levofloxacin / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  levofloxacin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Ultra-thin, high strength, antibiotic-eluting sutures for prevention of ophthalmic infection. (Pubmed Central) -  May 25, 2021   
    Nanofiber-based polycaprolactone sutures demonstrated no loss in strength with loading of 8% levofloxacin, unlike monofilament sutures which lost more than 50% strength. Moreover, nanofiber-based sutures retained strength with loading of a broad range of drugs, provided antibiotic delivery for 30 days in rat eyes, and prevented ocular infection in a rat model of bacterial keratitis.
  • ||||||||||  Gatiflox (gatifloxacin) / Orient Europharma, Bestron (cefmenoxime) / Senju
    Journal:  Conjunctival bacterial flora and antimicrobial susceptibility in bacterial pathogens isolated prior to cataract surgery. (Pubmed Central) -  May 22, 2021   
    Moreover, nanofiber-based sutures retained strength with loading of a broad range of drugs, provided antibiotic delivery for 30 days in rat eyes, and prevented ocular infection in a rat model of bacterial keratitis. The increase in resistance of resident bacteria present in the conjunctival sac to antibiotics indicates that systemic and topical antibiotics are no longer effective, especially against external organisms affecting the eye.
  • ||||||||||  metformin / Generic mfg., rifampicin / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Metformin as a Potential Adjuvant Antimicrobial Agent Against Multidrug Resistant Bacteria. (Pubmed Central) -  May 20, 2021   
    Moreover, synergetic studies showed that metformin enhanced the effect of the combined antibiotics, as these combinations provide either a synergistic or additive effect with significant reduction in the MIC. Metformin exerts an adjuvant antibacterial effect; thus, it could be a possible candidate as an adjuvant therapy to reduce antimicrobial resistance.
  • ||||||||||  NN1213 / Novo Nordisk
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Oral Switch During Treatment of Left-sided Endocarditis Due to Multi-susceptible Staphylococcus (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 19, 2021   
    P3,  N=324, Recruiting, 
    Metformin exerts an adjuvant antibacterial effect; thus, it could be a possible candidate as an adjuvant therapy to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Trial completion date: Oct 2021 --> Sep 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2021 --> May 2024
  • ||||||||||  levofloxacin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Exogenous maltose enhances Zebrafish immunity to levofloxacin-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    Furthermore, we demonstrate that exogenous maltose stimulates the host production of lysozyme and its binding to Lev-R V. alginolyticus, which depends on bacterial membrane potential. We suggest that exogenous exposure to crucial metabolites could be an effective strategy for treating and/or managing infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
  • ||||||||||  rifampicin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Multifunctional antibiotic- and zinc-containing mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds to fight bone infection. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    Moreover, S. aureus biofilms were completely destroyed by 4ZN-GE scaffolds loaded with VANCO, LEVO or RIFAM and the E. coli biofilm total destruction was accomplished with 4ZN-GE scaffolds loaded with GENTA or LEVO. This approach could be an important step in the fight against microbial resistance and provide needed options for bone infection treatment.
  • ||||||||||  piperacillin sodium/tazobactam sodium / Generic mfg., levofloxacin / Generic mfg., linezolid oral / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  Antibiotic-induced black hairy tongue: two case reports and a review of the literature. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    In Case 2, a 65-year-old man was administered intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam and levofloxacin to treat multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and BHT developed 15 days later...BHT may be a rare adverse effect of antibiotics. Treatment strategies include removal of the causative agents, mechanical debridement, and good oral hygiene.
  • ||||||||||  levofloxacin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Regulation of c-di-GMP in Biofilm Formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Response to Antibiotics and Probiotic Supernatant in a Chemostat System. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    The experimental results showed that the c-di-GMP content in the cells increased after treatment with levofloxacin, leading to the formation of a thick biofilm due to an increase in the production of extracellular polymer substance (EPS) and type 3 fimbriae...At the same time, the decrease in the concentration of c-di-GMP also reduced the expression of the mrkABCDF gene and prevented the synthesis of the type 3 fimbriae. The results would help to understand the mechanism of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria and to provide evidence to address this problem through the use of probiotics.
  • ||||||||||  levofloxacin / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Trends in microbiological profiles and antibiotic resistance in periprosthetic joint infections. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    Our research revealed changes in the distribution of microorganisms and antibiotic resistance profile of the pathogens responsible for PJI over time, which could complicate treatment. These findings may serve as a reference for strategies to prevent and empirically treat PJI in China.
  • ||||||||||  amoxicillin / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Green Formulation of Microbial Biopolyesteric Nanocarriers Toward In Vitro Drug Delivery and Its Characterization. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    A significant decrease in the bacterial survival ratio (%) and increase in the zone of inhibition were observed on increasing the concentration of drug-loaded MBPNc against E. coli (ATCC®8739™) and S. aureus (ATCC®23,235™). The in vitro drug delivery study showed controlled release of amoxicillin (99.85 ± 0.15%) and levofloxacin (99.73 ± 0.24%) up to 22 h.
  • ||||||||||  Clinical, Journal:  Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and biofilm-associated genes among Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    Minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin exhibited the highest susceptibility of 100%, 97.65%, and 95.29%, respectively...Rational prescribing of antibiotics and implementation of infection control protocols are necessary to prevent further infection and development of antimicrobial resistance. Combination strategies based on the appropriate antibiotics along with anti-biofilm agents can also be selected to eliminate biofilm-associated infections.
  • ||||||||||  Taigexyn (nemonoxacin) / TaiGen, Gatiflox (gatifloxacin) / Orient Europharma, cefotaxime / Sedico
    Clinical, Journal:  Clinical and molecular characteristics of Chryseobacterium indologenes isolates at a teaching hospital in Shanghai, China. (Pubmed Central) -  May 15, 2021   
    However, more than 86% of the tested strains were resistant to cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cefotaxime), β-lactamase/β-lactamase inhibitors (cefoperazone-sulbactam), and carbapenems (meropenem, imipenem)...The resistance rates to levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, gatifloxacin, and nemonoxacin were as high as 83.7-94.8%...Minocycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole had favorable in vitro antibacterial effects. However, the high resistance rate to β-lactams and quinolones was due to carrying β-lactamase (bla, bla), and mutations in the QRDRs of GyrA.
  • ||||||||||  levofloxacin / Generic mfg., prulifloxacin / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion:  Prulifloxacin in Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis (CBP) (clinicaltrials.gov) -  May 13, 2021   
    P2,  N=168, Completed, 
    As a consequence of this study, the antibiotic's spectrum should also be considered in terms of GVHD, particularly in haploidentical transplantations. Active, not recruiting --> Completed