letrozole / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  pictilisib (GDC-0941) / Roche, buparlisib (BKM120) / Novartis, Adlai Nortye
    [VIRTUAL] Impact of PI3K inhibition in AIs-treated sensitive and resistant breast cancer cells: anti-proliferative effects and induction of apoptosis () -  May 30, 2021 - Abstract #EACR2021EACR_1688;    
    The third-generation of aromatase inhibitors (AIs), anastrozole (Ana), letrozole (Let) and exemestane (Exe) are a first-line treatment option for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+ ) breast tumors, in postmenopausal women...Therefore, in this work the combinations of two PI3K class I inhibitors, buparlisib (BKM120) and pictilisib (GDC-0941), with AIs were explored in AIs-sensitive (MCF-7aro) and AIs-resistant (LTEDaro) breast cancer cell models...All the combinations in the resistant cells induced apoptosis, through mitochondrial pathway, with a more pronounced effect for the combinations with Exe. Conclusion Despite the high toxicity associated with the use of PI3K class I inhibitors, these results support further studies combining new, less toxic and specific PI3K class I inhibitors with AIs, especially with Exe, in refractory ER+ tumors The authors thank Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) for T. Augusto PhD grant (BD/128333/2017) funded in part by FCT PhD Programme in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Innovation (i3DU), for C. Amaral contract (DL 57/2016 – Norma Transitória) and by Post-doc grant (SFRH/BPD/98304/2013) and for financial support (UIDP/04378/2020, UIDB/04378/2020).
  • ||||||||||  metformin / Generic mfg., letrozole / Generic mfg., clomifene citrate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  To share or not to share data: how valid are trials evaluating first-line ovulation induction for polycystic ovary syndrome? (Pubmed Central) -  May 29, 2021   
    IPD meta-analysis on evaluating first-line ovulation induction for PCOS preserves validity and generates more accurate estimates of risk than meta-analyses using aggregate data, which enables more transparent assessments of benefits and risks. The availability of IPD and the willingness to share these data may be a good indicator of quality, methodological soundness and integrity of RCTs when they are being considered for inclusion in systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
  • ||||||||||  letrozole / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Effect of Vitex agnus-castus ethanolic extract on hypothalamic KISS-1 gene expression in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. (Pubmed Central) -  May 29, 2021   
    Thirty-two female rats were distributed into: control, Vitagnus-treatment (365 mg/kg for 30 days), PCOS (Letrozole for 28 days) and PCOS animals treated with Vitagnus (30 days of Vitagnus after PCOS induction)...Because of the master role of kisspeptin in adjusting the HPG axis, Vitagnus is likely to show beneficial effects in the treatment of PCOS via regulation of kisspeptin expression. This finding indicates a new aspect of Vitagnus effect and may be considered in its clinical applications.
  • ||||||||||  letrozole / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  An attempt to potentiate the ovarian superstimulatory response in cattle by co-treatment with an aromatase inhibitor. (Pubmed Central) -  May 28, 2021   
    The proportion of ovulations (number of CL on Day 12 over the number of follicles ≥3 mm on Day 0) did not differ (0.65 ± 0.02 vs. 0.70 ± 0.02; P = 0.15) nor did the number of CL on Day 12 (15.9 ± 2.5 vs. 19.0 ± 2.0; P = 0.32) between the LRD and sham groups. In summary, treatment with letrozole did not increase the number of antral follicles at wave emergence or the superstimulatory response, but increased precision in the interval to estrus and may be useful for artificial insemination at a fixed time in superstimulatory protocols.
  • ||||||||||  Ibrance (palbociclib) / Pfizer
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Palbociclib and Endocrine Therapy for LObular Breast Cancer Preoperative Study (PELOPS) (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 24, 2021   
    P2,  N=195, Active, not recruiting, 
    Trial primary completion date: Sep 2021 --> Sep 2020 Trial completion date: Nov 2020 --> Apr 2031 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2020 --> Jun 2021
  • ||||||||||  letrozole / Generic mfg., anastrozole / Generic mfg., exemestane / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Aromatase inhibitors: Role in postmenopausal breast cancer. (Pubmed Central) -  May 21, 2021   
    It is, therefore, urgently required to develop novel anticancer drugs having better safety and efficacy for the treatment of breast cancer. This study highlights the aromatase inhibitors reported in the current literature as well as the recent advances in the management of breast cancer.
  • ||||||||||  letrozole / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Exerts Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Sex Steroid Hormones-Microbiota-Inflammation Axis in Rats. (Pubmed Central) -  May 20, 2021   
    In the present study, 6-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (eight rats/group), including (a) pair-fed (PF) control (CON) group (PF/CON), (b) FO-fed CON group (FO/CON), (c) PF with letrozole-induced PCOS model (MOD) group (PF/MOD), and (d) FO-fed MOD group (FO/MOD)...Correlation analysis revealed close relationships among sex steroid hormones, inflammation, and gut/vaginal microbiota. Collectively, this study demonstrated that dietary FO ameliorated PCOS through the sex steroid hormones-microbiota-inflammation axis in rats, which may contribute to the understanding of pathogenesis and potentially serve as an inexpensive intervention in the control of PCOS.
  • ||||||||||  danazol oral / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Non-surgical mouse model of endometriosis-associated pain that responds to clinically active drugs. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    Endometriosis also induced neuronal changes as evidenced by activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in TRPA1- and TRPV1-expressing DRG neurons. In conclusion, we have established a model of endometriosis-associated pain that responds to clinically active drugs and can, therefore, be used to identify novel therapies.
  • ||||||||||  letrozole / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Complete remission of advanced low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after aromatase inhibitor therapy: a case report. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    Clearly costs of oral agents are lower and they are more patient friendly than GTs, therefore oral agents should be first line for ovarian stimulation and IUI in women 38-43-years of age. We again report a case of complete remission of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after surgical removal of the tumor along with first-line hormonal therapy without the use of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, emphasizing the role of hormonal therapy in the treatment of such tumors.
  • ||||||||||  letrozole / Generic mfg., anastrozole / Generic mfg., exemestane / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  MicroRNAs and Long Noncoding RNAs as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast and Ovarian Cancers. (Pubmed Central) -  May 14, 2021   
    Additionally, we discuss the potential effects of dysregulated miRNAs and lncRNAs on the regulation of critical oncogenic molecules, such as signal transducer, and activator of transcription 3, β-catenin, and integrins. The overall goal of this review is to stimulate further research in this area and to facilitate the development of ncRNA-based approaches for more efficacious treatments of ER-positive breast and ovarian cancer patients, with a slight emphasis on associated treatment-delivery mechanisms.
  • ||||||||||  letrozole / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion:  Aromatase Inhibitor Host Factors Study (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 13, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=121, Completed, 
    The overall goal of this review is to stimulate further research in this area and to facilitate the development of ncRNA-based approaches for more efficacious treatments of ER-positive breast and ovarian cancer patients, with a slight emphasis on associated treatment-delivery mechanisms. Active, not recruiting --> Completed
  • ||||||||||  Verzenio (abemaciclib) / Eli Lilly
    Enrollment open, Metastases:  ABIGAIL: ABemaciclib, ET  (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 10, 2021   
    P2,  N=160, Recruiting, 
    Combination therapy of CDK4/6 with AI does not downstage nodal disease; therefore, patients undergoing NET should have local regional management similar to patients undergoing surgery first. Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
  • ||||||||||  tamoxifen / Generic mfg., fulvestrant / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Survival Outcomes of Early-Stage Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer in Elderly Women. (Pubmed Central) -  May 5, 2021   
    Elderly breast cancer patients with early-stage hormone-receptor-positive disease receiving primary surgical intervention plus endocrine therapy may have significantly improved survival than those receiving primary endocrine therapy alone. This study suggests the importance of surgical intervention for elderly breast cancer patients and warrants further investigation and comprehensive geriatric assessment to identify subsets of elderly breast cancer patients who may benefit significantly from surgical intervention.