- |||||||||| lorazepam / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Electrochemical degradation of psychotropic pharmaceutical compounds from municipal wastewater and neurotoxicity evaluations. (Pubmed Central) - May 28, 2021
However, when an artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) medium was reapplied, the signal recovered and increased to a value above the baseline, indicating that cells recovered part of their normal activity but remained in a different condition. For the BDD anode, the treated MWW did not cause significant ROS production variations, suggesting that he EO was effective in eliminating the toxicity of the treated solution.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Effect of urine adulterants on commercial drug abuse screening test strip results. (Pubmed Central) - May 27, 2021
In conclusion, some urine adulterants, such as vinegar, could pass urine specimen validity test and remain undetected by laboratory testing. Our findings raise concern about this issue of preventing urine tampering and call for better control at sampling, privacy concerns notwithstanding, and better sample validity tests.
- |||||||||| Reyvow (lasmiditan) / Eli Lilly
Clinical, P1 data, Journal: Abuse Potential of Lasmiditan: A Phase 1 Randomized, Placebo- and Alprazolam-Controlled Crossover Study. (Pubmed Central) - May 22, 2021
During the treatment phase, the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) increased with increasing dose of lasmiditan; all TEAEs reported with lasmiditan treatment were mild. Subjective drug-liking effects for lasmiditan versus placebo and versus alprazolam, and the safety and tolerability profile of lasmiditan suggest that lasmiditan has a low potential for abuse.
- |||||||||| midazolam hydrochloride / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Chromatographic separation of the interconverting enantiomers of imidazo- and triazole-fused benzodiazepines. (Pubmed Central) - May 21, 2021
The apparent rate constants for the on-column enantiomerization and the corresponding free energy activation barriers were obtained by simulation of exchange-deformed HPLC profiles using a computer program based on the stochastic model. Here we report on the dynamic HPLC investigations carried out on a set of fused imidazo and triazolo-benzodiazepines (alprazolam, midazolam, triazolam and estazolam) The experimental dynamic chromatograms and the corresponding interconversion barriers reported in this paper show that the third fused heterocyclic ring increase the energy barrier by 2 kcal/mol.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, PK/PD data, Journal: No Clinically Relevant Pharmacokinetic Interactions of a Red Clover Dietary Supplement with Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Women. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2021
To evaluate the potential for clinically relevant drug-red clover interactions, we tested a standardized red clover dietary supplement (120 mg isoflavones per day) for interactions with the pharmacokinetics of four FDA-approved drugs (caffeine, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and alprazolam) as probe substrates for the enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4/5, respectively...The averaged pharmacokinetic profiles of probe substrates in serum showed no significant alterations and no changes in the areas under the curve (AUC) over 96 h. Subgroup analysis based on the demographic characteristics (BMI, menopausal status, race, and age) also showed no differences in AUC for each probe substrate. Analysis of red clover isoflavones in serum showed primarily conjugated metabolites that explain, at least in part, the red clover pharmacokinetic safety profile.
- |||||||||| midazolam hydrochloride / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Review, Journal: Effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in adult patients undergoing dental procedures: a systematic review. (Pubmed Central) - May 15, 2021
In the case of ALP, the main degradation reactions included, phenyl-group removal and the opening of the 7-membered ring, while for DZP, degradation occurred through hydroxylation, formation of benzophenone and the opening of the 7-membered cyclic group. Given the limitations of the findings due to the quality of the included studies and the different comparisons made between interventions, further RCTs are required to confirm the effectiveness and safety of oral sedation in dentistry.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Is the unique benzodiazepine structure interacting with CYP enzymes to affect steroid synthesis in vitro? (Pubmed Central) - May 5, 2021
In contrast, physicochemical properties such as high log P, structure and molecular weight similar to that of steroids appeared to influence the endocrine disrupting abilities of the investigated pharmaceuticals in vitro. Docking of the three BZDs in CYP17A1 and CYP21A2 confirmed that shape complementarity and hydrophobic effects seem to determine the binding modes.
- |||||||||| lorazepam / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate: Party and Play With Gina () - May 2, 2021 - Abstract #APA2021APA_1275;
With the addition of lorazepam taper her clinical picture improved...GHB withdrawal progressed to delirium and she was started on a clonazepam and phenobarbital taper, and her valproic acid was increased...Even then this case rapidly deteriorated and lead to prolonged hospital course. Early intervention and collaborative care by addiction specialists are key in management.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Significantly Delayed Clinical Presentation of Benzodiazepine Withdrawal: A Case Report () - May 2, 2021 - Abstract #APA2021APA_648;
The patient reported regular outpatient follow-up and compliance with home medication regime (valproic acid 500mg twice daily and quetiapine 100mg daily and 300mg nightly)...Diazepam 10mg every 4 hours with as needed alprazolam was initiated...As per collateral, the patient was taking at least 8mg of alprazolam daily for many years. In this poster, we discuss a significantly delayed clinical presentation of benzodiazepine withdrawal due to underreported use of alprazolam and resultant inadequate maintenance and withdrawal prevention.
- |||||||||| sertraline / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Psychiatric Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic () - May 2, 2021 - Abstract #APA2021APA_641;
The patient was referred to outpatient psychiatric services and was initially started with therapy along with Zoloft and Xanax, which was later switched to Lexapro. It is important to consider psychiatry etiologies as sequelae to COVID-19 infection, though it is still important to rule-out more life-threatening presentations
- |||||||||| sertraline / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Rapid Cycling of Addiction: A Unique Presentation in Patient With Asperger’s Syndrome () - May 2, 2021 - Abstract #APA2021APA_442;
In this patient, the high frequency of addiction transfer, unconventional addictive behaviors and nonspecific preference for substances made it difficult to address his substance use. Ultimately, by combining psychotherapy with alcohol use treatment as well as addressing his underlying social anxiety, patient was able to show improvement and continued to do well.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg., dextromethorphan / Generic mfg.
Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: Licorice Botanical Dietary Supplements - Metabolism and Safety in Women (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 29, 2021
P1, N=19, Active, not recruiting,
Ultimately, by combining psychotherapy with alcohol use treatment as well as addressing his underlying social anxiety, patient was able to show improvement and continued to do well. Trial completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2021
- |||||||||| lorazepam / Generic mfg., midazolam hydrochloride / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Determination of prescribed and designer benzodiazepines and metabolites in influent wastewater. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 28, 2021
Limits of quantification were predominantly below 10 ng L, except for the ubiquitous oxazepam, quetiapine and temazepam, which were between 75-300 ng L. Stability, recovery and matrix effects were also examined. Finally, this method was applied to influent wastewater from South Australia, which showed the presence of many benzodiazepines including the NPS etizolam.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Quantification of Flualprazolam in Blood by LC-MS-MS: A Case Series of Nine Deaths. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 28, 2021
User forums suggest it is slightly more potent than alprazolam and has longer-lasting central nervous system depressant effects...None of the deaths could be directly attributed to flualprazolam alone but all were likely due to a combination of sedative drugs. However, this paper still adds to the data available to allow interpretation of postmortem flualprazolam concentrations.
- |||||||||| [VIRTUAL] This girl is on fire. (e-Poster Gallery) - Apr 26, 2021 - Abstract #EPA2021EPA_2303;
Patient in follow-up by the Neuropsychiatry consultation for 3 years, due to major depressive disorder in treatment with Quetiapine 100mg (0-0-1). Results In the first consultation the treatment is modified, adding Duloxetine 60 mg (1-0-0) and Alprazolam 0.5mg (1 / 2-1 / 2.0), and reducing the dose of Quetiapine to 75 mg and then 50mg...Among those we can find antihistamines, neuroleptics, antihypertensives, and benzodiazepines. In many cases, correcting or eliminating these etiologic agents does not improve or stop the initial symptoms, but sometimes, it does.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Neuropsychiatric symptoms as first manifestation of olfactory groove meningioma - importance of neuroimaging evaluation (e-Poster Gallery) - Apr 26, 2021 - Abstract #EPA2021EPA_1835;
Currently she was taking only alprazolam 1 mg daily...Cranial CT and MRI showed a solid extra-axial tumour of 5.2x3.5x4.9 centimetres compatible with meningioma of the olfactory groove, and she was referred to Neurosurgery for surgical intervention. Conclusions This case illustrates the importance of a thorough organic evaluation, including neuroimaging, in the differential diagnosis of patients with atypical symptoms before making a psychiatric diagnosis and instituting treatment.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Alprazolam Addiction: the Case Study. (e-Poster Gallery) - Apr 26, 2021 - Abstract #EPA2021EPA_862;
She did not demonstrate severe neurological symptoms which were seen a year ago. Conclusions Thus, though alprazolam is one of the best anxiolytic substance it should be prescribed only by the doctor for a short course (no more than 4-5 weeks). The treatment must include psychoeducation in order to make patients be aware about possible addiction and unsafety of prolonged and uncontrolled usage of alprazolam.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Acute angle closure triggered by oral benzodiazepines. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 20, 2021
In addition to suspending the use of these medications and administering ocular hypotensive drugs, both patients were successfully treated with bilateral peripheral laser iridotomy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral acute angle closure secondary to the use of clonazepam and alprazolam.
- |||||||||| dexamethasone / Generic mfg., lorazepam / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: The Effect of Patient Volume and Experience on Management of Menière's Disease. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 15, 2021
Physicians who see more MD patients annually are more likely to use these treatment modalities: diet and lifestyle modification, intratympanic steroids, intratympanic gentamycin, surgical labyrinthectomy, vestibular nerve section, acetazolamide, alprazolam, lorazepam, dexamethasone, and prednisone. Physicians with a longer length of time in practice are more likely to use only endolymphatic sac procedures, and they are less likely to use intratympanic steroids.
- |||||||||| lorazepam / Generic mfg., midazolam hydrochloride / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Supramolecular Solvent Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Detection of Benzodiazepines in Urines. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 6, 2021
The mass concentrations of alprazolam in urine samples obtained from 8 volunteers who took alprazolam tablets orally within 8-72 h after ingestions ranged from 6.54 to 88.28 ng/mL. Conclusion The supramolecular solvent extraction GC-MS/MS method for analysis of 9 benzodiazepines in urines provided by this study is simple, fast, accurate and sensitive, which can provide technical support for monitoring of poisoning by benzodiazepines for clinical treatment and judicial identification.
- |||||||||| [VIRTUAL] Burning Mouth Syndrome Responsive to Gabapentin: A Case Report () - Apr 4, 2021 - Abstract #CPNP2021CPNP_113;
Patient History: The patient is a 36-year-old Caucasian man with a past medical history of throat pain due to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and a history of a collapsed vocal cord, depression, polysubstance use disorder, and BMS which has been refractory to treatment with amitriptyline, citalopram, diazepam, and prednisone...He was also purchasing alprazolam illegally...On the second day, the dose of gabapentin was increased to 800 mg TID, one dose of buprenorphine 2 mg was given, and acetaminophen 650 mg was also given for mild body aches...On the third day, the patient was medically stable and discharged with the following medications: escitalopram 10 mg daily, gabapentin 800 mg TID, trazodone 50 mg as needed for insomnia, and clonazepam 1 mg TID... In our case report, gabapentin, an anticonvulsant medication, was successfully used in combination with escitalopram and clonazepam to alleviate burning mouth sensation in a patient diagnosed with depression and BMS unresponsive to multiple medications.
- |||||||||| Nitredon (nitrazepam) / Remedica, Lendormin (brotizolam) / Boehringer Ingelheim, Ozalin (midazolam) / Primex Pharma, Sintetica
Benzodiazepine: Alprazolam, Bromazepam, Brotizolam, Clobazam, Clonazepam, Clorazepat, Diazepam, Flunitrazepam, Flurazepam, Lorazepam, Lormetazepam, Medazepam, Midazolam, Nitrazepam, Oxazepam, Prazepam, Temazepam und Triazolam (Twitter) - Mar 24, 2021
- |||||||||| lorazepam / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Designer Benzodiazepines: A Dangerously Unregulated Market () - Mar 20, 2021 - Abstract #ASAM2021ASAM_192;
Lastly, the case highlights a professional with a substance use disorder. It is important to keep designer substances in mind when assessing individuals who may have an interest in evading “illegal” activities.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Challenges of Treating Designer Benzodiazepine Dependence and Withdrawal: A Case Report () - Mar 20, 2021 - Abstract #ASAM2021ASAM_184;
DBZD related sedative-hypnotic use disorder is under-recognized and challenging to treat due to limited tools for determining the identity and pharmacology of the DBZD being used, resulting in suboptimal post-acute withdrawal management. Patients and providers need better options for diagnosing and treating patients struggling with DBZD dependence and managing withdrawal symptoms.
- |||||||||| trazodone ER / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] Acute Psychosis in association of COVID19 Infection: A Case Report () - Mar 18, 2021 - Abstract #AAN2021AAN_355;
Patient was initially treated with Alprazolam, Trazodone and Escitalopram. Acute psychosis is a less known complication of COVID19 infection which should be anticipated and managed appropriately to reduce morbidity.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Benzodiazepines reported in NFLIS-Drug, 2015 to 2018. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 6, 2021
Depressants and tranquilizers and narcotic analgesics were the drug classes most frequently identified in the same item as etizolam. A timeline of some benzodiazepines' emergence in NFLIS-Drug is shown, as well as state- and county-level data for selected benzodiazepines.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Potentially inappropriate medications in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 5, 2021
The number of medications was a significant risk factor to the use of potentially inappropriate medication in both criteria. Conclusion The prevalence of the use of potentially inappropriate medication in Chinese community-dwelling older adults is high, and explicit criteria are a useful tool to evaluate the prescription of such medication in the elderly.
- |||||||||| alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Benzodiazepines in the oral fluid of Spanish drivers. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 27, 2021
Concomitant use of benzodiazepines and other psychoactive substances was found to be a common behavior among drivers who tested positive on the road. It is important to raise awareness of all those involved in the consumption of driving-impairing substances (authorities, healthcare providers, patients and their families, etc.): roadside detection of driving-impairing substances is suggested, in addition to promoting the use of fewer driving-impairing medications and the provision of clear information to patients.
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