LY294002 / Eli Lilly 
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  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly, PF-573228 / Pfizer
    Journal:  Resveratrol inhibits adipocyte differentiation and cellular senescence of human bone marrow stromal stem cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    In vitro treatment of primary hBMSCs characterized with high adipocytic and low osteoblastic differentiation ability with RSV, significantly enhanced osteoblast and decreased adipocyte formation. RSV targets hBMSCs and inhibits adipogenic differentiation and senescence-associated phenotype and thus a potential agent for treating conditions of increased BMAT formation.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Marmoset Viral Hepatic Inflammation Induced by Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein via IL-32. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    By KEGG enrichment analysis and using the specific signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 for inhibition of PI3K, IL-32 expression was significantly reduced (P < 0.001). In conclusion, HCV core protein induces an increase of IL-32 expression via the PI3K pathway in hepatic cells, which played a major role in development of HCV-related severe hepatitis.
  • ||||||||||  Avastin (bevacizumab) / Roche
    Journal:  VEGF Production Is Regulated by the AKT/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway and Controls the Proliferation of Toxoplasma gondii in ARPE-19 Cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    The anti-VEGF agent bevacizumab or VEGF siRNA transfection prominently inhibited the activation of p-AKT and p-ERK1/2, but not p-p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 in T. gondii-infected ARPE-19 cells...VEGF-receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) antagonist, SU5416, attenuated VEGF production and tachyzoite proliferation in T. gondii-infected ARPE-19 cells in a dose-dependent manner...VEGF and VEGF-R2 control the parasite proliferation in T. gondii-infected ARPE-19 cells. From this study, we revealed the putative mechanisms for VEGF induction as well as the existence of positive feedback between VEGF and PI3K/MAPK signaling pathways in T. gondii-infected retinal pigment epithelium.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly, NSC23766 / University of Oslo
    Journal:  miR-132-3p priming enhances the effects of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes on ameliorating brain ischemic injury. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Collectively, these findings highlight the significance of downregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in A-24-induced apoptosis and autophagy, and the potential application of A-24 as a novel candidate in the treatment of human gastric adenocarcinoma. Our results suggest that miR-132-3p promotes the beneficial effects of MSC-EXs on brain ischemic injury through protecting cerebral EC functions.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  IL-17F facilitates prostate cancer cell malignant phenotypes via activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    LY294002 (the inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway) could reverse the facilitating effects of IL-17F treatment on PCa cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness. Taken together, current study revealed that IL-17F facilitated PCa cell malignant phenotypes via activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, offering a potential therapeutic target for PCa.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Preclinical, Journal:  Angelica dahurica promoted angiogenesis and accelerated wound healing in db/db mice via the HIF-1α/PDGF-β signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    dahurica activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which was abrogated by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002...In summary, A. dahurica promoted angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro by promoting signaling via the HIF-1α/PDGF-β pathway, efficiently enhancing vascularization in regenerated tissue and facilitating wound healing in vivo. The results revealed that A. dahurica has potential as a therapy for vessel injury-related wounds.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Preclinical, Journal:  PI3K inhibitor reduces in vitro maturation and developmental competence of porcine oocytes. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    LY-294002 treatment decreased the developmental potential of blastocysts following parthenogenetic activation, increased the level of cell apoptosis and reduced the level of cell-cycle. This study revealed that inhibiting the PI3K signaling pathway could reduce in vitro maturation and developmental competence of porcine oocytes, probably by reducing cell cycle arrest and proliferation, promoting the oocyte apoptosis, and altering the expression of other maternal genes.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly, SB202190 / Amgen, PD98059 / Wayne State University
    Preclinical, Journal:  β-Estradiol Enhanced Secretion of Lipoprotein Lipase from Mouse Mammary Tumor FM3A Cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    In addition, the effect of E on LPL secretion was markedly suppressed by an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC) 1 and 2, KU0063794, but were not by a mTORC1 inhibitor, rapamycin. Furthermore, a small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated decrease in the expression of rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (Rictor), a pivotal component of mTORC2, suppressed secretion of LPL by E. These results suggest that the stimulatory secretion of LPL by E from the tumor cells is closely associated with an activation of mTORC2 rather than mTORC1 possibly via the MAPK cascade.
  • ||||||||||  Ibrance (palbociclib) / Pfizer, quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly, Verzenio (abemaciclib) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Inhibition of CDK4/6 and autophagy synergistically induces apoptosis in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    The effectiveness of co-inhibiting CDK4/6 and autophagy was confirmed in primary t(8;21) AML cells. The results suggest that the combination of CDK4/6 and autophagy inhibitors had a synergistic effect on inducing apoptosis, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of t(8;21) AML.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly, PD98059 / Wayne State University
    Preclinical, Journal:  The Effects of Insulin on Immortalized Rat Schwann Cells, IFRS1. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    Furthermore, insulin-increased MBP expression was significantly suppressed by the addition of LY294002. These findings suggest that both PI3-K/Akt and ERK/MEK pathways are involved in insulin-induced cell growth and upregulation of MPZ and MBP in IFRS1 Schwann cells.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  MST4 negatively regulates the EMT, invasion and metastasis of HCC cells by inactivating PI3K/AKT/Snail1 axis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 22, 2021   
    The PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, and a specific siRNA against Snail1 were used to investigate the roles of PI3K/AKT pathway and Snail1 in MST4-regulated EMT, migration, and invasion of HCC cells, respectively...Moreover, a negative correlation between MST4 and p-AKT, Snail1, and Ki67 and a positive correlation between MST4 and E-cadherin were determined in clinical HCC samples. Our findings indicate that MST4 suppresses EMT, invasion, and metastasis of HCC cells by modulating the PI3K/AKT/Snail1 axis, suggesting that MST4 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for aggressive and metastatic HCC.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  MZT2A promotes NSCLC viability and invasion by increasing Akt phosphorylation via the MOZART2 domain. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 16, 2021   
    The cells were subjected to various assays and treated with the selective Akt inhibitor LY294002 or co-transfected with galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP) siRNA...In Conclusion, MZT2A exhibits oncogenic activity by activating LGALS3BP and Akt in NSCLC. Future studies will assess MTZ2A as a biomarker to predict NSCLC prognosis or as a target in control of NSCLC progression.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal, IO biomarker:  Effect of TRIM31 Gene Silencing on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of U266 Cells and Its Mechanism (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 16, 2021   
    It will be also helpful for controlling the harmful gas ammonia concentration in the livestock house to protect the health of dairy cows. TRIM31 gene silencing can inhibit U266 cell proliferation and promote its apoptosis, which may be closely related to inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
  • ||||||||||  temozolomide / Generic mfg.
    Biomarker, Journal:  Involvement of PI3K Pathway in Glioma Cell Resistance to Temozolomide Treatment. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 11, 2021   
    Our results indicate that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway sensitizes glioma cells to apoptosis upon temozolomide treatment, which was correlated with ER stress. Hsp27 increases the resistance of glioma cells to cell death upon temozolomide treatment.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal, IO biomarker:  Bioactive compound from the Tibetan turnip (Brassica rapa L.) elicited anti-hypoxia effects in OGD/R-injured HT22 cells by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 8, 2021   
    Western blot analysis results also implied that active-constituent pretreatment reversed the diminished expression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway mediated by oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R); further experimental evidence showed that the protective role was limited in the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) treatment group. Our results demonstrated that the functional monomer of B. rapa L. exerted a neuroprotective effect against OGD/R-induced HT22 cell injury, and its potential mechanism provides a scientific basis for future clinical applications and its use as a functional food.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Silica dust exposure induces pulmonary fibrosis through autophagy signaling. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 5, 2021   
    Further, in vitro experiments, we used LY294002, RAPA, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) intervened autophagy...Nevertheless, it's interesting that NAC can reduce the inflammatory response on NR8383 cells mediated by SiO -exposed. Taken together, our data demonstrated that SiO -exposed can induce pulmonary fibrosis along with autophagy both in vivo and in vitro, NAC could alleviate the inflammatory response NR8383 cells by SiO -exposed through non PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and the specific mechanism of its action needs further studying.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal, IO biomarker:  Adiponectin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Apoptosis by Regulating the Cx43/PI3K/AKT Pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 5, 2021   
    Moreover, the preservation of APN expression was reversed by LY294002 (a PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibitor)...In addition, the expression of Cx43 was upregulated in septic myocardial tissue, and APN downregulated Cx43 expression in septic myocardial tissue. In conclusion, both in vitro and in vivo, the data demonstrated that APN can protect against LPS-induced apoptosis during sepsis by modifying the Cx43 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Knockdown of ZFAS1 Inhibits Hippocampal Neurons Apoptosis and Autophagy by Activating the PI3K/AKT Pathway via Up-regulating miR-421 in Epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 2, 2021   
    The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway was blocked by LY294002 and related protein levels were detected via western blot...Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway reversed the effect of ZFAS1 knockdown on SE hippocampal neurons apoptosis and autophagy. Interference of ZFAS1 attenuated hippocampal neurons apoptosis and autophagy in SE by increasing miR-421 and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, indicating a new mechanism for understanding the pathogenesis of SE.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Cadherin-11 cooperates with inflammatory factors to promote the migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in pigmented villonodular synovitis. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 2, 2021   
    Cadherin-11 was down-regulated by siRNA or up-regulated with a plasmid, with or without inflammatory factor stimulation, and PI3K/Akt was inhibited with LY294002...Cadherin-11-mediated inflammation results in PVNS with high recurrence, invasiveness, and strong cartilage destruction ability, and eventually promotes the transformation of PVNS from the initial inflammatory disease to neoplastic disease. Thus, inhibition of cadherin-11 together with its related inflammatory reaction, represents a new therapeutic strategy for PVNS.
  • ||||||||||  dizocilpine (MK801) / Merck (MSD)
    Journal:  Reversible Changes in BDNF Expression in MK-801-Induced Hippocampal Astrocytes Through NMDAR/PI3K/ERK Signaling. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 1, 2021   
    Similarly, MK-801-induced BDNF upregulation was blocked by pretreatment with inhibitors of PI3K and ERK1/2, but not by inhibitors of p38 and JNK. These findings suggested that astrocytes may contribute to the acute neurological and behavioral response to MK-801 treatment via a transient increase in BDNF expression involving NMDA-R-PI3K-ERK signaling.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Journal, IO biomarker:  MiR-122 Participates in Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in STZ-Induced Pancreatic β Cells by Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Jun 1, 2021   
    Then, LY294002 (LY, PI3K inhibitor) was used to treat INS-1 cells, and oxidative stress and apoptosis were measured...Finally, the addition of LY increased insulin levels; reduced the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-px; and promoted apoptosis in STZ-induced INS-1 cells. In conclusion, interference with miR-122 can inhibit oxidative stress and apoptosis in STZ-induced INS-1 cells, involving a mechanism of action related to the PI3K/AKT pathway.