- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg., aspirin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Increased Intestinal Permeability and Decreased Resiliency of the Intestinal Barrier in Alcoholic Liver Disease. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 9, 2024
In a cohort of patients, we confirmed that (1) ALD has increased intestinal permeability compared to HC, ALC, or NAFLD. In addition, since small bowel permeability (L/M ratio) is normal, the disruption of intestinal barrier appears to be primarily in the large intestine.; (2) Decreased resiliency of intestinal barrier to injurious agents (like NSAID) might be the mechanism for gut leak in subset of AUD who develop ALD.
- |||||||||| Amitiza (lubiprostone) / Takeda, Mallinckrodt
Journal: Efficacy of lubiprostone for functional constipation treatment in adolescents and children: Randomized controlled trial. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 5, 2024
In addition, since small bowel permeability (L/M ratio) is normal, the disruption of intestinal barrier appears to be primarily in the large intestine.; (2) Decreased resiliency of intestinal barrier to injurious agents (like NSAID) might be the mechanism for gut leak in subset of AUD who develop ALD. Lubiprostone is an effective and well-tolerated pharmacotherapy for youthful age and pediatric age groups, which may alter the paradigm of pediatric FC treatment.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
HEART TO GUT: ILLUMINATING THE PATH FROM CARDIAC BIOMARKERS TO GASTROINTESTINAL COMPLICATIONS IN AMYLOIDOSIS (Hall B4-5) - Jan 26, 2024 - Abstract #ACC2024ACC_5452;
A robust association between NT-proBNP and troponin levels with early, excessive hydrogen gas rise during GI breath testing was identified, suggesting these cardiac biomarkers could predict gut amyloidosis manifestations, notably SIBO. Early detection and management of SIBO, informed by these biomarkers, could alleviate GI symptoms and potentially reduce the associated cardiac burden from chronic GI distress.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Enrollment change: LiveSMART Trial to Prevent Falls in Patients with Cirrhosis (clinicaltrials.gov) - Jan 25, 2024
P3, N=430, Recruiting,
Early detection and management of SIBO, informed by these biomarkers, could alleviate GI symptoms and potentially reduce the associated cardiac burden from chronic GI distress. N=215 --> 430
- |||||||||| Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
Review, Journal: Post-Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) Hepatic Encephalopathy-A Review of the Past Decade's Literature Focusing on Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prophylaxis. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 11, 2024
Ongoing studies on novel predictive markers and emerging treatments, such as faecal microbiota transplant, reflect the evolving landscape in post-TIPS HE management. This concise review provides clinicians with insights into the multifaceted nature of post-TIPS HE, aiding in improved risk assessment, prophylaxis, and management for patients undergoing TIPS procedures.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
A case of acute liver failure due to AIH complicated by APS type 3 (New Hall) - Jan 6, 2024 - Abstract #APASL2024APASL_1954;
Her consciousness and liver function gradually improved with medical treatment such as lactulose enema and defecation control, and she was discharged from the hospital on the 64th day...In the present case, the patient had acute liver failure due to acute-onset AIH. Since patients with type 3 APS may present many manifestations over a long period of time, they should be carefully monitored.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Effect of branched-chain amino acids in increasing survival among hepatic encephalopathy patients (New Hall) - Jan 6, 2024 - Abstract #APASL2024APASL_1761;
Their review showed no significant difference in mortality rates between patients given BCAA and control, but there was a beneficial effect on the signs and symptoms of HE among patients who were not treated with lactulose or neomycin...Patients given BCAAs orally were shown to have HE improvement when compared against placebo (OR 0.24 (0.08-0.69 [95% CI]) but had no significant effect versus all combined control groups (BCAA OR 0.93, 0.69 - 1.25 [95% CI]). 715
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
The Comparison of PEG 3350 and Lactulose Use for Hepatic Encephalopathy Management: an EBCR (New Hall) - Jan 6, 2024 - Abstract #APASL2024APASL_1110;
However, because of the high amount of PEG that needed to be given (4 liters of PEG in 4 hours), lactulose use (only 20-30 grams or 30-45 mL) is more 691 feasible. In conclusion, the use of PEG 3350 for improving HESA in HE patients is more potent than lactulose, but it lacks of practical feasibility.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal, Metabolomic study: Metabolomic Profiling of Obese Patients with Altered Intestinal Permeability Undergoing a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 27, 2023
To investigate the impact of altered permeability in obese patients undergoing a calorie-restrictive dietary regimen (VLCKD), we collected urinary and fecal samples from obese patients with both normal and altered permeability (determined based on the lactulose/mannitol ratio) before and after treatment...The targeted metabolomics experiment detected no differences in measured short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). In summary, our study evaluated metabolomic markers capable of distinguishing low-grade inflammation conditions, exacerbated in more advanced stages of obesity with altered intestinal permeability.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Trial completion, Trial primary completion date: Lactulose vs. Polyethylene Glycol as Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy in Adults (clinicaltrials.gov) - Dec 27, 2023
P=N/A, N=150, Completed,
Although we benefit from the necessary information and technology to design novel strategies for microbiota, only probiotics and synbiotics have been extensively studied in the last decade compared to FMT. Recruiting --> Completed | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2023 --> Dec 2023
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Gut-Derived Hydrogen Sulfide Effects on Processing Speed in Humans (Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) / Majestic Complex (Posters 61-120)) - Dec 26, 2023 - Abstract #INSNewYork2024INS_Newyork_655;
Recruiting --> Completed | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2023 --> Dec 2023 Participants and Thirty-eight healthy participants (Age = 41
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Gastrointestinal dysbiosis and cognition in Parkinson (Shubert Complex (Posters 1-60) / Majestic Complex (Posters 61-120)) - Dec 26, 2023 - Abstract #INSNewYork2024INS_Newyork_1062;
A bloom in SRB may also contribute to earlier disease onset and worse visuospatial functioning. Future work in larger cohorts is necessary to further understand if a bloom in SRB is present early in the disease course and if it progresses with cognitive symptoms.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Intestinal permeability in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and IBS comorbid: results from DISCOvERIE project (Tiffany/Shah - Hilton Antwerp Old Town) - Dec 19, 2023 - Abstract #BWG2024BWG_61;
Intestinal permeability was assessed both in vivo with the lactulose-mannitol-sucralose test and ex vivo in colonic biopsies studied in Ussing chambers...However, our results suggest a strong variability between IBS patients of different countries, which may be explained by life-style, environmental, and genetic factors. Further investigations are needed to better understand these findings.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: The effect of different prebiotics on intestinal probiotics in newly diagnosed diabetic patients. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 18, 2023
Notably, a statistically significant divergence in sugar degradation rate emerged between the case and control groups, specifically in the medium harboring lactulose and isomalto-oligosaccharides...In conclusion, prebiotics like xylitol and mannitol exhibit the capacity to enhance intestinal probiotic populations in individuals newly diagnosed with diabetes. The modifications in the intestinal flora homeostasis of diabetic patients may be evidenced by alterations in the degradation rate of specific prebiotic substrates.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal, Metabolomic study: Metabolomic analysis of the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis provides insights into the plant dehydration and rehydration response. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 11, 2023
The contents ofl-arginine, maltose, turanose, lactulose and sucrose remained high throughout dehydration-rehydration...During subsequent rehydration, many metabolites rapidly accumulated to prevent oxidative stress and restore physiological activities while repairing cells, representing a more elaborate rehydration repair mechanism than vascular DT plants, with a faster and greater accumulation of metabolites. This metabolic kinetics analysis in S. caninervis deepens our understanding of its dehydration mechanisms and provides new insights into the different strategies of plant responses to dehydration and rehydration.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Safety of lacto-N-fucopentaose I/2'-fucosyllactose (LNFP-I/2'-FL) mixture as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 4, 2023
The NF is mainly composed of the human-identical milk oligosaccharides (HiMO) LNFP-I and 2'-FL, but it also contains d-lactose, lacto-N-tetraose, difucosyllactose, 3-fucosyllactose, LNFP-I fructose isomer, 2'-fucosyl-d-lactulose, l-fucose and 2'-fucosyl-d-lactitol, and a small fraction of other related saccharides...The use of the NF in FS is not intended if other foods with added NF components or human milk (for infants and young children) are consumed on the same day. The Panel concludes that the NF, a mixture of LNFP-I and 2'-FL, is safe under the proposed conditions of use.
- |||||||||| Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
Journal: A specialized HE testing clinic improves rational decision-making for therapy in cirrhosis. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 2, 2023
The Panel concludes that the NF, a mixture of LNFP-I and 2'-FL, is safe under the proposed conditions of use. A specialized HE clinic for patients with cirrhosis and cognitive complaints established through a dedicated consult pathway showed that 39% of referred patients had normal cognitive performance, while the results guided management changes, including for HE and other causes in the remaining patients.
- |||||||||| Preclinical, Review, Journal: Hepatic encephalopathy: investigational drugs in preclinical and early phase development. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2023
Current treatments are lactulose or rifaximin, acting on gut microbiota...HE may be reversed using drugs acting at any step: modulating microbiota with probiotics or fecal transplantation; reducing peripheral inflammation with anti-TNF?, autotaxin inhibitors or silymarin; reducing neuroinflammation with sulforaphane, p38 MAP kinase or phosphodiesteras 5 inhibitors, antagonists of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2, enhancing meningeal lymphatic drainage or with extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells; reducing GABAergic neurotransmission with indomethacin or golexanolone...Only drugs acting on microbiota or ammonia reduction have been tested in patients. t is urgent to change the mentality on how to approach HE treatment to develop clinical trials to assess drugs acting on the immune system/peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation or neurotransmission to improve HE.
- |||||||||| testosterone prodrug (LPCN 1148) / Lipocine
ORAL LPCN 1148 IMPROVES SARCOPENIA AND HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS () - Nov 11, 2023 - Abstract #AASLD2023AASLD_2813;
P2
LPCN 1148 is the first therapeutic intervention to both improve sarcopenia and reduce the number of overt HE episodes, in men with cirrhosis awaiting liver transplant. These results provide support for further study of LPCN 1148 for the treatment of sarcopenia and prevention of HE recurrence.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Lactulose in cirrhosis: Current understanding of efficacy, mechanism, and practical considerations. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 11, 2023
There are several practical considerations with lactulose including (1) a need to avoid excessive bowel movements and subsequent dehydration, (2) treatment titration protocols need further investigation, (3) baseline or treatment-induced gastrointestinal side effects limit adherence in some cases, and (4) the utility of monitoring stool consistency or pH remains unknown. Further research is needed to optimize our use of this effective treatment for HE.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Influence of Body Composition and Specific Anthropometric Parameters on SIBO Type. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 28, 2023
This observational study included 67 participants (W = 53, M = 14) with gastrointestinal symptoms and SIBO confirmed by lactulose hydrogen-methane breath tests (LHMBTs) using the QuinTron device...In the H+/M+ group, body weight (p = 0.010), BMI (p = 0.001), body fat in kg (p = 0.009), body fat in % (p = 0.040), visceral fat (p = 0.002), and mineral bone content (p = 0.049) showed an inverse correlation with hydrogen (H) gas production. These findings suggest that body weight, BMI, body fat, and mineral bone content may be inversely linked to the production of hydrogen and the risk of hydrogen-methane SIBO.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: current update. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 26, 2023
Treatment focuses on the eradication of excess bacteria in the small bowel and is traditionally done with the use of oral antibiotics. Other emerging therapies may include probiotics, diet manipulation, and prokinetic agents.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Safety of 3'-sialyllactose (3'-SL) sodium salt produced by a derivative strain (Escherichia coli (Pubmed Central) - Sep 25, 2023
The NF is mainly composed of the human-identical milk oligosaccharide (HiMO) 3'-SL (sodium salt), but it also contains sialic acid, d-glucose, d-lactose, 3'-sialyllactulose and 6'-sialyllactose sodium salts and a small fraction of other related saccharides...FS are not intended to be used if other sources of 3'-SL are consumed on the same day. The Panel concludes that the NF is safe under the proposed conditions of use.
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