- |||||||||| Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
Review, Journal: Inadequate practices for hepatic encephalopathy management in the inpatient setting. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 18, 2022
Numerous challenges exist to optimal care of hospitalized OHE patients. However, hospitalists if equipped with knowledge about a systematic approach to taking care of these frail patients are in an ideal position to ensure good inpatient and transition of care outcomes.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is associated with clinical relapse in patients with quiescent Crohn's disease: a retrospective cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 17, 2022
This retrospective observational cohort research included consecutive patients (≥18 years) with quiescent CD who underwent lactulose hydrogen-methane breath test to diagnose SIBO managed at Jinling Hospital in China from January 2016 to June 2020...This study indicated that SIBO was highly prevalent in patients with CD, and was independently linked to clinical relapse in quiescent patients. Detecting SIBO may be a valuable option for the prognostic assessment of patients in clinical remission.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Characterization of the Fecal Microbiome in Dogs Receiving Medical Management for Congenital Portosystemic Shunts. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 16, 2022
All dogs were administered a hepatic diet and lactulose, while antibiotics were used in 22 (81.5%) and acid suppressants in 7 (25.9%)...There was a significant association between the use of metronidazole and a larger abundance of E. coli (p = 0.024). Dysbiosis appears to be common in dogs that are being medically managed for CPSS, though the clinical significance remains unclear.
- |||||||||| amiodarone / Generic mfg.
AMIODARONE TOXICITY LEADING TO ACUTE LIVER FAILURE (Convention Center Exhibit Hall: Poster Area) - Aug 16, 2022 - Abstract #CHEST2022CHEST_2541;
Although a rare condition, physicians should be mindful of this etiology when considering the causes of ALF in the setting of IV amiodarone use. Early recognition of this condition and referral for liver transplant evaluation is essential for improved patient outcomes.
- |||||||||| lovastatin / Generic mfg., lactulose / Generic mfg., paracetamol / Generic mfg.
FAT-BURNER FIASCO: ACUTE LIVER FAILURE SECONDARY TO FAT-BURNER SUPPLEMENTS (Convention Center Exhibit Hall: Poster Area) - Aug 16, 2022 - Abstract #CHEST2022CHEST_1925;
This also lends itself to the potential need for the FDA to consider regulating or having warning labels on supplements which are being used as "alternative drugs” since they have the potential to cause serious harm and injury as in this case. It is prudent that the distinction be made that "natural” does not equate to "harmless” and that any medication, whether it is prescribed or not, should be done so with careful consideration and full disclosure to one's physician.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Trial completion, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: BCAA-ACLF: Intravenous Branched Chain Amino Acids for Hepatic Encephalopathy in ACLF (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 16, 2022
P1, N=70, Completed,
It is prudent that the distinction be made that "natural” does not equate to "harmless” and that any medication, whether it is prescribed or not, should be done so with careful consideration and full disclosure to one's physician. Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Sep 2022 --> Dec 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2022 --> Dec 2021
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Zi Shen Wan Fang Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Function Via Remodeling the Gut Microbiota in Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairment Mice. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 3, 2022
Moreover, ZSWF protected the integrity of the intestinal barrier by increasing intestinal ZO-1 and occludin protein expression and decreasing urinary lactulose to mannitol ratio...In contrast, removing gut microbiota with antibiotics partially eliminated the effects of ZSWF on improving cognitive function and reducing inflammation, confirming the essential role of gut microbiota in the improvement of DCI by ZSWF. ZSWF can reverse cognitive impairment in DCI mice by remolding the structure of destructed gut microbiota community, which is a potential Chinese medicine prescription for DCI treatment.
- |||||||||| indomethacin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Induction of leaky gut by repeated intramuscular injections of indomethacin to preweaning Holstein calves. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 28, 2022
Interestingly, changes in liver morphology and immune function also occurred, possibly due to the increased translocation of foreign antigens breaching the epithelial cell wall. The leaky gut challenge model described here could be used to improve understanding of the pathogenesis of intestinal disorders in cattle and provide a reliable alternative for testing feed additives with intestinal health benefits.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Rapid health technology assessment of four oral Chinese patent medicines for constipation (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2022
Overall, compared with western medicine glycerine enema and lactulose, the number of clinical studies of the four CMPs was small, but they targeted constipation patients with different subtypes...In the future, more high-quality and long-term follow-up studies should be carried out to obtain reliable evidence. Meanwhile, it is called for strengthening the economic evaluation of CMPs to provide evidence for decision-making.
- |||||||||| Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
Review, Journal: Heretical thoughts into Hepatic Encephalopathy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2022
The clinical evidence behind using lactulose for all severities of hepatic encephalopathy, which is currently considered the standard of care is poor and placebo-controlled trials for hepatic encephalopathy should be considered ethically sound. This expert opinion identifies current challenges in hepatic encephalopathy and highlights areas which require further debate and investigation in order to help advance the field both scientifically and clinically.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
BACTERIAL METABOLISM AND EXTERNAL SECRETORY INSUFFICIENCY PANCREAS (Science Lounge) - Jul 20, 2022 - Abstract #UEGW2022UEGW_2589;
All of them completed the determination of fecal elastase enzyme immunoassay, hydrogen breath test with lactulose and determination of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in coprofiltrates by the method of gas-liquid chromatography... All patients with CP have increased metabolic activity of the microflora of the TC with a change in structure of the main metabolites, more pronounced with the presence of EPI, which may be indirect evidence of the presence of bacterial overgrowth syndrome in CP patients with EPI.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
EVALUATION OF INTESTINAL PERMEABILITY TESTING AS BIOMARKER FOR ADAPTIVE RESPONSE IN SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME (Science Lounge) - Jul 20, 2022 - Abstract #UEGW2022UEGW_1620;
In SBS patients, mannitol recovery correlates with remaining small bowel length and caloric i.v. needs and recovery rate in patients with GLP-2 treatment is higher compared to therapy naïve patients. Therefore, we suggest that mannitol may serve as biomarker in order to gain additional information about absorptive processes or changes during GLP-2 therapy.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
GUT MICROBIOTA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SMALL INTESTINAL BACTERIAL OVERGROWTH IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERLIPIDEMIA (Science Lounge) - Jul 20, 2022 - Abstract #UEGW2022UEGW_1606;
There is an essential role of microbiota in lipid metabolism due to the fact of SIBO prevalence in patients with hyperlipidemia in comparison with the control group (58,5% vs. 31%). Moreover, the TLR4 serum level that is usually activated by LPS as the result of SIBO was higher more than the normal range in patients with hyperlipidemia (2.67±1,05 ng/mL).
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
TLR4, SIBO AND GUT MICROBIOTA IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERLIPIDEMIA (Poster Stage 1) - Jul 20, 2022 - Abstract #UEGW2022UEGW_1422;
The examination of lactulose breath test was proved to patients of both groups... Based on these results, we can suggest that microbiota composition could be the factor that is associated with TLR4 activation with further liver cholesterol metabolism disturbing. SIBO prevalence in patients with hyperlipidemia was remarkably higher than in patients of control group (59,8% vs. 35%).
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Clinical data, Retrospective data, Review, Journal: The effect of dietary fiber on gut barrier function, gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, inflammation and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 15, 2022
Oral cystine and glutamine supplementation attenuated the markers of gastrointestinal permeability and damage after 1 h of strenuous running in young men. DF may improve gut barrier function, modulate intestinal microbiota, decrease systemic inflammatory response, and advance clinical outcomes in critically ill patients.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Abnormal Blood Bacteriome, Gut Dysbiosis, and Progression to Severe Dengue Disease. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 13, 2022
At the enrollment, there were 31 dengue cases in febrile and critical phases at 4.1 ± 0.3 days and 6.4 ± 1.1 days of illness, respectively, with the leaky gut as indicated by positive lactulose-to-mannitol excretion ratio...Then, non-classical monocytes (CD14CD16) and NK cells (CD56CD16) increased at 4 and 7 days of illness in the cases with critical and febrile stages, respectively, the elevation of LPS and/or BG in serum on day 7 was also associated with the increase in monocytes, NK cells, and cytotoxic T cells. In summary, enhanced Proteobacteria (pathogenic bacteria from blood bacteriomes) along with increased endotoxemia and serum BG (leaky gut syndrome) might be collaborated with the impaired microbial control (lower non-classical monocytes and NK cells) in the critical cases and causing more severe disease of dengue infection.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Demonstration of Gut-Barrier Dysfunction in Early Stages of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Proof-Of-Concept Study. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 13, 2022
Components of gut-barrier dysfunction like alterations in intestinal permeability (IP) by lactulose mannitol ratio (LMR) in urine, systemic endotoxemia (IgG and IgM anti-endotoxin antibodies), systemic inflammation (serum tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α] and interleukin-1 [IL-1] levels), tight junction (TJ) proteins expression in duodenal biopsy and stool microbiota composition using Oxford Nanopore MinION device were prospectively evaluated in patients with NAFLD (n = 34) with no cirrhosis, ALD (n = 28) and were compared with disease free controls (n = 20)...On principal co-ordinate analysis (PCoA), the global bacterial composition was significantly different across the three groups (PERMANOVA test, P < 0.001). While remaining activated in both etiologies, gut-barrier dysfunction abnormalities were more pronounced in NAFLD at early stages compared to ALD despite more advanced disease in the latter.
- |||||||||| Ravicti (glycerol phenylbutyrate) / Horizon Therapeutics, Immedica, Kremezin (AST-120) / Mitsubishi Tanabe, Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
Review, Journal: Novel Drugs for the Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy: Still a Long Journey to Travel. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 12, 2022
However, their clinical use is limited due to the presence of major drawbacks in their study design, sample size, safety profile, bias, and heterogenicity. This study will discuss the novel therapeutic targets for HE in liver cirrhosis patients with supporting clinical trial data.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Journal: Optimization of the production conditions of tri-GOS and lactosucrose from lactose and sucrose with recombinant β-galactosidase. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 7, 2022
Three transfer products were tri-galacto-oligosaccharides (tri-GOS), lactosucrose, and lactulose; the other three transfer products needed to be identified further. Based on a single factor test and response surface methodological approach, the optimal transgalactosylation conditions of the production of tri-GOS and lactosucrose were determined as initial sugar concentration of 50%, lactose: sucrose ratio of 1:2, enzyme concentration of 3 U/mL, and reaction time of 6 h at 50 °C resulting in a maximum tri-GOS concentration of 47.69 ± 1.36 g/L and a maximum lactosucrose concentration of 8.18 ± 0.97 g/L.
- |||||||||| Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
Review, Journal: Hepatic encephalopathy. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 2, 2022
Current medical treatment predominantly involves lactulose and rifaximin following rigorous treatment of so-called known HE precipitating factors. New treatments based on an improved pathophysiological understanding are emerging.
- |||||||||| lactulose / Generic mfg.
Enrollment closed, Trial primary completion date: Validation of the Small Intestine Microbiome Aspiration (SIMBA) Capsule (clinicaltrials.gov) - Jun 27, 2022
P=N/A, N=30, Active, not recruiting,
New treatments based on an improved pathophysiological understanding are emerging. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: May 2022 --> Sep 2022
- |||||||||| Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma
Review, Journal: Clostridioides difficile Infection in Liver Cirrhosis: A Concise Review. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 22, 2022
Future validation in more prospective studies is needed. Screening of asymptomatic patients appears to be discouraged for the prevention currently, with strict hand hygiene and cleaning of the ward and medical equipment surfaces being the cornerstone of minimizing transmission.
|
