimed wastewater. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 22, 2020
Pore water collected during non-irrigating periods contained all analyzed TrOCs, from 3 ± 0.1 ng/L (diphenhydramine) to 343 ± 360 ng/L (primidone)...Soils from 0 to 60 cm contained nine TrOCs from below the reporting limit (fluoxetine) to 329 ng/g (carbamazepine)...We estimated that a maximum of 14% of DEET from the reclaimed wastewater was accumulated in alfalfa. Overall, despite some accumulation of TrOCs in the soil, alfalfa uptake was limited, which results in low exposure to foraging animals.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Degradation of carbamazepine by vacuum-UV oxidation process: Kinetics modeling and energy efficiency. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 19, 2020
Based on the electrical energy per order (EE/O) calculation, the optimal VUV intensity was determined to be 7.5 × 10 Einstein s. Meanwhile, several intermediates/products were identified and their time-dependent evolution profiles were determined, and finally a plausible degradation pathway of CBZ was proposed. Ecotoxicity assessment indicated that the potential toxicity of CBZ and its oxidation products should be paid more attention in the VUV process.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Prediction of Dissolution Profiles from Process Parameters, Formulation and Spectroscopic Measurements. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 19, 2020
The comparison among the predictive models revealed that the incorporation of NIR spectral information in calibration reduced prediction error in the carbamazepine case but undermined the performance of theophylline models. It suggests that the modeling strategy for dissolution prediction of pharmaceutical tablets should not be universal but on a case-by-case basis.
- |||||||||| Journal: Bacterial Diversity Controls Transformation of Wastewater-Derived Organic Contaminants in River-Simulating Flumes. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 18, 2020
Notable were the formation of valsartan acid from irbesartan and valsartan, the persistence of N-desmethylvenlafaxine across all treatments and the identification of biuret as novel transformation product of metformin. Twelve additional target transformation products were identified, which were persistent in either pore or surface water of at least one treatment indicating their environmental relevance.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 17, 2020
This is in contrast to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), which is a particular DITP caused in most cases by heparin-dependent antibodies specific for platelet factor 4, which can strongly activate platelets in vitro and in vivo, explaining why affected patients usually have thrombotic complications but do not bleed. In addition, laboratory tests are readily available to diagnose HIT, unlike the methods used to detect DDabs associated with other DITP that are mostly reserved for laboratories specialized in platelet immunology.
- |||||||||| levetiracetam / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg., dronabinol oral / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Levetiracetam in Management of Bilateral Trigeminal Neuralgia Due to Large Glomus Tumor () - Jul 15, 2020 - Abstract #AHS2020AHS_186;
Levetiracetam may be an option in treatment of trigeminal neuralgia who either are not improved on first line treatments or are unable to tolerate them. Relatively low side effect profile and availability of intravenous formulations are advantages for this medication during exacerbation periods.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Hyperlipidemia in patients newly treated with anticonvulsants: A population study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2020
The use of enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy was associated with a significant increase in subsequent diagnoses of hyperlipidemia, suggesting that the lipid-elevating properties of these agents are of genuine clinical importance. This adds to the body of data demonstrating that these agents are likely associated with additional hassle, cost, and morbidity.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Paper-based sol-gel thin films immobilized cytochrome P450 for enzyme activity measurement. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2020
Furthermore, the sol-gel immobilized enzyme stored at 4 °C can increase storage stability, offering the activity of 86.3 ± 0.4% after 3-weeks storage, equivalent to the activity of the free enzyme solution after 1-week storage. The developed paper-based devices offer versatility, portability and low-cost.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Occurrence and distribution of priority pharmaceuticals in the Yellow River and the Huai River in Henan, China. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2020
Norfloxacin, carbamazepine, and 5,5-diphenylhydantoin were detected at high concentrations in the Yellow River, whereas sulfamethazine, ampicillin trihydrate, carbamazepine, and 5,5-diphenylhydantoin were the dominant species in the Huai River, suggesting there were different pollution sources...There were significant seasonal variations among the PPs in water samples from the Huai River, whereas spatial distinctions were recorded among the PPs in the Yellow River. Dissolved organic carbon content did not correlate with the PPs in the studied area.
- |||||||||| venlafaxine / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Ozone dose dependent formation and removal of ozonation products of pharmaceuticals in pilot and full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2020
Similar results were also obtained for two transformation products of Diclofenac (Diclofenac 2,5-quinone imine and 1-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)indolin-2,3-dione) and one transformation product of Carbamazepine (1-(2-benzoic acid)-(1H,3H)-quinazoline-2,4-dione), where the highest concentrations appeared around 0.27-0.31 mg O/mg DOC. The formation maximum of a given compound occurred at a specific ozone dose that is characteristic for each compound, but seemed to be independent of the wastewater used for the experiments at the two pilots and the full-scale plant.
- |||||||||| fluoxetine / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Pharmaceutical uptake kinetics in rainbow trout: In situ bioaccumulation in an effluent-dominated river influenced by snowmelt. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2020
Spatial and temporal differences for pharmaceutical levels in rainbow trout directly corresponded with surface water exposure concentrations, and uptake kinetics for individual pharmaceuticals did not vary among sites or seasons. Such observations are consistent with recent laboratory bioconcentration studies, which collectively indicate inhalational exposure from water governs rapid accumulation of ionizable base pharmaceuticals by fish in inland surface waters.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg., ibuprofen / Generic mfg.
Journal: A model-based analysis of phenytoin and carbamazepine toxicity treatment using binding-competition during hemodialysis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 11, 2020
We simulated dialytic removal of (1) phenytoin, initial concentration 70 mg/L, using 2000 mg aspirin, (2) carbamazepine, initial concentration 35 mg/L, using 800 mg ibuprofen, in a 70 kg patient...Binding-competition during HD is a potential treatment for drug toxicities for which current recommendations exclude HD due to strong drug-protein binding. We show clinically meaningful reductions in the treatment time necessary to achieve non-toxic concentrations in patients poisoned with these two prescription drugs.
- |||||||||| Journal: EAN guideline on trigeminal neuralgia. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 10, 2020
Recommendations on pharmacological and surgical management have been updated. There is a great need for future research on all aspects of TN, including pathophysiology and management.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
Review, Journal: HLA associated antiepileptic drug-induced cutaneous adverse reactions. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 9, 2020
In the setting of drug hypersensitivity, the immunogenicity of HLA molecules and their peptide cargo can be modulated by interactions with small drug molecules that drive inappropriate T cell responses. This review discusses the current understanding of HLA class I molecules in modifying risk of AED-induced cADRs.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: New recommendations for antiepileptic drug therapy: the last piece in the review of epilepsy care (Pubmed Central) - Jul 9, 2020
Lamotrigine, levetiracetam and valproic acid are first-line options for generalized seizures. However, valproic acid is contraindicated during pregnancy unless there is no other effective treatment available, as well as for fertile girls/women unless the conditions of a specific pregnancy prevention programme are met.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Self-reported attitudes about medication in Lebanese people with epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 8, 2020
Depression and economic burden were the major factors that decreased these attitudes. Identifying factors affecting attitudes to medication and leading to controlled epilepsy may help clinicians to elaborate educational programs to optimize medication adherence.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
Journal: Antiepileptic Drug Exposure in Infants of Breastfeeding Mothers With Epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 7, 2020
Overall, antiepileptic drug concentrations in blood samples of infants who were breastfed were substantially lower than maternal blood concentrations. Given the well-known benefits of breastfeeding and the prior studies demonstrating no ill effects when the mother was receiving antiepileptic drugs, these findings support the breastfeeding of infants by mothers with epilepsy who are taking antiepileptic drug therapy.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Neurogenic Shock as a Manifestation of Vaso-Glosopharyngeal Neuralgia (ATS 2020 Virtual) - Jul 6, 2020 - Abstract #ATSI2020ATS-I_6868;
This is a rare condition, and to our knowledge, this case is the first time a patient has presented with shock that required three months of vasopressor support. Additionally, he was only able wean off the high dose vasopressor support when baclofen was added to his therapy.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Is Respiratory Flutter an "Aunt Minnie" (ATS 2020 Virtual) - Jul 6, 2020 - Abstract #ATSI2020ATS-I_5738;
Our case is interesting as it demonstrated the benefit of telemedicine to diagnose rare pediatric pulmonary conditions, provide reassurance and ultimately reduce unnecessary medical expenses. Videos to be displayed at ATS.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Glioblastoma Multiforme (ATS 2020 Virtual) - Jul 6, 2020 - Abstract #ATSI2020ATS-I_3073;
Due to low prevalence and complex pathophysiology, this syndrome is not well understood and often presents as a diagnostic dilemma.A 44-year-old male with a history of glioblastoma multiforme status-post right hemicraniectomy presented to the emergency department with acute encephalopathy and episodic seizure like activity despite being on carbamazepine and levetiracetam...Patient was started on IV labetalol and clonidine maintaining strict control for paroxysmal episodes...Having a high index of suspicion among patients with traumatic brain injury can aid in detecting the presence of this syndrome early in progression of disease. Timely identification can help in preventing delays in receiving appropriate treatment due to repetitive lab testing and might lead to better outcomes.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
Clinical, Journal: Treatment of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy in Patients of Child-Bearing Potential. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 4, 2020
Alternatives have emerged, especially lamotrigine and levetiracetam, but also topiramate, zonisamide, and recently perampanel, but none of these AEDs can be considered fully safe in the context of pregnancy...Carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine and phenytoin must be avoided...The consequences of a lifetime of poorly controlled epilepsy need to be balanced against the teratogenic risks of valproate during limited times in a woman's life. The management of JME in WWE should include lifestyle interventions, with avoidance of sleep deprivation, and planned pregnancy.
- |||||||||| levetiracetam / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Levetiracetam versus carbamazepine in treatment of rolandic epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 2, 2020
Physicians taking care of children with RE should be aware of the risks for cognitive dysfunctions in these patients and screen their patients for any subtle dysfunction that may affect their academic performance and achievement. If and when the physician decides to prescribe an AED for their patients with RE, LEV is probably a better option compared with CBZ to prescribe for these children.
- |||||||||| carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Observational data, Journal: Fetal antiepileptic drug exposure and learning and memory functioning at 6 years of age: The NEAD prospective observational study. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 29, 2020
Therefore, further research will be required to delineate the potential risks to learning and memory functions in children exposed to carbamazepine, lamotrigine, and phenytoin in monotherapy during pregnancy. Additional research employing larger prospective studies will be required to confirm the long-term cognitive and behavioral risks to children of mothers who are prescribed these four AEDs during pregnancy as well as to delineate any potential risks of newer AEDs and to understand the underlying mechanisms of adverse AED effects on the immature brain.
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