lactulose / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
    GUT METAGENOME-DERIVED SIGNATURE PREDICTS HEPATIC DECOMPENSATION AND MORTALITY IN NASH-RELATED CIRRHOSIS (6F - San Diego Convention Center) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_5026;    
    In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the 13-species metagenomic signature (hazard ratio [HR] 1.54, 95% CI 1.10-2.15, P=0.01) was a stronger predictor of mortality than the MELD score (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.53, P=0.03). Conclusion s: This study provides evidence for a gut metagenome-derived signature with high diagnostic accuracy for hepatic decompensation that predicts risk of mortality in NASH-related cirrhosis.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    THE LINK BETWEEN OROANAL TRANSIT, VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY, GUT MICROBIAL FERMENTATION AND POSTPRANDIAL SYMPTOM RESPONSES IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (23 - San Diego Convention Center) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_3807;    
    The lactulose nutrient challenge test (LNCT) has been developed as a physiologic test of postprandial symptoms and gut microbial fermentation in IBS...Assessment of gut microbial fermentation revealed that OATT was associated with both hydrogen (negatively) and methane (positively), indicating that higher hydrogen and higher methane levels were associated with rapid and slow OATT, respectively (Table and Figure). Conclusion Oroanal transit time is not only associated with increased symptoms and gut microbial fermentation, but also specifically with postprandial symptom responses, highlighting the relevance of gastrointestinal motility in the pathophysiology of IBS.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    THE IMPACT OF SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH AND INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION ON SYMPTOM SCORES IN CROHN’S DISEASE (Poster Hall - San Diego Convention Center) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_3199;    
    Methods : Patients with CD and SIBO (lactulose or glucose) breath test between May 2005 and October 2020 were included...In a large cohort, SIBO was prevalent but did not impact clinical scores or contribute to discordance between clinical and endoscopic scores. Studies are needed to identify confounders to explain symptoms-endoscopic discordances in CD.
  • ||||||||||  Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
    PRIOR PERIODONITIS AND PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES PREDICT THE RISK OF 3-MONTH HOSPITALIZATION IN A MULTI-CENTER CIRRHOSIS COHORT (29AB - San Diego Convention Center) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_2377;    
    Conclusion : In this multi-center study, we found a 15% risk of 3-month hospitalization that was associated with history of periodontitis in addition to MHE or frailty and independent of traditional risk factors signifying advanced disease (PPI, SBP prophylaxis & beta-blockers). The inflammatory potential of periodontitis could be linked with admission and an important target for improving cirrhosis outcomes.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC BURDEN OF DOCUSATE AT A UNITED STATES TERTIARY CARE CENTER (ePoster - DDW Virtual) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_1397;    
    While this amount is small compared to an overall hospital budget, when considering likely comparable docusate use at the U.S.’s 6,090 hospitals, the economic burden of docusate becomes significant. The funds currently being used on docusate could be redirected to alterative Purpose s that are more cost-effective.
  • ||||||||||  Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
    LONGITUDINAL MONITORING OF SLEEP IN COVERT HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY REVEALS SIGNIFICANT FRACTURING AND LOSS OF REM (Poster Hall - San Diego Convention Center) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_868;    
    Further research is needed to validate these findings and evaluate sleep changes with precipitants of HE, such as TIPS, and in response to therapy such as rifaximin. These Results suggest a novel potential future clinical tool for researchers, clinicians and patients alike.
  • ||||||||||  Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
    LONGITUDINAL METABOLOMICS IN THE STUDY OF PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNTS AND HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY (Poster Hall - San Diego Convention Center) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_866;    
    Conclusion S: Overall, our study reveals differences in metabolome pre- and post-shunt placement and potential metabolites associated with HE severity. By performing innovative approaches to analyzing the metabolome, we also determined how TIPS placement affects potential hepatic biotransformations and their relationship with HE severity.
  • ||||||||||  Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
    TRANSJUGULAR INTRAHEPATIC PORTOSYSTEMIC SHUNT (TIPS) REDUCTION FOR REFRACTORY HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY (HE): A CASE SERIES (Poster Hall - San Diego Convention Center) -  Apr 25, 2022 - Abstract #DDW2022DDW_1814;    
    Conclusion : Our case series shows that while TIPS reduction does appear to reduce the rate of hospitalization for HE, the total number of hospitalizations did not change, demonstrating the high resource utilization for those with rHE following TIPS. Therefore, until future studies with larger groups are performed to identify specific factors associated with rHE, careful selection for initial TIPS placement remains a priority.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Plasma Metabolic and Lipidomic Fingerprinting of Individuals with Increased Intestinal Permeability. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 22, 2022   
    Rhamnose and lactulose were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)...Individuals with slightly elevated intestinal permeability had altered energy, nucleotide, and amino acid metabolism, in addition to increased glutamine levels. Whether these biomarkers may be used to predict the early onset of leaky gut warrants further investigation.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Duodenal Mucosal Barrier in Functional Dyspepsia. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 20, 2022   
    No abstract available In FD, there is a modest reduction in the expression of several duodenal epithelial barrier proteins, which may be secondary to up-regulation of regulatory miRNAs, and increased small intestinal permeability measured in vivo.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Use of Lactulose to Treat Hyperammonemia in ICU Patients Without Chronic Liver Disease or Significant Hepatocellular Injury. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 9, 2022   
    When analyzed separately, patients with moderate hyperammonemia (60-99 μmol/L) who received lactulose had longer hospital and ICU length of stay compared to non-lactulose (417.8 hours vs. 208.4 hours, P = 0.003, and 229.2 hours vs. 104.7 hours, P = 0.025; respectively), though confounders were present. Routine use of lactulose to treat mild to moderate hyperammonemia in this patient population was not associated with improved outcomes.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    Developing a synbiotic biotherapy to prevent allergic responses to food (Exhibit Hall; P218) -  Apr 8, 2022 - Abstract #IMMUNOLOGY2022IMMUNOLOGY_462;    
    caccae_lahuc + lactulose) prevents allergic responses to BLG in CMA-colonized mice as measured by serum mMCPT-1 and core body temperature upon challenge, and type 2 cytokine production in BLG-stimulated splenocytes. Further exploration into the mechanisms behind this therapeutic effect will contribute toward the larger goal of developing bacterial biotherapeutics against food allergies.
  • ||||||||||  Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
    Journal:  Gut microbiome in systemic sclerosis: a potential therapeutic target. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 5, 2022   
    These data suggest that SIBO occurs more frequently in SSc patients than in controls. Eradication therapy with rifaximin is associated with satisfactory results and a high safety profile.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Acute effects of increased gut microbial fermentation on the hypoxic ventilatory response in humans. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    Participants underwent two tests (in a random order), receiving lactulose, which stimulates gut fermentation, or placebo...Changes in the resting parameters during normoxia did not differ significantly between the tests. Our results demonstrate that the increased gut microbial fermentation is associated with augmented ventilatory (but not haemodynamic) responses to the transient hypoxia, which implies a capacity for gut microbiota to modulate the peripheral chemoreflex in humans.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Efficacy of a Product Containing Xyloglucan and Pea Protein on Intestinal Barrier Function in a Partial Restraint Stress Animal Model. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 29, 2022   
    Moreover, XG and PP were able to reduce intestinal permeability alteration, restoring tight-junctions (TJs) expression and decreased the lactulose-mannitol ratio, a quantitative marker used to measure intestinal permeability, compared to PRS-group. In conclusion, the data obtained revealed that the product containing XG and PP was able to restore the normal intestinal-barrier function; therefore, it could be considered a therapeutic strategy to manage FABD.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    DEFINITIONS OF MEDITERRANEAN DIET INCONSISTENTLY ASSOCIATE WITH MARKERS OF GUT BARRIER FUNCTION OR SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION IN A POPULATION-BASED COHORT ([VIRTUAL]) -  Mar 25, 2022 - Abstract #CDDW2022CDDW_157;    
    We measured intestinal permeability via urinary fractional excretion ratio of lactulose to mannitol (LMR) (LMR≥0.03 defined abnormal), and subclinical inflammation via fecal calprotectin (FCP) measured with BÜHLMANN fCAL® ELISA (FCP≥250 defined abnormal)...Despite discrepancies, we expected consistent directions of effect for MD compliance on LMR or FCP. The largely non-significant associations between MDs suggest limitations in definition, interpretation, and relation to biological outcomes.Submitted on behalf of the CCC-GEM consortium.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Gut permeability and its clinical relevance in schizophrenia. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 24, 2022   
    Our results suggest a higher rate of abnormally increased gut permeability in patients with schizophrenia than in controls. Moreover, gut permeability may be related to the cognitive and cellular immunity function of patients with schizophrenia.
  • ||||||||||  lactulose / Generic mfg.
    SAFETY OF LACTULOSE FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS ([VIRTUAL]) -  Mar 23, 2022 - Abstract #SCCM2022SCCM_1870;    
    Our study demonstrates that lactulose is associated with a higher incidence of GI complications in patients who are admitted to an ICU with decompensated cirrhosis. This finding may contribute to practice changes at our institution; however, prospective trials are needed to investigate the causative relationship between lactulose and GI complications in this patient population.
  • ||||||||||  ceftriaxone / Generic mfg.
    UNMASKING BABESIOSIS IN A CIRRHOTIC: A DIAGNOSTIC DILEMMA ([VIRTUAL]) -  Mar 23, 2022 - Abstract #SCCM2022SCCM_1690;    
    Patient was started on ceftriaxone, metronidazole, and lactulose...Antibiotics were switched to meropenem, azithromycin, and atovaquone...It is an important differential in patients living in endemic areas with existing liver disease. Babesiosis is treatable and early detection can improve outcomes.
  • ||||||||||  methamphetamine / Generic mfg.
    METHAMPHETAMINE-INDUCED FULMINANT LIVER FAILURE EXACERBATED BY HEATSTROKE ([VIRTUAL]) -  Mar 23, 2022 - Abstract #SCCM2022SCCM_1545;    
    N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was given for 2 days with some improvement in liver function...Lactulose was also given for hepatic encephalopathy...NAC has also been shown to have benefit in liver failure not related to acetaminophen. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of NAC and therapeutic hypothermia in meth-induced liver failure.
  • ||||||||||  Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
    HYPERAMMONEMIA AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS ([VIRTUAL]) -  Mar 23, 2022 - Abstract #SCCM2022SCCM_1526;    
    GaBHA should be suspected in patients with a history of bariatric surgery presenting with altered mentation. This syndrome is life-threatening and may be refractory to standard treatment with lactulose and rifaximin requiring early initiation of renal replacement therapy.