- |||||||||| KBP-7072 / KBP BioSciences
Preclinical, Journal: In vitro activity of KBP-7072, a novel third-generation tetracycline, against 531 recent geographically diverse and molecularly characterized Acinetobacter baumannii species complex isolates. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
P1
KBP-7072 outperformed comparator agents, including ceftazidime (40.3%S [CLSI]), gentamicin (48.2%/48.2%S [CLSI/EUCAST]), levofloxacin (39.5%/37.9%S [CLSI/EUCAST]), meropenem (42.0%/42.0%S [CLSI/EUCAST]), piperacillin-tazobactam (33.3%S [CLSI]) and all tetracycline-class comparator agents that include doxycycline (67.3%S, [CLSI], minocycline (73.8%S [CLSI]), tetracycline (37.2%S [CLSI]), and tigecycline (79.5% inhibited by ≤2 mg/L). The potent in vitro activity of KBP-7072 against recent geographically diverse, molecularly characterized and drug-resistant A. baumannii isolates supports continued clinical development for the treatment of serious infections including those caused by A. baumannii.
- |||||||||| OXA 01 / Astellas
Journal: Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Gene Cassettes from Class 1 Integrons in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
Carbapenem-sensitive P. aeruginosa (CS-PA) isolates displayed 23 patterns, and the predominant multidrug resistance phenotype was CIP-levofloxacin (7.23%, 6/83)...Six gene cassette arrays were detected, the most prevalent being aacA4-blaOXA101-aadA5 in five isolates (4.4%, 5/113)...Some of the genes carried were similar to those in other species, but some had shared characteristics among the P. aeruginosa isolates. Long-standing drug resistance genes appeared to be under elimination in P. aeruginosa, whereas integrons conferring resistance to commonly used clinical drugs such as β-lactamases, fluoroquinolones, and even carbapenems, as well as some other gene elements, were found to be newly integrated.
- |||||||||| Mycobutin (rifabutin) / Pfizer, Lupin
Journal: Liposomes as a Nanoplatform to Improve the Delivery of Antibiotics into Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
Preliminary safety assessment on all RFB formulations towards osteoblast and fibroblast cell lines demonstrated that a reduction on cell viability was only observed for the positively charged liposomes. Overall, negatively charged RFB liposomes are a promising approach against biofilm S. aureus infections and further in vivo studies should be performed.
- |||||||||| Preclinical, Journal: Antimicrobial Effects of Minocycline, Tigecycline, Ciprofloxacin, and Levofloxacin against Elizabethkingia anophelis Using In Vitro Time-Kill Assays and In Vivo Zebrafish Animal Models. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
Levofloxacin treatment at the concentration of ≥2 × MIC consistently resulted in the long-lasting and sustainable inhibition of bacterial growth for 48 h. The addition of minocycline or tigecycline weakened the killing effect of fluoroquinolones during the first 10 h. The minocycline-ciprofloxacin or minocycline-levofloxacin combinations achieved the lowest colony-forming unit counts at 48 h. Zebrafish treated with minocycline or a combination of minocycline and levofloxacin had the highest survival rate (70%). The results of these in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the combination of minocycline and levofloxacin is the most effective therapy approach for E. anophelis infection.
- |||||||||| cefotaxime / Sedico
Journal: Microscopic Analysis of Bacterial Inoculum Effect Using Micropatterned Biochip. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
However, due to the different testing conditions and determination protocols of the growth of the microfluidic based rapid AST, a few results are not identical to the conventional methods using optical density. This result suggests that microfluidic based rapid AST methods require further research on the inoculum effect for practical use in hospitals and can then be used for effective antibiotic prescriptions.
- |||||||||| cefuroxime / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from Neonatal Sepsis Patients at University Hospital of Leipzig, Germany. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
Gram positive bacteria showed less or no resistance to daptomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, and vancomycin...Encouragingly, E. coli showed significantly declining trends of resistance to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, and no resistance to amikacin, colistin, fosfomycin, gentamicin, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and tobramycin...The high levels of antibiotic resistance patterns highlight the need for modifying empiric treatment regimens considering the most effective antibiotics. Periodic surveillance in hospital settings to monitor changes in pathogens, and antibiotic resistance patterns is crucial in order to implement optimal prevention and treatment strategies.
- |||||||||| levofloxacin / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Cystic Fibrosis: Recent Insights into Inhaled Antibiotic Treatment and Future Perspectives. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
Inhaled antibiotics, i.e., colistin, tobramycin, aztreonam lysine and levofloxacin, are used as maintenance treatment for CF patients after the development of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P...Moreover, the effects of long-term inhaled antibiotic therapy for chronic P. aeruginosa infection and for the prevention of pulmonary exacerbations is reviewed. Finally, how the mucus environment and microbial community richness can influence the efficacy of aerosolized antimicrobial agents is discussed.
- |||||||||| levofloxacin / Generic mfg.
Journal: BIOFILM FORMING ACTIVITY OF NON-FERMENTING GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 7, 2021
Finally, how the mucus environment and microbial community richness can influence the efficacy of aerosolized antimicrobial agents is discussed. Isolates of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas obtain the protective biofilm-forming ability under such adverse environmental conditions as insufficient nutrients, high osmotic pressure, the presence of antibiotics but at high concentrations sodium chloride biofilm-formation is stimulated only in the first bacteria and suppressed in the second one.
- |||||||||| linezolid oral / Generic mfg.
Enrollment change, Trial termination: PRESTO:Osteo: Patients Response to Early Switch To Oral:Osteomyelitis Study (clinicaltrials.gov) - Apr 6, 2021
P1, N=11, Terminated,
Our findings may help clinicians in making informed decisions regarding antibiotic therapy. N=456 --> 11 | Recruiting --> Terminated; Not enough patient enrollment and lack of staffing
- |||||||||| amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Review, Journal: Optimization Strategies Aimed to Increase the Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapies with Quinolones. (Pubmed Central) - Apr 2, 2021
Unfortunately, resistance to quinolones is easily acquired and is increasing in most countries, being associated with a decrease in the eradication rate of H. pylori. In summary, a quinolone (mainly levofloxacin)-containing regimen is an encouraging second-line (or even third-line) strategy, and a safe and simple alternative to bismuth quadruple therapy in patients whose previous H. pylori eradication therapy has failed.
- |||||||||| Journal: Antibiotic susceptibility of cultivable aerobic microbiota from the oral cavity of Echis carinatus from Odisha (India). (Pubmed Central) - Mar 30, 2021
Most of the isolates were sensitive towards amikacin, azithromycin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, tobramycin, levofloxacin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol while resistant to amoxyclav, cephalothin, cefpodoxime, Co-Trimoxazole, oxacillin and penicillin. The present study revealed that the bacterial flora of the oral cavity of Saw-scaled viper is resistant to many common antibiotics, which are often used for the treatment of snake-bite victims.
- |||||||||| topotecan / Generic mfg., levofloxacin / Generic mfg., acyclovir / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Trospium Chloride Transport by Mouse Drug Carriers of the Slc22 and Slc47 Families. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 30, 2021
The present study revealed that the bacterial flora of the oral cavity of Saw-scaled viper is resistant to many common antibiotics, which are often used for the treatment of snake-bite victims. TCl transport behavior as well as expression pattern were quite similar for the mouse carriers mOct1, mOct2, and mMate1 compared to their human counterparts.
- |||||||||| ceftriaxone / Generic mfg.
Journal: Evaluation of a Multidisciplinary Antimicrobial Stewardship Program in a Saudi Critical Care Unit: A Quasi-Experimental Study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 30, 2021
Interestingly, the use of intravenous ceftriaxone measured as defined daily dose per 100 bed days was decreased by 82% (94.32 vs. 16.68; p = 0.008), whereas oral levofloxacin use was increased by 84% (26.75 vs. 172.29; p = 0.008) in the intensive care unit. Overall, involvement of higher administration in multidisciplinary ASP committees, daily audit and feedback by clinical pharmacists and physicians with infectious disease training, continuous educational activities about antimicrobial use and resistance, use of local antimicrobial prescribing guidelines based on up-to-date antibiogram, and support from the intensive care team can optimize antibiotic use in Saudi healthcare institutions.
- |||||||||| gimatecan (CPT-184) / Lee's Pharm
Clinical, Journal: Overexpression of Efflux Pumps, Mutations in the Pumps' Regulators, Chromosomal Mutations, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr Are Associated With Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Diverse Sequence Types of Neonatal Septicaemic Acinetobacter baumannii: A 7-Year Single Center Study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 30, 2021
This study investigates susceptibility toward three fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin), multiple fluoroquinolone-resistance mechanisms, and epidemiological relationship of neonatal septicaemic Acinetobacter baumannii...baumannii were highly diverse as 24 sequence-types with seven novel STs (ST-1440/ST-1441/ST-1481/ST-1482/ST-1483/ST-1484/ST-1486) were identified among 47 A. baumannii...The high variability of FQ susceptibility among FQRAB, possessing the same set of mutations in gyrA, parC, and efflux pump regulators, was also noted. This reveals the complexity of interpreting the interplay of multiple resistance mechanisms in A. baumannii.
- |||||||||| pregabalin / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Assessment of Medication Dosage Adjustment in Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 27, 2021
Conclusion The dosing of more than half of the prescribed drugs that required adjustment in CKD patients was not adjusted, which showed that medication dosing errors were high. This highlights the importance of medication prescription according to guidelines in these patients to improve the outcomes of pharmacotherapy.
- |||||||||| levofloxacin / Generic mfg.
Journal: Cigarette Smoke Exposure Promotes Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Induces Resistance to Neutrophil Killing. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 26, 2021
In addition, exposure to CSE induced enhanced biofilm formation and resistance to the antibiotic levofloxacin...Altogether, these data show that cigarette smoke alters the phenotype of PSA, increasing virulence, making it less susceptible to killing by neutrophils and more capable of causing invasive disease. These findings provide further explanation of the refractory nature of respiratory illnesses in smokers and highlight cigarette smoking as a potential driver of virulence in this important airway pathogen.
- |||||||||| clarithromycin / Generic mfg., amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
[VIRTUAL] TRENDS IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI TREATMENT AND CURE IN EDMONTON: 2015–2020 () - Mar 25, 2021 - Abstract #CDDW2021CDDW_235;
Test-of-cure is important to verify H. pylori eradication as antibiotic resistance is common to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin when prior treatments failed. These support the H. pylori treatment regimens recommended by the Toronto consensus guidelines.
- |||||||||| Clinical, Journal: Major Aspects of Burkholderia gladioli and Burkholderia cepacia Infections in Children. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 23, 2021
Besides, there are no internationally agreed minimal inhibitory concentration breakpoints and disk-diffusion test thresholds for susceptibility testing for Burkholderia. Thus, the methods which were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing in our center might cause uncertainty about the results and internationally agreed minimal inhibitory concentration breakpoints and disk-diffusion test thresholds for susceptibility testing for Burkholderia is still a gap to fill for the current literature.
- |||||||||| Journal: Molecular investigation of an outbreak associated with total parenteral nutrition contaminated with NDM-producing Leclercia adecarboxylata. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 23, 2021
Thus, the methods which were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing in our center might cause uncertainty about the results and internationally agreed minimal inhibitory concentration breakpoints and disk-diffusion test thresholds for susceptibility testing for Burkholderia is still a gap to fill for the current literature. We present epidemiological, microbiological, and molecular evidence of an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant L. adecarboxylata in three hospitals in western Mexico associated with the use of contaminated TPN.
- |||||||||| clarithromycin / Generic mfg., amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Helicobacter pylori resistance in the Russian Federation: a meta-analysis of studies over the past 10 years (Pubmed Central) - Mar 23, 2021
This meta-analysis is the first analytical work that allows objectifying the current structure of H. pylori antibiotic resistance in the Russian Federation. The data obtained in the analysis of publications over the past 10 years indicate a low resistance of the microorganism to clarithromycin (less than the regulated threshold of 15%), which allows us to consider the triple regimen of eradication therapy as a first-line therapy in our country.
- |||||||||| amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
Journal: The impact of single step ozonation of antibiotics-contaminated waste sludge to biogas production. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2021
The highest improvement in biogas production potential was determined for Tiamulin while ozonation of Levofloxacin contaminated sludge was less efficient. It was concluded, that proposed ozone doses resulted in removal of inhibition due to the antibiotics but did not lead to economically feasible increase of biogas production and methane yield.
- |||||||||| NN1213 / Novo Nordisk
Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: Personalized Treatment for Refractory H Pylori Infection (clinicaltrials.gov) - Mar 18, 2021
P=N/A, N=150, Recruiting,
We found that there was a significant decrease in the QTD after the treatment in patients who were taking triple therapy including azithromycin. Trial completion date: Dec 2020 --> Dec 2021 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2020 --> Oct 2021
- |||||||||| levofloxacin / Generic mfg., gentamicin sulfate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Effects of Antibiotics on the Dynamic Balance of Bacteria and Fungi in the Gut of the German Cockroach. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2021
Network analysis showed that antibiotic treatment made the interaction between bacteria and fungi closer and stronger in the cockroach gut during the recovery of gut microorganisms. The study on the composition change, recovery rules, and interaction dynamics between gut bacteria and fungi after antibiotic treatment are helpful to explore gut microbes' colonization and interaction with insects, which contributes to the selection of stable core gut bacteria as biological carriers of paratransgenesis for controlling Blattella germanica.
- |||||||||| Sirturo (bedaquiline) / J&J, Pharmstandard
[VIRTUAL] RISK STRATIFICATION FOR IDENTIFYING OPTIMAL TREATMENT DURATION IN ALL MDR-TB PATIENTS () - Mar 18, 2021 - Abstract #CROI2021CROI_771;
We developed a risk stratification algorithm for patients with MDR-TB based on individual participant meta-analysis of a large dataset. Stratified medicine approaches where treatment duration is selected with greater precision for low, medium and high risk patient phenotypes will maximize chances for cure of all MDR-TB patients.
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