teriflunomide / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  Mavenclad (cladribine) / EMD Serono, Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) / Sanofi
    Clinical, Review, Journal:  Risk of invasive fungal infections among patients treated with disease modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 22, 2021   
    Papers evaluating the following drugs were reviewed: rituximab, ocrelizumab, alemtuzumab, fingolimod, natalizumab, dimethyl fumarate, interferon, glatiramer acetate, cladribine, teriflunomide.Expert opinion: Overall, the occurrence of invasive fungal infections was low, with most infective events reported among patients treated with monoclonal antibodies and fingolimod...Although not common, these infections may be difficult to diagnose and their fatality rate is often high. For this reason, screening protocols for fungal infections must be implemented in the clinical practice when managing patients with MS.
  • ||||||||||  teriflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Teriflunomide, a potential novel cause of chronic active colitis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 16, 2021   
    It is indicated as a first-line treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The most common adverse reactions reported in patients receiving either 7 or 14 mg daily include headache (18% and 16%), elevated alanine aminotransferase (13% and 15%), diarrhea (13% and 14%), alopecia (10% and 13%), and nausea (8% and 11%), respectively [2].
  • ||||||||||  dimethyl fumarate / Generic mfg.
    Journal, HEOR:  Economic impact of the new oral treatments for multiple sclerosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 10, 2021   
    The most common adverse reactions reported in patients receiving either 7 or 14 mg daily include headache (18% and 16%), elevated alanine aminotransferase (13% and 15%), diarrhea (13% and 14%), alopecia (10% and 13%), and nausea (8% and 11%), respectively [2]. In addition to contributing new therapeutic alternatives, dimethyl fumarate and teriflunomide produced an economic saving in MS treatment at our hospital.
  • ||||||||||  glatiramer acetate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Evaluation of diagnosis and treatment practices of Brazilian neurologists among patients with multiple sclerosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 9, 2021   
    In addition to contributing new therapeutic alternatives, dimethyl fumarate and teriflunomide produced an economic saving in MS treatment at our hospital. This study enabled identification of areas of agreement and disagreement about MS treatment among Brazilian neurologists, which can be used to update future protocols and improve patient management.
  • ||||||||||  leflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Leflunomide Induced Lymphocytic Gastritis (Shoreline Exhibit Hall) -  Sep 8, 2021 - Abstract #ACG2021ACG_927;    
    Leflunomide associated lymphocytic colitis has been reported. We describe an adverse reaction of leflunomide, LG presenting as episodic bleeding gastric ulcers which resolved after discontinuation of the medication, which was hitherto not described.Figure: Gastric antrum biopsy showing prominent lymphocytes suggestive of lymphocytic gastritis
  • ||||||||||  Ivlizi (divozilimab) / Biocad
    Trial completion date:  Comparative Study of the Efficacy and Safety of BCD-132 With Teriflunomide and Placebo in Multiple Sclerosis (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Sep 8, 2021   
    P2,  N=270, Active, not recruiting, 
    We describe an adverse reaction of leflunomide, LG presenting as episodic bleeding gastric ulcers which resolved after discontinuation of the medication, which was hitherto not described.Figure: Gastric antrum biopsy showing prominent lymphocytes suggestive of lymphocytic gastritis Trial completion date: May 2021 --> Dec 2021
  • ||||||||||  teriflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  An updated review of teriflunomide's use in multiple sclerosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 7, 2021   
    Data have since become available from active comparator trials with other disease-modifying therapies, treatment-related changes in brain volume (analyzed using structural image evaluation using normalization of atrophy) and real-world evidence including patient-reported outcomes. Initial data on the potential antiviral effects of teriflunomide in patients with MS, including case reports of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), are also presented.
  • ||||||||||  teriflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Switch to Aubagio (Twitter) -  Sep 6, 2021   
  • ||||||||||  teriflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Retrospective data, Journal:  COVID-19 in Argentine teriflunomide-treated multiple sclerosis patients: First national case series. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 26, 2021   
    What is more, this is one of very few reviews summarizing the topic in the light of the 2017 McDonald criteria. Our report adds to the evidence that COVID-19 is mild in patients receiving teriflunomide therapy and that continuing with teriflunomide therapy during Sars-CoV-2 infection is safe and advisable for MS patients.
  • ||||||||||  Kesimpta (ofatumumab subcutaneous) / Novartis, Genmab
    Journal:  Ofatumumab - a new drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 21, 2021   
    This monoclonal antibody provides favorable results for MS by reducing the frequency of exacerbations and the risk of disability progression, significantly more pronounced when compared with teriflunomide. The drug can be used in patients with active relapsing MS and SPMS with exacerbations, with the ineffectiveness of first-line drugs as one of the options for second-line therapy, in patients with highly active MS, especially with a high risk of PML (transfer from natalizumab), as well as if there are difficulties in organizing intravenous courses in day hospitals (produced as outpatient injections).
  • ||||||||||  teriflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Mechanistic Studies of Teriflunomide in RRMS (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Aug 18, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=30, Active, not recruiting, 
    The drug can be used in patients with active relapsing MS and SPMS with exacerbations, with the ineffectiveness of first-line drugs as one of the options for second-line therapy, in patients with highly active MS, especially with a high risk of PML (transfer from natalizumab), as well as if there are difficulties in organizing intravenous courses in day hospitals (produced as outpatient injections). Trial completion date: Aug 2021 --> Aug 2022 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2021 --> Aug 2022
  • ||||||||||  teriflunomide / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion, Enrollment change, Trial completion date:  Teriflunomide Observational Effectiveness Study (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Aug 18, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=106, Completed, 
    Trial completion date: Aug 2021 --> Aug 2022 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2021 --> Aug 2022 Enrolling by invitation --> Completed | N=300 --> 106 | Trial completion date: Dec 2019 --> Jun 2021
  • ||||||||||  dimethyl fumarate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Observational data, Journal:  Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Monocentric Observational Study. (Pubmed Central) -  Aug 7, 2021   
    Teriflunomide concentration and carriage of DHODH Haplotype 2 are associated with response to leflunomide in patients with RA, and a total plasma teriflunomide concentration of at least 16 mg/L is needed to maximise the likelihood of response. The results of our study emphasize the importance of education and communication campaigns addressed both to healthcare providers and patients with MS, especially considering that MS patients are currently receiving COVID-19 vaccinations.
  • ||||||||||  glatiramer acetate / Generic mfg., dimethyl fumarate / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] PAEDIATRIC MS (Main Topic A) -  Aug 6, 2021 - Abstract #WCN2021WCN_495;    
    Limited information is available from retrospective studies regarding the safety and efficacy of these drugs in children except for fingolimod and teriflunomide that were studied in a randomized controlled trials in patients 10-17 years of age. Several ongoing trials are investigating the use of dimethyl fumarate and ocrelizumab in pediatric MS and will aid future treatment decisions including short-term safety information.
  • ||||||||||  dimethyl fumarate / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] The radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS), is it already MS? (Stream 8 Educational Sessions) -  Aug 3, 2021 - Abstract #ECTRIMS2021ECTRIMS_1295;    
    The recommendation is not to treat off label these subjects as 2 phases 3 studies are ongoing in the USA and Europe with dimethyl fumarate and teriflunomide. A phase IV with ocrelizumab is starting in the USA.
  • ||||||||||  Campath (alemtuzumab) / Sanofi, Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) / Sanofi
    [VIRTUAL] Long-term immune-related adverse events after alemtuzumab (ePoster Library) -  Aug 3, 2021 - Abstract #ECTRIMS2021ECTRIMS_1065;    
    The autoimmune adverse events are probably related to immune dysregulation due to a differential lymphocyte repopulation following alemtuzumab. Autoimmune adverse events may be frequent, and it would be recommended to monitor its appearance in order to diagnose and treat them.
  • ||||||||||  glatiramer acetate / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Effect of disease-modifying treatments on cognitive impairment in MS (ePoster Library) -  Aug 3, 2021 - Abstract #ECTRIMS2021ECTRIMS_946;    
    However, the comparison of results is limited by inhomogeneity between groups (more severe patients in the NTZ group) and the performance of tests at different times (older tests for the NTZ and IFN/AG groups). In conclusion, in our study NTZ was a more effective treatment alternative than FTY, TRF and IFN/AG in reducing cognitive impairment.
  • ||||||||||  teriflunomide / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Teriflunomide and cognition: a longitudinal study (ePoster Library) -  Aug 3, 2021 - Abstract #ECTRIMS2021ECTRIMS_945;    
    Results suggest that TRF treatment in RRMS has a positive effect in cognitive functioning, and specifically on long term verbal memory, and, to a lesser extent, in inhibition. Neuroimaging correlates are currently being processed and will be presented during the meeting.
  • ||||||||||  Mavenclad (cladribine) / EMD Serono, Lemtrada (alemtuzumab) / Sanofi
    [VIRTUAL] COVID-19 (inactivated and mRNA) vaccine and humoral response in people with multiple sclerosis: Chilean cohort (ePoster Library) -  Aug 3, 2021 - Abstract #ECTRIMS2021ECTRIMS_907;    
    In our cohort, most of the treatments are likely to produce humoral response to the COVID-19 vaccine, especially alemtuzumab, cladribine and natalizumab, regardless the infusion/administration time. Further study needs to be done that includes more patients with antiCD20 and fingolimod but also it is important that the studies take into consideration the type of vaccine (T cell dependent response), B cell reconstitution and lymphocyte subpopulations for B and T cells.
  • ||||||||||  glatiramer acetate / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Late onset multiple sclerosis Isfahan Iran (ePoster Library) -  Aug 3, 2021 - Abstract #ECTRIMS2021ECTRIMS_835;    
    LOMS patients have high prevalence of comorbidities that differ from adult ms. Furthermore, the family history of MS is statistically significant in our study.