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  • ||||||||||  Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Awareness of Seizures: Patient Report and RNS Record (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_1515;    
    It can also be challenging to differentiate focal seizures without awareness from non-epileptic hypervigilant behaviors by patients’ descriptions. RNS ECog recordings provide further objective electrophysiological evidence, and therefore could be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment.
  • ||||||||||  Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Ictal Forced Mouth Opening in a Patient with Refractory Focal Epilepsy (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_1373;    
    In 2017 the seizures recurred and oxcarbazepine was added but she continued to have nightly seizures...Conclustions Ictal forced mouth opening be considered as a rare automatism seen in epileptic seizures and can be a semiologic sign of a right frontal convexity epilepsy. This rare ictal manifestation should be recognized as epileptic to avoid misdiagnosis and treatment failure.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    The Phenotype of KCNQ2 Epileptic Encephalopathy (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_1353;    
    Ohtahara syndrome with burst-suppression patterns on EEGs are characteristic. Seizures are well controlled with sodium channel blockers, regardless of type of mutations.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Antiepileptic Drug Use and Pregnancy Outcomes in African American Women with Epilepsy (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_1164;    
    The other AEDs used were oxcarbazepine (OXC) and phenytoin (PHT)...The only major congenital malformation (carbamazepine) in the cohort also occurred in an AA woman taking carbamazepine...Despite the overall safety profile of newer AEDs reported in national registries, our cohort of mostly AA WWE showed slightly more adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes which could be due to the low use of pre-conception folic acid use and higher incidence of unplanned pregnancies. Medical provider and patient education is essential in planning pregnancies and prescribing folic acid as AA WWE may be exposed to slightly higher risks of complications in pregnancy than reported in existing national registries.
  • ||||||||||  pregabalin / Generic mfg., carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Levetiracetam Versus Sodium Channel Blockers as First Prescribed Antiepileptic Drug: Data from the Human Epilepsy Project (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_1095;    
    Results 157 (59.5%) initiated levetiracetam (LEV), 49 (18.6%) lamotrigine (LTG), 21 (8%) oxcarbazepine (OXC), 11 (4.2%) phenytoin, 5 (1.9%) topiramate, 12 (4.5%) carbamazepine, (CBZ) 2 (0.8%) lacosamide, 5 (1.9%) valproic acid, 1 (0.4%) pregabalin, and 1 (0.4%) zonisamide.Of the 157 started on LEV, 63 (31.6%) remained on the drug in monotherapy, 76 (48%) switched to another AED, 12 (7.6%) added an AED in conjunction, and 6 (3.8%) ceased AED usage...By the end of the study, pts were receiving the following AEDs alone or in combination: LEV 36.0%, LTG 37.5%, CBZ 6.8%, OXC 17.0%, PHT 0.8%, topiramate 2.3%, lacosamide 7.2%, valproic acid 1.9%, zonisamide 4.9%, lorazepam 0.8%, clobazam 0.4%, clonazepam 0.4%...The likelihood of remaining on initial monotherapy was twice as high for a sodium channel blocker as for LEV in the first 2 years of treatment. (P=.001)
  • ||||||||||  Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    New Pathogenic Variant in SCN8A Causing SCN8A-Epilepsy in Identical Twins (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_1075;    
    Future steps including genetic testing on parents and identical twin brother. We propose that our patient (Twin1) demonstrates a new pathogenic variant of SCN8A (c.796G>A (p.Ala266Thr) not previously described in the literature based on clinical phenotype and ancillary studies.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Effect of Antiepileptic Drug Monotherapy on the Risk of Death in Patients with Poststroke Epilepsy (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_941;    
    The opposite applies for patients treated with VPA, who seem to have a higher risk of both cardiovascular and all-cause death compared to CBZ and LTG. The analyses are adjusted for several confounders, but further studies are needed to establish a causal relationship.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Risk of Epileptic Spasms Induction by Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockade (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_858;    
    Several case reports have suggested that voltage-gated sodium channel blockade by carbamazepine (CBZ) or oxcarbazepine (OXC) may induce epileptic spasms (Mutoh 1993; Veerapandiyan 2012)...Cox proportional hazards regression, with time-varying covariates to account for dynamic exposure to specific anti-seizure drugs, was used to determine whether time to onset of ES was associated with exposure to any voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, namely CBZ, OXC, lacosamide (LAC), and phenytoin (PHT)...However, these results should be interpreted in the context of the limitations of the study design-especially the lack of randomization. Further study is warranted.
  • ||||||||||  Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Investigating Predictors for Developing Refractory Epilepsy in Patients with Tumor-Related Epilepsy (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_708;    
    Conclustions The only significant factor predicting the development of refractory epilepsy in this study was the length of seizure freedom period after initiation of first line AED, with seizure free intervals less than 1 month having a much higher risk for refractory epilepsy. Additionally, there was also no statistical difference in efficacy between the 1st and 2nd line anti-epileptic medications in tumor-related epilepsy.
  • ||||||||||  Briviact (brivaracetam) / UCB, carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Real-World Study of Brivaracetam in the US: An Interim Analysis (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_653;    
    Three patients died during the study, but none were judged to be drug-related. Conclustions This interim analysis indicates that retention on BRV (a measure of effectiveness) at 3 and 6 months is similar between patients that had previously failed LEV, LTG, OXC, and CBZ.
  • ||||||||||  Use of Perampanel in Two Patients with Epilepsy and Severe Mental Health or Behavioral Disorders (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_567;    
    She was unable to work or maintain custody of her child due to bipolar disorder (treated with 1 mg risperidone twice daily)...He was transitioned to 1600 mg/day eslicarbazepine acetate (replacing oxcarbazepine) and 200 mg lacosamide twice daily; phenobarbital was slowly tapered off over 6 months...The patient has continued to receive quetiapine 200 mg twice daily...During titration and at higher doses of perampanel, patients must be monitored for atypical behavior. Further research is required.
  • ||||||||||  Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Mortality in Children with Sturge Weber Syndrome (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_558;    
    Seizures were not controlled despite adding levetiracetam and lorazepam, and she underwent right functional hemispherectomy at 6 months; however, resection was limited by blood loss...At 4 months, he developed left-sided focal seizures treated with phenobarbital, levetiracetam, and phenytoin, later responding to oxcarbazepine...No death directly related to prolonged seizures or SUDEP was seen in this cohort. Further studies will be necessary to identify the risk factors for mortality in children with SWS.
  • ||||||||||  lamotrigine liquid oral suspension / OWP Pharma, carbamazepine / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Prevalence of Concurrent Prescriptions for Oral Anticoagulants and Antiepileptic Drugs Among People with Epilepsy Between 2010-2016 (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_341;    
    The OACs included warfarin, as well as those DOACs that received regulatory approval during the study time frame (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban)...These findings highlight the clinical significance of advancing understanding of interactions between EI-AEDs and OACs, given their potential impact on as much as 7.17% of PWE. In particular, further research into proposed interactions with DOACs appears warranted in light of rapid uptake of this form of anticoagulation within the population with epilepsy.
  • ||||||||||  zonisamide / Generic mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Pregnancy-Related Changes in Zonisamide and Oxcarbazepine Clearance (Hall E) -  Nov 28, 2019 - Abstract #AES2019AES_338;    
    Without compensatory dose adjustments, WWE on ZNS or OXC during their pregnancy will likely have lower serum concentrations and a higher risk for seizure worsening.Future directions:Several pregnant women on ZNS and OXC will complete pregnancies in the near future. We will expand our pharmacokinetic analyses to include those women and to assess if there is a correlation between the pregnancy ASM concentrations and seizure control.
  • ||||||||||  Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Clinical, Journal:  Focal Electrographic Seizures in a Patient With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Speech Delay. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 22, 2019   
    EEG unexpectedly showed extremely frequent, almost constant focal electrographic seizures arising from the T3/T5 electrodes in the speech area of the left temporal lobe, prompting the initiation of oxcarbazepine maintenance therapy...Hindsight is always 20/20. As a clinician evaluating the patient initially, would you have pursued further workup sooner?
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic Mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Clinical, Journal:  The influence of concomitant antiepileptic drugs on lamotrigine serum concentrations in Northwest Chinese Han population with epilepsy. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 21, 2019   
    Combination with enzyme-inducer AEDs, especially CBZ could significantly decrease LTG serum concentrations, VPA could significantly increase LTG serum concentrations, and the inducer only partially compensated for the inhibitory effect of VPA in triple combination. In the clinical setting, these findings can help to estimate LTG concentrations and adjust dosage and evaluate adverse drug reactions.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic Mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Journal:  Migraine Headache Prophylaxis. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 10, 2019   
    Acebutolol, oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, and telmisartan are ineffective...The complementary treatments petasites, feverfew, magnesium, and riboflavin are probably effective. Nonpharmacologic therapies such as relaxation training, thermal biofeedback combined with relaxation training, electromyographic feedback, and cognitive behavior therapy also have good evidence to support their use in migraine prevention.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic Mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Preclinical, Journal:  Flavonoid compounds as reversing agents of the P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance: An in vitro evaluation with focus on antiepileptic drugs. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 18, 2019   
    Thus, the co-administration of AEDs with baicalein, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, kaempferol, quercetin and silymarin should continue to be explored as adjuvant therapy for refractory epilepsy. List of chemical compounds studied in this article: Baicalein (PubChem CID: 5,281,605); Carbamazepine (PubChem CID: 2554); Carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide (PubChem CID: 2555); (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (PubChem CID: 65064); Kaempferol (PubChem CID: 5280863); Lamotrigine (PubChem CID: 3878); Licarbazepine (PubChem CID: 114709); Oxcarbazepine (PubChem CID: 34312); Phenytoin (PubChem CID: 1775); Silymarin (PubChem CID: 7073228); Quercetin (PubChem CID: 5280343); Verapamil (PubChem CID: 2520).
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic Mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Journal:  Characterizing Treatment Utilization Patterns for Trigeminal Neuralgia in the United States. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 12, 2019   
    A high proportion of pharmacologically treated patients receive multiple treatment episodes, suggesting frequent therapy switching, perhaps due to suboptimal efficacy/tolerability. Our data suggest a high burden of illness associated with TN.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic Mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Review, Journal, Benefit-risk assessment:  Refining the Benefit/Risk Profile of Anti-Epileptic Drugs in Headache Disorders. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 11, 2019   
    In particular, valproate, topiramate, carbamazepine, and phenytoin may lead to adverse outcomes for infants of exposed mothers. Valproate should not be given to women of childbearing potential for migraine prevention.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic Mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Journal, Adverse events:  Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Associated With Gestational Exposure to Antiepileptic Drugs. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 2, 2019   
    These caveats notwithstanding, guidance should err on the side of caution. Therefore, a conservative conclusion is that whereas analyses based on exposures in 2,000-4,000 pregnancies suggest that lamotrigine and carbamazepine are not associated with an increased risk of fetal loss, IUGR, and preterm birth, there is insufficient evidence to either firmly indict or firmly exonerate the other AEDs with regard to these outcomes.
  • ||||||||||  carbamazepine / Generic Mfg., Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) / Novartis
    Journal:  Major Congenital Malformations Associated With Exposure to Antiepileptic Drugs During Pregnancy. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 2, 2019   
    In the AEDs associated with elevated risks, the extent to which the risks are due to confounding by indication is unknown. Importantly, confounding by indication notwithstanding, at conventional doses lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and oxcarbazepine, and possibly zonisamide and gabapentin, as well, are associated with absolute MCM risks that are no greater than the 2%-3% MCM risk in the general population.