leflunomide / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  Orencia (abatacept) / BMS
    [VIRTUAL] Leflunomide-Induced Colitis: A Rare Cause of Bloody Diarrhea () -  Sep 15, 2020 - Abstract #ACG2020ACG_1834;    
    Her history was significant for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on leflunomide 20 mg/day and oral prednisone 5 mg/day for the past 6 months, breast cancer status-post bilateral mastectomy and chemotherapy, hyperthyroidism, and opioid abuse (currently on methadone)...She was transitioned to abatacept for subsequent treatment of her RA...Cessation of leflunomide can help establish the diagnosis. Resolution of the symptoms in a few weeks after discontinuation of the drug should be expected, similar to what we presented.
  • ||||||||||  Cimzia (certolizumab pegol) / Astellas, UCB, Eli Lilly
    [VIRTUAL] Colitis in a Rheumatologic Patient () -  Sep 15, 2020 - Abstract #ACG2020ACG_1141;    
    Patients with rheumatologic diseases are often on medications with adverse gastrointestinal effects, including biologics, steroids, NSAIDs and other immunomodulators. The lack of randomized studies, vague radiologic, endoscopic and histologic findings, as well as the variable onset after medication initiation makes leflunomide-induced colitis a challenging and rare diagnosis.
  • ||||||||||  leflunomide / Generic mfg., pomalidomide / Generic mfg.
    Enrollment open:  Leflunomide, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Sep 13, 2020   
    P2,  N=29, Recruiting, 
    The lack of randomized studies, vague radiologic, endoscopic and histologic findings, as well as the variable onset after medication initiation makes leflunomide-induced colitis a challenging and rare diagnosis. Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting
  • ||||||||||  Valcyte (valganciclovir) / Roche, Mitsubishi Tanabe, leflunomide / Generic mfg., Nulojix (belatacept) / BMS
    [VIRTUAL] Co-infection CMV/BK in kidney transplant recipients (E-Poster Hall) -  Aug 29, 2020 - Abstract #TTS2020TTS_1210;    
    Reactivation of CMV and BK can result in virus-associated tubulointerstitial nephritis in renal allografts and could be an important cause of graft dysfunction. The gold standard for the diagnosis is identification of inclusions or BK/CMV-specific immunohistochemistry staining on histopathology.
  • ||||||||||  Journal:  Pharmacotherapeutic considerations for systemic rheumatic diseases amid the COVID-19 pandemic: more questions than answers. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 26, 2020   
    Treatment with sulfasalazine, methotrexate, leflunomide, immunosuppressants and biological agents other than interluekin-6 receptor inhibitors and JAK inhibitors should be stopped or withheld. It should be reasonable to resume DMARD treatment when patients are no longer symptomatic and at least 2 weeks after documentation of COVID-19, although the decision should be individualized, preferably based on infection severity.
  • ||||||||||  Actemra IV (tocilizumab) / Roche, JW Pharma
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  A complex COVID-19 case with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tocilizumab. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 22, 2020   
    Besides tocilizumab, several disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can also be applied in the treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, we also reviewed and discussed the application of these DMARDs in COVID-19 condition.
  • ||||||||||  Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    [VIRTUAL] Neurologic manifestations of IgG4-related disease: A single-center case series () -  Aug 16, 2020 - Abstract #MSDC2020MSDC_935;    
    Under these therapies, the outcome was favorable in 4/8 (50%) of patients, 3/8 (38%) remained unchanged and one patient succumbed to an unrelated pathology (colorectal cancer).Conclusions IgG4-related neurologic disease can manifest with multisystem involvement, but isolated neurologic manifestation is possible. If diagnosis is considered in patients with normal IgG4 levels biopsy should be obtained.
  • ||||||||||  Enbrel (etanercept) / Pfizer, Amgen
    Journal:  A survey on therapy strategies for rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese rheumatologists (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 13, 2020   
    As alternative agents, 71.0% rheumatologists chose leflunomide or sulfasalazine...Etanercept was the most popular biological option in 65.2% rheumatologists...For patients having achieved remission, 74.2% rheumatologists would follow up them every 1 to 3 months. This study suggests that most Chinese rheumatologists treat RA patients consistent with international guidelines, while the maximum dose of methotrexate, glucocorticoid as first-line treatment, assessment of disease activity and follow-up frequency are locally modified.
  • ||||||||||  Review, Journal:  Immunosuppressive agents for treating IgA nephropathy. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 2, 2020   
    Subgroup analyses to identify specific patient characteristics that might predict better response to therapy were not possible due to a lack of studies. There is no evidence that other immunosuppressive agents including CPA, AZA, or MMF improve clinical outcomes in IgA nephropathy.
  • ||||||||||  leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    New P2/3 trial:  DEFEAT-COVID Study (EUDRACT) -  Aug 1, 2020   
    P2/3,  N=178, Ongoing, 
  • ||||||||||  Vistide (cidofovir) / Gilead, leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Use of Leflunomide for Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 31, 2020   
    When the CMV copy number was less than 2 × 10^3 copies/ml, leflunomide was effective in 9 of 17 (53%) episodes however, when copy number was more than 2 × 10^3 leflunomide was ineffective in all of the 7 episodes. This difference was statistically significant (p value= 0.022 by Fisher's exact test), suggesting that leflunomide may be more effective in clearance of CMV when copy numbers are low.
  • ||||||||||  methotrexate / Generic mfg., leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Cervus and cucumis peptides combined umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 29, 2020   
    In vitro, the effects of LG on UC-MSC cell secretion of anti-inflammatory factors were also performed.The Health Assessment Questionnaire; the 28 joint disease activity score; C reactive protein; the erythrocyte sedimentation rate; rheumatoid factor; and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody were significantly reduced in treatment group 1 year after treatment (P < .05). In vitro, compared with the control group, the number of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein (TSG6) increased significantly (P < .05).LG combined UC-MSCs can significantly improve the curative effect of RA patients, while LG may reduce inflammatory cytokines, regulate immunity, improve microcirculation, and are conducive to UC-MSCs migration and the repair of damaged tissue.
  • ||||||||||  leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Leflunomide regulates c-Myc expression in myeloma cells through PIM targeting. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 25, 2020   
    In vitro, compared with the control group, the number of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 6 protein (TSG6) increased significantly (P < .05).LG combined UC-MSCs can significantly improve the curative effect of RA patients, while LG may reduce inflammatory cytokines, regulate immunity, improve microcirculation, and are conducive to UC-MSCs migration and the repair of damaged tissue. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Use of leflunomide in patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 24, 2020   
    Leflunomide appears to be a fairly well tolerated steroid sparing immunosuppressant that improves pulmonary function in cHP patients. It is most effective in patients without significant fibrosis.
  • ||||||||||  apogossypol (CNDO103) / Fortress
    Journal:  Apogossypol-mediated reorganisation of the endoplasmic reticulum antagonises mitochondrial fission and apoptosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 7, 2020   
    However, neither genetic inhibition of DHODH using RNA interference nor metabolic supplementation with orotate or uridine to circumvent the consequences of a loss of DHODH activity rescued the effects of DHODH inhibitors, suggesting that the effects of these inhibitors in preventing ER membrane reorganisation is most likely independent of their ability to antagonise DHODH activity. Our results strengthen the hypothesis that ER is fundamental for key mitochondrial functions, such as fusion-fission dynamics and apoptosis.
  • ||||||||||  Humira (adalimumab) / Eisai, AbbVie, Rituxan (rituximab) / Biogen, Zenyaku Kogyo, Roche
    [VIRTUAL] The Knowledge and Practices of Rheumatologists and Pulmonologists in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (ATS 2020 Virtual) -  Jul 6, 2020 - Abstract #ATSI2020ATS-I_6710;    
    In spite of only 24% of respondents believing that methotrexate is a risk factor for RA-ILD, 60% avoid it in patients with RA-ILD...In addition, the attitudes and practices of providers diagnosing and managing RA-ILD are significantly influenced by years of experience and practice setting. Given the potential emergence of newer therapies for RA-ILD, these data highlight the need for clinical guidelines in the diagnosis and management of RA-ILD.
  • ||||||||||  [VIRTUAL] Refractory Sarcoidosis and Use of Repository Corticotropin Injection (RCI): A Case Series (ATS 2020 Virtual) -  Jul 6, 2020 - Abstract #ATSI2020ATS-I_5384;    
    She had persistent shortness of breath, cough and chest pain despite the use of prednisone 15mg/day, leflunomide, and azathioprine...Initial regimen included methylprednisolone 32mg/day and leflunomide...Apart from corticosteroids, other therapies for sarcoidosis include azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, leflunomide, cyclophosphamide, infliximab, and rituximab...Current prospective studies show significant reductions in exogenous steroid dosage and improvement in pulmonary function with RCI use. However, further randomized studies are necessary to establish its efficacy over corticosteroids.