- |||||||||| Remicade (infliximab) / Merck (MSD), Mitsubishi Tanabe, J&J, Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma, Entyvio (vedolizumab) / Takeda
Common variable immunodeficiency-associated small bowel enteropathy () - Oct 4, 2022 - Abstract #AGW2022AGW_550;
These are likely sequelae of immune dysregulation, rather than gluten sensitivity. Introduction of GFD with subsequent histological improvement would be the definitive way to diagnose celiac disease.
- |||||||||| progesterone / Generic mfg., loperamide / Generic mfg., bromocriptine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Drug repurposing candidates to treat core symptoms in autism spectrum disorder. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 1, 2022
These drugs act on ASD-related biological systems, indicating that these drugs could effectively treat ASD core symptoms. Based on our bioinformatics analyses of ASD genetics, we shortlist potential drug repurposing candidates that warrant clinical translation to treat core symptoms in ASD.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Enrollment open: Multi-System Analysis of Opioid Receptor Binding (clinicaltrials.gov) - Sep 30, 2022
P1, N=20, Recruiting,
The results of this study suggest that B. coagulans SNZ 1969 intake could attenuate constipation through mucin secretion and alteration of GI hormones. Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Different effects of Bacillus coagulans vegetative cells and spore isolates on constipation-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 24, 2022
coagulans) vegetative cells and spores against loperamide-induced constipation in mice...coagulans GBI-30 6086 and B. coagulans 90 spores alleviate constipation by increasing the abundances of Actinobacteria, Deferribacteres, and Lachnospiraceae UCG-006 (which were positively correlated with SCFAs) and decreasing the abundances of Cyanobateria and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut group (which were negatively correlated with SCFAs) and the levels of Ruminococcaceae UGC-014 and Alistipes. In this study, the effects of probiotics in the form of spore or vegetative cell were compared, and the optimal preparation form was determined, providing a theoretical basis for the application of probiotics of B. coagulans to relieve constipation.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Dose-dependent Action of Zingiber officinale on Colonic Dysmotility and Ex Vivo Spontaneous Intestinal Contraction Modulation. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 23, 2022
Thereby, Wistar rats were given loperamide (LP, 3 mg/kg, b.w.) and ZOAE (75, 150, and 300 mg/kg, b.w.) or yohimbine (YOH, 2 mg/kg, b.w.)...No effect of ZOAE was observed on electrogenic transport of intestinal fluid. These findings suggest that ZOAE-bioactive candidates might exert an anti-constipation action and spontaneous intestinal contraction modulation.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Loperamide Induced Recurrent Torsades de Pointes: A Case Report. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 21, 2022
He was managed with isoproterenol, overdrive pacing, and methylnatrexone with no other events of TdP or cardiac arrest. A 40-year-old male who developed torsades de pointes from loperamide overdose effectively treated with overdrive pacing, isoproterenol, and methylnatrexone.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Anxiolytic and anti-colitis effects of Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colon inflammation in rat. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 20, 2022
Rats (36) were randomly divided into six groups and received (20 days) distilled water, 10 mL/kg; Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or Loperamide (5 mg/kg)...At 100 mg/kg, it increased (P < 0.001) reduced glutathione concentration to 5.07 ± 0.31 against 3.26 ± 0.08 µmol/mg of protein in the negative control group. The improvement on colitis pathophysiology, the antioxidant and the anxiolytic effects noted therefore suggest that Moringa oleifera can be a potential source of drugs alleviating anxiety and oxidative stress associated to ulcerative colitis.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Acquired Long-QT Syndrome Due to Excessive Loperamide Use (Zone 4, Science and Technology Hall, Level 3; Poster Board no. 4208) - Sep 18, 2022 - Abstract #AHA2022AHA_7460;
Despite low addictive potential, loperamide may be used at higher doses for opioid dependence or its euphoric effects. Treatment of loperamide toxicity should be aimed at reducing the risk of cardiotoxicity and managing withdrawal symptoms during detoxification, given its variable half-life.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Loperamide Cardiac Toxicity - Pathophysiology, Presentation and Management. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 14, 2022
Additionally, if there is an underlying opioid use disorder, efforts should be made to refer to specialized addictions care and initiate opioid agonist therapy when appropriate. We review the pharmacology of loperamide and the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and suggested management of loperamide cardiac toxicity.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: LimosiLactobacillus pentosus Isolated from Mustard Relieves Drug-induced Constipation in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet by Modulating Enteric Neurotransmitter Function. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 12, 2022
This study aimed to investigate whether LimosiLactobacillus pentosus CQZC02 alleviated loperamide hydrochloride (Lop)-induced constipation in mice under high-fat diet (HFD) conditions and to elucidate the underlying mechanism, focusing on enteric neurotransmitters...In symptom characterization, the mice in the H-Lop + ZC02H group lost weight and increased feces and water content. In functional experiments, gastrointestinal motility was enhanced; the inflammation score of intestinal tissue was decreased, and gene expression levels were modulated; serum oxidative factor levels were modulated, and oxidative stress levels were decreased.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
RECURRENT SYNCOPE FROM INTERMITTENT TORSADES IN LOPERAMIDE ABUSE (Convention Center Exhibit Hall: Rapid Area 3B) - Sep 11, 2022 - Abstract #CHEST2022CHEST_4154;
This over-the-counter drug warrants increased awareness from the general public and health care professionals. Its easy access and availability should be reconsidered.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Shouhui Tongbian Capsule ameliorates constipation via gut microbiota-5-HT-intestinal motility axis. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 7, 2022
We established loperamide hydrochloride (LH)-induced experimental constipation mouse model to evaluate the effect of SHTB...Finally, FMT study confirmed that the effects of SHTB on 5-HT production and constipation are dependent on modulating intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, our current study deciphered therapeutic mechanism of SHTB in the treatment of experimental constipation from perspectives of gut microbiota-5-HT-intetinal motility axis and provides novel insights into the appropriate and safe application of SHTB in the clinic.
- |||||||||| Xifaxan (rifaximin) / Alfa Wassermann, Bausch Health, Norgine, ASKA Pharma, Resolor (prucalopride) / J&J, Takeda
Neurogastroenterology & Motility Manifestations After COVID-19 Infection: A Case Series (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_3841;
Dietary modification and metoclopramide led to symptomatic improvement...She responded favorably to amitriptyline and ondansetron...Prucalopride was started, leading to improvement in symptoms...After discharge, she had persistent symptoms of brain fog, fatigue, dyspnea as well as diarrhea and abdominal cramping , persisting despite loperamide and dicyclomine...Her symptoms eventually improved with rifaximin...Figure: Image (A) showing delayed gastric emptying with 64% retention at 4 hours. Images (B) and (C) both from Case-3 showing markedly delayed gastric emptying with 86% retention at 4 hours and abnormal colonic transit study with X-ray showing large amount of stool and retention of markers throughout the entire colon, in the same patient.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg., colestipol / Generic mfg.
A Case of Progressive Refractory Diarrhea due to Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_3224;
The gastric pH, gastric level, secretin stimulation, and Dotatate PET/CT are used to evaluate and localize the tumor. Figure: Figure 1A, 1B: Computed Tomography (CT) abdomen showed multiple, small duodenal ulcers and 4 millimeter (mm) enhancing polyp at the gastric antrum (red arrows)
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Radiation-Induced Ileovesical Fistula: A Rare Presentation of Chronic Diarrhea (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_2614;
After ruling out C. difficile and no improvement of symptoms, loperamide was started without improvement...It is important to report this case to raise awareness of the importance of the history of radiation in patients with CD to decrease invasive and expensive tests in the diagnostic process. Also, to highlight the benefits of nephrostomies as a tool in the management of IVF and its impact on the quality of life of the patients.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Loperamide-Induced Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest in the Setting of Recently Diagnosed Ulcerative Colitis (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_2158;
Upon admission to the intensive care unit, she developed torsades de pointes leading to recurrent ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest, requiring 12 defibrillations and subsequent esmolol and lidocaine infusions...Typical management of QTc prolongation arrhythmias due to medications may be refractory in loperamide-induced cardiotoxicity, including sodium bicarbonate, magnesium sulfate, amiodarone and defibrillation...Figure: Figure 1. Telemetry strips showing polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (A) inducing ventricular fibrillation (B).
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Constipation Then Colectomy: A Case of Loperamide-Induced Ogilvie Syndrome (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_1268;
A subtotal colectomy is an intervention of last resort for these patients but necessary in our patient due to his malnutrition that required TPN and persistent ileus. Figure: A. Patient's initial KUB B. Operative photo of subtotal colectomy C. Patient's abdomen with surgical incision, ileostomy, and stitched up cecostomy tube opening
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Chronic Sclerosing Mesenteritis: An Uncommon Cause of Chronic Diarrhea (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_1155;
Over three years, the patient had recurrent watery diarrhea without abdominal pain treated with loperamide, culminating in a refractory episode requiring admission...(B) Mesentery with calcifications, as seen in sclerosing mesenteritis. (C) Coronal slice of patient’s abdominal CT, showing calcifications in mesentery (green arrow) consistent with sclerosing mesenteritis.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Budesonide in Treating a Patient With Microscopic Enteritis (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_1069;
The patient attempted to take pancrelipase, loperamide, probiotics, increased fiber intake, with no improvement in his symptoms...Given the known response of microscopic colitis to budesonide, a trial of budesonide was started and was sufficient to resolve the patient’s symptoms and lead to complete clinical remission. Figure: Figure 1: A. descending colon; B. ascending colon; C. ileo-cecal valve; D. terminal ileum
- |||||||||| A Rare Case of BRAF/MEK Inhibitor-Induced Colitis (Crown Ballroom) - Sep 4, 2022 - Abstract #ACG2022ACG_639;
She developed CTC grade I diarrhea controlled with loperamide, but then also developed pathological fractures...She was subsequently treated with encorafenib (BRAF inhibitor) and binimetinib (MEK inhibitor), but after 9 months developed dark stool, dyspnea, fatigue, and a hemoglobin of 5.6 g/dL from 10.2 g/dL one month prior...The patient was treated with pRBC transfusions and fluconazole...Herein we present a patient who developed symptomatic anemia with no other potential source besides BRAF/MEK inhibitor induced colitis which improved after cessation of therapy. Given the risk of severe adverse events, it is important for clinicians to recognize that BRAF and MEK inhibitors may also cause clinically significant colitis.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: In Vivo Efficacy, Toxicity Assessment, and Elemental Analysis of Traditionally Used Polyherbal Recipe for Diarrhea. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 3, 2022
Antienteropooling effect of the extract was greater than that of loperamide...In vivo evidence supported the use, safety, and efficacy of the polyherbal recipe that has been used as an alternative medicine for diarrhea in the study area. Inhibition of castor oil-induced diarrhea and antisecretory effect of the studied polyherbal recipe makes it a potent antidiarrheal drug without no or limited toxic effects at the tested dose after further analysis.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Alleviating effects of gut micro-ecologically regulatory treatments on mice with constipation. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 27, 2022
Male BALB/c mice were treated with loperamide to induce constipation, and then the corresponding intervention was administered in each group, respectively...It suggested gut microbial metabolites affected secretion of motilin to increase gastrointestinal movement and transportation function and thus improved pathological symptoms of mice with constipation. In conclusion, the alteration of gut micro-ecology is closely associated with gastrointestinal function, and it is an effective way to improve constipation via probiotic, prebiotic, and postbiotic treatment.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Loperamide Induces Excessive Accumulation of Bile Acids in the Liver of Mice with Different Diets. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 18, 2022
The expression of SHP, which inhibits the transcription of Cyp7a1 in hepatocytes, was significantly downregulated in the hepatic tissues of mice treated with loperamide. These results demonstrated that administration of loperamide caused excessive accumulation of bile acids in the liver of mice via upregulating genes for biosynthesis of cholesterol and bile acid and downregulating genes for discharging cholesterol and bile acids in hepatocytes of mice, moreover, the downregulation of SHP in hepatic tissues might be one of the mechanisms of it, especially for mice fed with HFD.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Short-term acute constipation and not short-term acute diarrhea altered cardiovascular variables in male Wistar rats. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 18, 2022
The control group received an equivalent amount of distilled water while Diarrhoea and the Constipation group were induced by oral administration of 2ml Castor oil and administration of Loperamide (3mg/kg, b.d, orally x 3 days), respectively...Diarrhea had no significant effect on the parameters determined in both post-induction and recovery phases. The electrical activities did not change in both experimental groups compared to the control. This study revealed increased SBP, DBP, MAP, and HR in short-term acute constipated rats but not so with short-term acute experimental diarrhea.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Mechanism of Picrorhizae Rhizoma against functional constipation in mice: an exploration based on 16S rDNA and GC-MS (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2022
Mice in the model and low-, middle-, and high-dose Picrorhizae Rhizoma groups were modeled with loperamide hydrochloride...A total of 43 differential metabolites were detected in the feces of mice, involving the D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism. All these have demonstrated that Picrorhizae Rhizoma enhanced gastrointestinal motility, protectd gastrointestinal mucosa, and alleviated constipation symptoms possibly by regulating the intestinal microbial communities and metabolites and affecting the related metabolic pathways.
- |||||||||| loperamide / Generic mfg.
Journal: Medical management of acute radiation syndrome. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 23, 2022
Recommendations also included fluoroquinolones, bowel decontamination, serotonin receptor antagonists, loperamide and enteral nutrition for GIS; supportive care for NVS; and topical steroids, antihistamines and antibiotics, and surgical excision/grafting for CS...Today's management of HS is supported by evidence-based guidelines. Management of non-HS subsyndromes is supported by a narrative review of the literature and recommendations of infectious disease societies.
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