- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Elucidating the Effects of the Lipids Regulators Fibrates and Statins on the Health Status of Finfish Species: A Review. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 11, 2023
Overall, results suggest that both acute and chronic exposures to lipid-lowering compounds may have adverse effects on fish, disrupting their capacity to excrete exogenous substances, as well as both lipid metabolism and homeostasis, causing severe ontogenetic and endocrinological abnormalities, leading to hampered reproductive success (e.g., gametogenesis, fecundity), and skeletal or muscular malformations, having serious repercussions on fish health and welfare. Nonetheless, the available literature focusing on the effects of statins or fibrates on commonly farmed fish is still limited, and further research is required to understand the implications of this matter on aquaculture production, global food security and, ultimately, human health.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg., ibuprofen / Generic mfg.
Journal: Occurrence, bioconcentration, and human health risks of pharmaceuticals in biota in the Sea of Marmara, T (Pubmed Central) - Mar 11, 2023
The other widely detected compounds were fenoprofen (<3.6-323?ng/g, dw), gemfibrozil (<3.2-480?ng/g, dw), 17?-ethynylestradiol (<2.0-462?ng/g, dw), and carbamazepine (<7.6-222?ng/g, dw)...Day, respectively. Based on hazard quotients, estrone, 17?-estradiol, and 17?-ethynylestradiol may pose a health risk to humans through the consumption of this seafood.
- |||||||||| indomethacin / Generic mfg., gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal: Photocatalytic 1,2-Iminosulfonylation and Remote 1,6-Iminosulfonylation of Olefins. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 9, 2023
Furthermore, the first remote 1,6-iminosulfonylation of alkenes was realized by using oxime ester bifunctionalization reagents. Overall, more than 40 structurally diverse ?-imine sulfones were obtained in moderate to excellent yields.
- |||||||||| Journal: Chemical and biological tracers to identify source and transport pathways of septic system contamination to streams in areas with low permeability soils. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 9, 2023
These results demonstrate the advantages of using a combined tracer approach, involving a conservative tracer such as acesulfame-K coupled with the human-specific biological indicator Bacteroides (BacHum), to understand not only impacting sources but also potential transport pathways of septic system contamination to nearby streams. Septic systems may be an underappreciated contaminant source in rural hamlets located in fine-grained overburden materials; although, a distinction of specific nutrient sources (septic systems vs. agriculture) remains challenging.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg., ibuprofen / Generic mfg.
Investigating the solubility of small drugs in ionic liquid micelles through molecular simulations using the CHARMM36 force field (Room 235 (Indiana Convention Center)) - Feb 14, 2023 - Abstract #ACSSp2023ACS_SP_3443;
A correlation was also found between these observations and structural properties, including density plots, radii of gyration (Rg), radii of micelles (Rmic), asphericity factors of micelles, total solvent accessible surfaces (SASA), a ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic SASA, and 2D maps of hydrogen bonding networks. Applying the proposed methodology makes it possible to perform in silico calculations faster and more accurately without utilizing long and expensive computational techniques.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal: Gemfibrozil-Induced Intracellular Triglyceride Increase in SH-SY5Y, HEK and Calu-3 Cells. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 12, 2023
Importantly, all cells showed a strong increase in intracellular triglycerides (SH-SY5Y: 170.3%; HEK: 272.1%; Calu-3: 448.1%), suggesting that the decreased triglyceride-levels might be due to an enhanced cellular uptake. Besides the common intracellular triglyceride increase, a cell-line specific alteration in acylcarnitines are found, suggesting that especially in neuronal cell lines gemfibrozil increases the transport of fatty acids to mitochondria and therefore increases the turnover of fatty acids for the benefit of additional energy supply, which could be important in diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal: Association of plasma metabolites and diagnostic imaging findings with hepatic lipidosis in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and effects of gemfibrozil therapy. (Pubmed Central) - Feb 4, 2023
Besides the common intracellular triglyceride increase, a cell-line specific alteration in acylcarnitines are found, suggesting that especially in neuronal cell lines gemfibrozil increases the transport of fatty acids to mitochondria and therefore increases the turnover of fatty acids for the benefit of additional energy supply, which could be important in diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. These findings provide information on the antemortem assessment of hepatic lipidosis in bearded dragons and paves the way for further research in diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Activation of PPARα exhibits therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. (Pubmed Central) - Jan 26, 2023
Aggravation of disease pathology in Cln3ΔJNCL mice lacking PPARα (Cln3ΔJNCL) and inability of gemfibrozil to decrease SCMAS accumulation, reduce glial activation and improve locomotor performance of Cln3ΔJNCL mice delineates an important role of PPARα in this process. These studies highlight a new property of gemfibrozil and indicate its possible therapeutic use in JNCL patients.
- |||||||||| erythromycin / Generic mfg., gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal: Pharmaceutical Sorption to Lab Materials May Overestimate Rates of Removal in Lab-Scale Bioreactors. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 13, 2022
Results discussed herein indicate that pharmaceutical sorption to various lab supplies results in decreases to both dosed and quantified pharmaceutical concentrations. Studies that fail to consider this source of loss may therefore draw inaccurate conclusions about pharmaceutical effects or removal efficiencies.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal: Extraction of Emerging Contaminants from Environmental Waters and Urine by Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction with Solidification of the Floating Organic Droplet Using Fenchol:Acetic Acid Deep Eutectic Mixtures. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 13, 2022
A group of 13 emerging contaminants (gemfibrozil, bisphenol F, bisphenol A, 17β-estradiol, testosterone, estrone, levonorgestrel, 4-tert-octylphenol, butyl benzyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, 4-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, and dihexyl phthalate) was selected and determined by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and tandem mass spectrometry detection...The greenness of the method was also evaluated using the AGREEprep metric. The DLLME-SFO procedure was found to be very simple, quick, and effective and with a good sample throughput.
- |||||||||| Journal: Long-term effects on the agroecosystem of using reclaimed water on commercial crops. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 27, 2022
In the irrigated vegetable samples analysed over the study period, carbamazepine, lidocaine, and caffeine were only detected at levels from 0.1 to 1.7 μg/kg...The results revealed that consuming fruits harvested from plants irrigated for a long period with reclaimed water does not represent a risk to human health, opening the door to a circular economy of water. Nevertheless, for crop irrigation, future studies need to be conducted over longer periods and in other matrices to provide more scientific data on the safety of using reclaimed water.
- |||||||||| diphenhydramine / Generic mfg., gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal, Combination therapy: Fate and effects of microplastics in combination with pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in freshwaters: Insights from a microcosm experiment. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 26, 2022
The molecular responses that the stressors triggered were tentatively identified and related to phenotypic responses such as the delayed development manifested through the delayed emergence of caddisflies exposed to stress. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the adverse effects of microplastics on aquatic species, compares the impacts of microplastics on freshwater biota to those of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds, and demonstrates the role aquatic organisms have in redistributing microplastics between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
- |||||||||| Tukysa (tucatinib) / Seagen
Journal: Evaluation of Safety and Clinically Relevant Drug-Drug Interactions with Tucatinib in Healthy Volunteers. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 14, 2022
P1
Hormones such as estriol and estrone in RY water are found 70 to 100 times higher than the maximum reported concentrations in the US streams. The potential DDIs identified here may be mitigated by avoiding concomitant use of tucatinib with strong CYP3A inducers, moderate CYP2C8 inducers, CYP3A substrates with a narrow therapeutic window (modifying substrate dose where concomitant use is unavoidable), and strong CYP2C8 inhibitors (decreasing tucatinib dose where concomitant use is unavoidable), or by reducing the dose of P-glycoprotein substrates with a narrow therapeutic window.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg., clopidogrel / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Inhibition of CYP2C8 by Acyl Glucuronides of Gemfibrozil and Clopidogrel: Pharmacological Significance, Progress and Challenges. (Pubmed Central) - Oct 1, 2022
This mini-review summarizes the current knowledge on some of the important clinical DDI caused by gemfibrozil and clopidogrel due to the inhibition of CYP2C8 by acyl glucuronide metabolites of these drugs. Importantly, it examines recent developments and potential applications of structural biology tools to elucidate the binding and orientation of gemfibrozil acyl glucuronide and clopidogrel acyl glucuronide in the active site near heme that contributes to the inhibition and inactivation of CYP2C8.
- |||||||||| Journal: Lipid-lowering drugs. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 20, 2022
Importantly, it examines recent developments and potential applications of structural biology tools to elucidate the binding and orientation of gemfibrozil acyl glucuronide and clopidogrel acyl glucuronide in the active site near heme that contributes to the inhibition and inactivation of CYP2C8. No abstract available
- |||||||||| sulphadiazine / Generic mfg., gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal: Non-antibiotics matter: Evidence from a one-year investigation of livestock wastewater from six farms in East China. (Pubmed Central) - Sep 14, 2022
Finally, a preliminary source apportionment protocol using four priority PhACs was proposed to trace the emission originating from treated and untreated livestock wastewater and to indicate the major contributor (cattle or swine farms) in the region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first long-term investigation on the pollution characteristics of non-antibiotics in livestock wastewater in China, and our findings highlight the importance of considering non-antibiotics and the prioritized PhACs for the pollution control of PhACs in livestock wastewater.
- |||||||||| fenofibric acid / Generic mfg., gemfibrozil / Generic mfg., bezafibrate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Molecular dynamics of fibric acids. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 24, 2022
Trends in computed atom-positional deviations, molecular volumes, surface areas, and dipole moments among the fibric acids and their constituent conformations indicate that bezafibrate has the greatest hydrophilicity and fenofibric acid has the greatest flexibility. Theoretical and experimental comparison of chemical shifts of standards with sufficient overlap of fragments containing common atoms, groups, and connectivity may provide a reliable minimal set to benchmark and generate leads.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: In vitro fertilization and hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis: Case report. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 24, 2022
Eventually, with discontinuation of ethinyl estrogen, aggressive intravenous fluid hydration, plasmapheresis, a low-fat diet, and gemfibrozil, she had resolution of severe hypertriglyceridemia and all symptoms related to acute pancreatitis...Our case, along with the few prior reported cases, demonstrate hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis can occur during IVF. Further work is needed to understand the effects of exogenous estrogen on lipids for women undergoing IVF.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Safety of Statins and Nonstatins for Treatment of Dyslipidemia. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 22, 2022
Statin myalgia, without CK elevation, is likely caused by muscle symptoms with another etiology, or the nocebo effect. Notable adverse effects of non-statin medicines include injection site reactions (alirocumab, evolocumab, inclisiran), increased uric acid and gout (bempedoic acid), atrial fibrillation/flutter (omega-3-fatty acids), and myopathy in combination with a statin (gemfibrozil).
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Journal: Contamination Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in the Third Drain of Ningxia (Pubmed Central) - Aug 18, 2022
Detection ratios of gemfibrozil (GEM), caffeine (CAF), avobenzone (BM-DBM), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), 3-(4-methylbenzylidene)-camphor (4-MBC), and diethyltoluamide (DEET) were 100% in the drain...The results indicated that concentrations of PPCPs were closely related to water quality indexes. Risk assessment showed that DIC, IBU, GEM, CBZ, CAF, and BP-3 had high risks, whereas BM-DBM, TCC, and TCS had moderate risks.
- |||||||||| tramadol hydrochloride / Generic mfg., gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products as emerging environmental contaminants in Nigeria: A Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 13, 2022
Gemfibrozil (<4-730ng/L), Triclosan (55.1-297.7ng/L), Triclocarban (35.6-232.4ng/L), Trimethoprim (<1-388ng/L) and Tramadol (<2-883ng/L) had the highest range of concentrations. Findings confirm the need of i) legislation for environmental monitoring, including biota, ii) toxicological profiling of new market products, and iii) sensitization on appropriate use and disposal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg., naproxen / Generic mfg., adapalene / Generic mfg.
Site and stereoselective C–H functionalization of activated primary benzylic C–H bonds using α-aryldiazophosphonates | Poster Board #2405 (Hall F2 (McCormick Place Convention Center)) - Aug 9, 2022 - Abstract #ACSFall2022ACS_Fall_1611;
This work highlights current advancement and ongoing challenges of carbene transfer reactions generated by diazo precursors using chiral dirhodium catalysts. Highly site-selective and enantioselective C–H functionalization of a variety of simple to complex substrates containing primary benzylic site was achieved with catalyst A. The effectiveness of this methodology has been demonstrated by the late-stage primary C–H functionalization of estrone, adapalene, (S)-Naproxen, and gemfibrozil.
- |||||||||| Review, Journal: Drug-Drug Interactions in the Management of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 17, 2022
While the parenteral therapies in the prostacyclin pathway bypass significant liver metabolism and avoid drug interactions, selexipag and oral treprostinil may exhibit interactions with CYP2C8 inhibitors such as gemfibrozil and clopidogrel, which can raise drug levels. Finally, we provide a framework for identifying potential drug-drug interactions and avoiding errors.
- |||||||||| gemfibrozil / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: OLHA (N-oleoylhistamine) modulates activity of mouse brain histaminergic neurons. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 9, 2022
The OLHA-evoked excitation was mimicked by synthetic PPAR-alpha agonists (gemfibrozil and GW7647) and was abolished by the PKA inhibitor H-89...Molecular modelling of PPAR-alpha bound to either OLHA or OEA showed similar binding energies. These findings shed light on a novel biotransformation product of histamine which may play a role in health and disease.
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