- |||||||||| Cerebrolysin (porcine brain-derived proteolytic peptide fraction) / Novartis, EVER Pharma
Review, Journal: Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease: an overview of systematic reviews. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2022 The use of ChEIs, including rivastigmine, galantamine, and donepezil, as well as memantine has demonstrated a positive impact on improving cognitive outcomes of AD patients, but no considerable effects were found for immunotherapies. Melatonin, statins, antihypertensive drugs, antidiabetic agents, Cerebrolysin, psychostimulants, and some herbal drugs such as Danggui-Shaoyao-San and Ginkgo biloba seem to be effective in improving cognitive function of AD patients, but the evidence in this regard is limited.
- |||||||||| donepezil one-month depot (GB-5001) / G2GBIO
Preclinical, Journal: Donepezil ameliorates Aβ pathology but not tau pathology in 5xFAD mice. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 27, 2022 Surprisingly, we observed that intraperitoneal/oral injection of donepezil treatment significantly increased tau phosphorylation at Thr212 in 5xFAD mice. Taken together, these data suggest that intraperitoneal injection of donepezil suppresses Aβ pathology but not tau pathology in 5xFAD mice.
- |||||||||| neflamapimod (VX-745) / EIP Pharma
Review, Journal: Current Therapies and Drug Development Pipeline in Lewy Body Dementia: An Update. (Pubmed Central) - Jul 17, 2022 Levodopa may provide modest benefit in treating motor symptoms and zonisamide in adjunct to low-dose levodopa helps with parkinsonism...Phase II trial results for neflamapimod show promising results. Due to heterogeneity of symptoms and underlying pathophysiology, there is a need for new biomarker strategies and improved definitions of outcome measures for Lewy body dementia drug trials.
- |||||||||| rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Iranian thyme honey plays behavioral, cellular and molecular important roles as an amazing preventive and therapeutic agent in the brain of Alzheimer's rat model. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 29, 2022 Likewise, MDA and neurodegeneration increased in the AD group while in all preventive and therapeutic group's especially Iranian thyme honey, they decreased and conversely, total antioxidant and number of normal cells elevated and healthy neurons were observed in all parts of the hippocampus and cortex. Our results despite the limitations showed the powerful antioxidant properties and cytoprotective effects of Iranian thyme honey vs rivastigmine on hippocampal neurons that consequently enhanced memory and if advanced diagnostic tests in human clinical patients show other more pronounced effects, we have certainly started a key and targeted strategy.
- |||||||||| Aduhelm (aducanumab) / Eisai, Biogen
Review, Journal: Therapeutic Approach to Alzheimer's Disease: Current Treatments and New Perspectives. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 25, 2022 In the therapeutic approach to AD, we can identify three important fronts: the approved drugs currently available for the treatment of the disease, which include aducanumab, donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, memantine, and a combination of memantine and donepezil; therapies under investigation that work mainly on Aβ pathology and tau pathology, and which include γ-secretase inhibitors, β-secretase inhibitors, α-secretase modulators, aggregation inhibitors, metal interfering drugs, drugs that enhance Aβ clearance, inhibitors of tau protein hyperphosphorylation, tau protein aggregation inhibitors, and drugs that promote the clearance of tau, and finally, other alternative therapies designed to improve lifestyle, thus contributing to the prevention of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this review was to analyze and describe current treatments and possible future alternatives in the therapeutic approach to AD.
- |||||||||| Aduhelm (aducanumab) / Eisai, Biogen
Journal: Challenges and approaches of drugs such as Memantine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine and Aducanumab in the treatment, control and management of Alzheimer's disease. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 22, 2022 This review appraises the effects of memantine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and aducanumab in clinical trials, in vitro and animal model studies that have explored how these drugs versus AD development and also discuss possible mechanisms of influence on the brain. Research in clinical trials has substantial findings that support the role of these medications in AD treatment and ameliorate the safety and efficacy of AD therapy, although more clinical trials are required to prove their effectiveness.
- |||||||||| donepezil / Generic mfg., rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Interventions for preventing falls in Parkinson's disease. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 14, 2022 Further research in the form of large, high-quality RCTs are required to determine the relative impact of different types of exercise and different levels of supervision on falls, and how this could be influenced by disease severity. Further work is also needed to increase the certainty of the effects of medication and further explore falls prevention education interventions both delivered alone and in combination with exercise.
- |||||||||| galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg., rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Targeting the Beta-2-Adrenergic Receptor and the Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease: A Retrospective Inception Cohort Study. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 9, 2022 Conclusions are limited by paucity of research; but fortunately, a large randomized controlled trial is ongoing, and more are needed to truly determine the efficacy of AChEIs in helping with recovery from TBI. These findings suggest that exposure to non-selective βAR antagonists is associated with an increased risk for developing AD whereas there may be a decreased risk for developing AD after exposure to selective β2AR agonists.
- |||||||||| galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg., rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Journal: A comprehensive computational perspective in drug discovery for Alzheimer's disease. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 8, 2022 This chapter considers a wide range targets for Alzheimer's disease and current advances in the discovery of disease inhibitors. And also brief in-silico studies were highlighted and included to know how the theoretical lead is achievable in AD medication discovery.
- |||||||||| Cognex (tacrine) / Shionogi
Review, Journal: Determination of Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activity of Selected Plant Ingredients. (Pubmed Central) - Jun 5, 2022 This study also aims to highlight species with assessed efficacy, usable plant parts and the most active plant components in order to identify species and compounds of interest for further study. Future research directions are suggested and recommendations made to expand the use of medicinal plants, their formulations and plant-derived active compounds to prevent, mitigate and treat Alzheimer's disease.
- |||||||||| galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg., rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Biomarker, Review, Journal: Pharmacogenetic studies in Alzheimer disease. (Pubmed Central) - May 29, 2022 Potential pharmacogenetic biomarkers for AD have been identified; however, it is still necessary to conduct further research into other populations and to identify new biomarkers. This information could assist in predicting patient response to these drugs and contribute to better treatment decision-making in a context as complex as ageing.
- |||||||||| Nuplazid (pimavanserin) / Acadia Pharma
Journal: Management of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Parkinson's Diseases. (Pubmed Central) - May 24, 2022 Pramipexole, a dopamine agonist (DA), is reported to cause improvement in the symptoms of decreased willingness in apathy...The psychiatric symptoms in patients with PD are highly prevalent, and their management should be included in the basic treatment algorithm for PD. This paper summarizes common psychiatric symptoms/disorders in PD and their management approaches.
- |||||||||| Journal: The Influence of Selected Antipsychotic Drugs on Biochemical Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease. (Pubmed Central) - May 21, 2022
The combination of rivastigmine and antipsychotic drugs (apart from PNF) enhanced AChE inhibition...The antioxidative properties of antipsychotics were also proved in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC); all tested drugs were found to significantly increase cell viability. In the case of astrocytes, BNP, PNF, PIM and PROM showed antioxidant potential.
- |||||||||| rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: An In Vivo Investigation of Ascorbic Acid Tethered Polymeric Nanoparticles for Effectual Brain Transport of Rivastigmine. (Pubmed Central) - May 18, 2022 The results of this study highlight the potential of using thermosensitive in situ hydrogels containing lipid-based nanosystems to improve the nose-to-brain delivery of rivastigmine , providing a promising alternative therapeutic option to advance the management of Alzheimer's disease. As a consequence, the findings revealed that using ascorbic acid grafted PLGA-b-PEG NPs to deliver bioactives to the brain is a potential strategy.
- |||||||||| rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Increased MYD88 blood transcript in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. (Pubmed Central) - May 10, 2022 As a consequence, the findings revealed that using ascorbic acid grafted PLGA-b-PEG NPs to deliver bioactives to the brain is a potential strategy. Our results suggest that MYD88 might be a promising blood biomarker to monitor AD progression.
- |||||||||| Cognex (tacrine) / Shionogi
Journal: Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme Inhibitor Molecules with Therapeutic Potential for Alzheimer's Disease. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022 This review comprises the many hybrids and non-hybrid forms of heteroaromatic and non-heteroaromatic compounds that were designed and evaluated for AchE inhibition by Ellman's method of assay. These novel compounds may assist the future perspectives in the discovery of novel moieties against Alzheimer's disease by the inhibition of AchE.
- |||||||||| Myrbetriq (mirabegron) / Astellas
Journal: Risk of overactive bladder associated with cholinesterase inhibitors in dementia. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022 The study found that the risk of OAB varies across individual ChEIs with an increased risk of OAB with donepezil compared to rivastigmine. The study findings suggest the need to understand and manage medication-related morbidity in older adults with dementia.
- |||||||||| galantamine hydrobromide / Generic mfg., memantine / Generic mfg., rivastigmine / Generic mfg.
Observational data, Journal: Analysis of treatment pattern of anti-dementia medications in newly diagnosed Alzheimer's dementia using OMOP CDM. (Pubmed Central) - May 6, 2022 A 12-month persistence analysis showed values of approximately 50% for donepezil and memantine and approximately 40% for rivastigmine and galantamine. There were differences in the prescribing pattern and persistence among anti-dementia medications from database using the Observational Medical Outcome Partnership Common Data Model on the Federated E-health Big Data for Evidence Renovation Network platform in Korea.
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