LY294002 / Eli Lilly 
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  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Icariside II promotes the differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells into dopaminergic neuron-like. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2021   
    hAMSCs in the LY294002+3μM ICS II group were pretreated with 20 μmol/L LY294002, a PI3K-specific inhibitor, for 1 h, and then hAMSCs were induced with 3 μmol/L ICS II...In our experiment, ICS II induced hAMSCs to differentiate into dopaminergic neuron-like cells, and the optimal concentration range of ICS II was 3-10 μmol/L. Moreover, the PI3K signaling pathway is involved in the above differentiation process.
  • ||||||||||  donepezil / Generic mfg., sirolimus / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Shenzhiling oral liquid protects the myelin sheath against Alzheimer's disease through the PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2021   
    In conclusion, concentration of 100 μM of gallic acid can be a substitute for transferrin, selenium, and ascorbic acid in the base medium during in vitro culture of sheep secondary follicles, inducing follicle development likely through the PI3K pathway. Our findings indicate that SZL exhibits a neuroprotective effect on the myelin sheath by promoting the expression of myelin proteins during AD, and its mechanism of action is closely related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal, PD(L)-1 Biomarker, IO biomarker:  CCL19 enhances CD8 T-cell responses and accelerates HBV clearance. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2021   
    Our findings indicate that SZL exhibits a neuroprotective effect on the myelin sheath by promoting the expression of myelin proteins during AD, and its mechanism of action is closely related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Findings in this study provide insights into how CCL19/CCR7 axis modulates the host immune system, which may promote the development of immunotherapeutic strategies for HBV treatment by overcoming T-cell tolerance.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Resolving hepatic fibrosis via suppressing oxidative stress and an inflammatory response using a novel hyaluronic acid modified nanocomplex. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2021   
    Previous studies have reported the potential of LY294002 (LY) as a PI3K/Akt inhibitor that suppresses the HSC activation and fibrosis development; however, its poor water solubility impedes further investigation...We adopted a series of in vitro and in vivo evaluations which demonstrate that HA-ORD/LY-Lips can significantly avert activation of hepatic stellate cells via scavenging reactive oxygen species and suppressing an inflammatory response. Our work implements a proof of concept strategy for fibrosis treatment based on the dual antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, which may be applicable to treat liver fibrosis associated with a dysregulated inflammatory microenvironment.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  RNAseq of TGF-β receptor type I kinase-dependent genes in oral fibroblast exposed to milk. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2021   
    Therefore, HMH could be a potential active compound for anticancer bioactivity in BC cells. Taken together, our data revealed TGF-β receptor type I kinase signaling to cause major changes of the genetic signature of gingival fibroblasts exposed to aqueous fraction of human milk.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Taurine stimulates protein synthesis and proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells through the PI3K-ARID4B-mTOR pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 13, 2021   
    LY 294002 treatment showed that Tau promoted ARID4B expression in a PI3K-dependent manner...Furthermore, ARID4B knockdown abolished the stimulation of Tau on H3K27ac binding to the mTOR promoter. In summary, these data uncover that Tau promotes protein synthesis and proliferation of C2C12 myoblast cells through the PI3K-ARID4B-mTOR pathway, providing a deep understanding how Tau regulates anabolism in muscle cells.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Insulin signaling alters antioxidant capacity in the diabetic heart. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 2, 2021   
    The PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, decreased Akita SOD activity when insulin was present, indicating that the modulation of antioxidant activity is through insulin signaling...Of 29 antioxidant enzymes quantified, thioredoxin 1 was the only one that was significantly enhanced by insulin treatment. In vitro analysis of thioredoxin 1 revealed a previously undescribed capacity of the enzyme to directly scavenge O. These findings demonstrate that insulin has a role in mitigating cardiac oxidative stress in diabetes via regulation of endogenous antioxidant activity.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly, thapsigargin / University of Nottingham, Pirbright Institute
    Journal:  Involvement of RSK phosphorylation in PTTH-stimulated ecdysone secretion in prothoracic glands of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 29, 2021   
    Stimulation of RSK phosphorylation was also observed after treatment with either A23187 or thapsigargin...A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor, U0126, but not a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002, decreased PTTH-stimulated RSK phosphorylation, indicating that ERK is an upstream signalling...BI-D1870, a specific RSK inhibitor, partly prevented PTTH-stimulated RSK phosphorylation and significantly inhibited PTTH-stimulated ecdysteroid secretion, indicating that PTTH-stimulated RSK phosphorylation is involved in ecdysteroidogenesis. Taken together, these data indicate that PTTH activates RSK phosphorylation which plays important roles in PTTH-stimulated ecdysteroidogenesis.
  • ||||||||||  perifosine (D21266) / AEterna Zentaris, LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  Tau Regulates Glioblastoma Progression, 3D Cell Organization, Growth and Migration via the PI3K-AKT Axis. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 29, 2021   
    Finally, analysis of the glioblastoma TCGA dataset showed a positive correlation between the amount of phosphorylated Akt-Ser473 and the expression of MAPT RNA encoding Tau, underlining the relevance of our findings in glioblastoma disease. We suggest a role for Tau in glioblastoma by controlling 3D cell organization and functions via the PI3K/AKT signaling axis.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  IGF-1 Alleviates Mitochondrial Apoptosis through the GSK3β/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in LPS-Treated PC-12 Cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 25, 2021   
    In addition, LY294002 affected the expression of the three signaling proteins, while betulinic acid only affected the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3. These findings indicated a GSK3β/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway was existed and was involved in the protective mechanism of IGF-1. In conclusion, IGF-1 alleviated mitochondrial apoptosis through GSK3β/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in LPS-treated PC-12 cells.
  • ||||||||||  dexamethasone / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Retinoic acid stimulates transcription of the rat SHARP-2 gene via multiple pathways. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 25, 2021   
    Then, whether the SHARP-2 mRNA expression is altered by dexamethasone (Dex), insulin, and the combination of RA and Dex or RA and insulin was examined...The RA-induction of SHARP-2 mRNA level was mainly inhibited by LY294002, staurosporine, and actinomycin D, respectively...In addition, this effect was dependent on the retinoic acid receptor and retinoid X receptor. Thus, we conclude that RA stimulated transcription of the SHARP-2 gene via multiple pathways.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly, PD98059 / Wayne State University
    Journal, IO biomarker:  The Potential Role of Osteopontin in the Pathogenesis of Graves' Ophthalmopathy. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 24, 2021   
    OPN promoted proliferation and migration of OFs and induced VEGF and collagen I mRNA expression in OFs through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This suggested a role for OPN in the pathogenesis of GO through the activation of OFs.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly
    Journal:  TGF-β is associated with poor prognosis and promotes osteosarcoma progression via PI3K/Akt pathway activation. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 21, 2021   
    Pretreatment with 25 µM LY294002, a PI3K-specific inhibitor, further enhanced the si-TGF-β-induced suppression of osteosarcoma progression. Taken together, these results reveal a novel role for TGF-β in osteosarcoma progression and modulation of stemness-related traits and indicate that TGF-β may be of value as a therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
  • ||||||||||  LY294002 / Eli Lilly, PD98059 / Wayne State University
    Journal:  A PI3K inhibitor-induced growth inhibition of cancer cells is linked to MEK-ERK pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 21, 2021   
    The clusters/aggregates found in LY294002-treated cells were not detectable in TGFβ-treated cells. Our data suggest that LY294002 may directly inhibit the activation of MEK and ERK by its ability to bind to the ATP-binding site of the MAPK molecules.
  • ||||||||||  quercetin (LY294002) / Eli Lilly
    Preclinical, Journal:  FXII regulates the formation of deep vein thrombosis via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 12, 2021   
    Additionally, LY294002 pre‑treatment markedly downregulated thrombosis and cell apoptosis and the MDA content, whereas it upregulated the SOD concentrations in mice with DVT...Taken together, the present study demonstrates that FXII protein promotes DVT via the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling by inducing an inflammatory response. Targeting FXII protein may thus prove to be a potential approach for the treatment of DVT.