Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL 
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  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Journal:  Immunomodulatory properties of antihypertensive drugs and digitalis glycosides. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 19, 2022   
    The 2000-2021 range was used to search for all drugs except propranolol (1980-2021) and calcium blockers (1990-2021). Observed decrease in serum/plasma concentration of proinflammatory cytokines, and CRP along with lower expression of adhesion molecules on immune cells strongly suggest that these drugs possess immunomodulatory properties, which seems to be crucial in the medical practice, especially in the therapy of hypertensive patients with other accompanying inflammatory-based diseases, such as type II diabetes, developed metabolic syndrome, allergies or autoimmunity.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Biomarker, Journal:  Mechanistic insights on nsSNPs on binding site of renin and cytochrome P450 proteins: A computational perceptual study for pharmacogenomics evaluation. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 19, 2022   
    The molecular docking studies revealed that Aliskiren and other clinically approved drug molecules have a high binding affinity with both wild and mutant structures of renin, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 proteins...As a prospective plan, we assume this study might be applied to identify the risky SNPs associated with hypertension from the patients to recommend the suitable drug for personalized hypertensive treatment. Further, extensive clinical pharmacogenomics studies are required to support the findings.
  • ||||||||||  rosuvastatin / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  HbA1c, Coronary atheroma progression and cardiovascular outcomes. (Pubmed Central) -  Feb 4, 2022   
    Independent of achieved cardiovascular risk factor control, greater HbA1c levels significantly associate with coronary atheroma progression rates and clinical outcomes. These results support the notion of a direct, specific effect of glycemic control upon coronary atheroma and atherosclerotic events, supporting the rationale of therapies designed to directly modulate it.
  • ||||||||||  temozolomide / Generic mfg., celecoxib oral / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, P1 data, Clinical Trial,Phase I, Journal:  Treatment of glioblastoma with re-purposed renin-angiotensin system modulators: Results of a phase I clinical trial. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 5, 2022   
    Standard treatment of glioblastoma consisting of maximal safe resection, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide, results in an overall median survival of 14.6 months...Patients who had relapsed following standard treatment of glioblastoma who met the trial criteria were commenced on dose-escalated oral RAS modulators (propranolol, aliskiren, cilazapril, celecoxib, curcumin with piperine, aspirin, and metformin)...There is a trend towards increased survival by 5.3 months although it was not statistically significant. These encouraging results warrant further clinical trials on this potential novel, well-tolerated and cost-effective therapeutic option for patients with glioblastoma.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Journal:  The effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on organ-specific ace2 expression in zebrafish and its implications for COVID-19. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 21, 2021   
    Discontinuation of compound treatments for 7 days did not return ace2 expression to baseline levels. While potential risks or benefits of antihypertensive RAAS inhibitors to SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans remain uncertain, this study provides new insights regarding the impact of RAAS inhibitors on organ-specific ace2 expression in another vertebrate model, thereby providing comparative data and laying scientific groundwork for future clinical decisions of RAAS inhibitor use in the context of COVID-19.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Journal:  Attenuation of atrial remodeling by aliskiren via affecting oxidative stress, inflammation and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 17, 2021   
    While potential risks or benefits of antihypertensive RAAS inhibitors to SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans remain uncertain, this study provides new insights regarding the impact of RAAS inhibitors on organ-specific ace2 expression in another vertebrate model, thereby providing comparative data and laying scientific groundwork for future clinical decisions of RAAS inhibitor use in the context of COVID-19. ALS may offer cardioprotection in RAP-induced atrial remodeling, which may partly be ascribed to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress action and the regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Preclinical, Journal:  Therapeutic effects of various renin angiotensin modulators on hyperglycemia-induced cataract formation in Sprague Dawley rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Dec 16, 2021   
    Topical administrations with aliskiren, enalapril, olmesartan, and angiotensin 1-7 showed non-significant alterations in the blood glucose level, but significantly decreased lenticular opacity, restored antioxidant level, restored MDA level and Nitrite content, and decreased the onset of cataract formation. Overall, our findings suggest that topical treatment with renin angiotensin modulators delayed the onset of diabetes-induced cataract formation.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Preclinical, Journal:  Expression of Cyr61 in ApoE mice with chronic unilateral renal artery ligation. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 17, 2021   
    Serum levels of Cyr61 were not increased in mice or humans with RAS. In summary, Cyr61 expression in aortic atheroma but not serum is increased by RAS in ApoE mice and is reduced by agents that lower blood pressure.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Clinical, Journal:  Effect of direct renin inhibition on vascular function after long-term treatment with aliskiren in hypertensive and diabetic patients. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2021   
    These data suggest that either aliskerin alone or in combination with gliclazide can protect against the development and progression of diabetic neuropathy. Aliskiren restored endothelial function and induced a more prompt peripheral vasodilation in hypertensive and diabetic patients possibly through the increased production of nitric oxide via the enhanced expression and function of the active phosphorylated form of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Preclinical, Journal:  Effect of aliskiren on the anticonvulsant activity of antiepileptic drugs against 6 Hz-induced psychomotor seizures in mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 13, 2021   
    The obtained results confirm earlier findings from other seizure tests (maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure test) that aliskiren has a neutral or positive effect on the anticonvulsant efficacy of AEDs, which suggest its safe use for the treatment of high blood pressure in patients with epilepsy. The beneficial anticonvulsant effect of the concomitant treatment with aliskiren and valproate is worthy of recommendation to further both preclinical and clinical studies.
  • ||||||||||  velpatasvir (GS-5816) / Gilead, Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Journal:  Interaction of the renin inhibitor aliskiren with the SARS-CoV-2 main protease: a molecular docking study. (Pubmed Central) -  Sep 14, 2021   
    The energy of interaction (ΔE) of aliskiren with M is about 10% lower than with remikiren, comparable to that calculated with drugs like velpatasvir and sofosbuvir. A model is proposed to define the drug binding site, with the best binders (including remikiren) penetrating deeply into the site, whereas the less potent binders (including aliskiren) interact more superficially with the protein.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
  • ||||||||||  Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan) / Novartis, ROVI Pharmaceuticals Laboratories, Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Patterns Of Recurrent Heart Failure Hospitalizations In Relation To Cardiovascular Death In Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (Exhibit Hall: ePoster Hub) -  Aug 9, 2021 - Abstract #HFSA2021HFSA_240;    
    Recurrent event plots show a greater density of HFH in patients with pump failure deaths as compared with other CV deaths.Conclusions. This analysis shows that the accepted patient trajectory in HFrEF is true for individuals who die from progressive worsening of heart failure but not for sudden death where only a minority of patients experience preceding HFH.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Preclinical, Journal:  The Potential Effects of Aliskiren on Atrial Remodeling Induced by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Jul 9, 2021   
    Following intervention with aliskiren, the reductions in I and I were significantly improved, and the ionic modeling changes assessed at the mRNA and protein levels were also significantly improved. CIH could alter atrial modeling and subsequently promote the occurrence and development of AF, which could be attenuated by treatment with aliskiren.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    [VIRTUAL] The impact of multimorbidity on mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF): Which comorbidities matter most? (ROOM 1) -  Jun 14, 2021 - Abstract #HEARTFAILURE2021HEART_FAILURE_690;    
    In a pooled cohort of two global clinical trials in HFrEF - the Aliskiren trial to Minimize OutcomeS in Patients with Heart failure trial (ATMOSPHERE) and the Prospective comparison of ARNI (Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitor) with ACEI (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor) to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and morbidity in Heart Failure trial (PARADIGM-HF), we analysed the prevalence of pairs of common comorbidities, the population attributable fractions (PAF) for all-cause death and the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) of such pairs... The impact of multi-morbidity in HFrEF differs at the individual patient level and at the population level, and depends on the prevalence of each specific comorbidity, the risk related to each comorbidity and the interaction between individual comorbidities.
  • ||||||||||  enoxaparin sodium / Generic mfg.
    [VIRTUAL] Anti-thrombotics and Anti-hypertensives with Direct Action against SARS-CoV-2 (Room 2) -  Jun 9, 2021 - Abstract #ISTH2021ISTH_2700;    
    Conclusions : Consideration of the choice of thromboprophylaxis used may provide direct benefit to viral clearance in patients. Considering the multiple mechanisms of action, further investigation of plasma concentrations achieved and possible increases in doses to achieve therapeutic benefit both from a thromboprophylaxis and viral clearance perspective is necessary.
  • ||||||||||  Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan) / Novartis, ROVI Pharmaceuticals Laboratories
    Clinical, Journal:  Inpatient Initiation of Sacubitril/Valsartan. (Pubmed Central) -  May 25, 2021   
    An appropriate dose can be determined based on the patient's previous ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker dose and/or blood pressure along with patient-specific factors. To overcome barriers of use, the following are recommended: NT-proBNP or BNP with establishment of a new baseline 1 month after initiation may be used for prognosis or diagnosis; careful monitoring of diuretic requirements; utilization of multiple strategies to overcome cost barriers; and use of interdisciplinary care.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Clinical, Journal:  Impact of Adherence Education and Monitoring on Community Pharmacy Performance Scores and Patient Satisfaction. (Pubmed Central) -  May 20, 2021   
    Adherence, specifically to noninsulin diabetes medications, statins, and renin-angiotensin system antagonists (i.e. angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and aliskiren), is a measure tracked by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to give Medicare Part D plans a star rating; pharmacies are impacted by these star ratings...Only one patient completed the satisfaction survey, thus no conclusions can be made regarding patient satisfaction of the program. More research needs to be done regarding telephonic adherence programs.
  • ||||||||||  Trial completion, Enrollment change:  ACEI or ARB and COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in US Veterans (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Apr 28, 2021   
    P=N/A,  N=22213, Completed, 
    More research needs to be done regarding telephonic adherence programs. Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=10000 --> 22213
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Journal:  Megalin: A Novel Endocytic Receptor for Prorenin and Renin. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 7, 2021   
    In conclusion, megalin might function as an endocytic receptor for (pro)renin and displays a preference for prorenin. Megalin-mediated endocytosis requires the (pro)renin receptor.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Clinical, Journal:  NT-proBNP by Itself Predicts Death and Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 16, 2021   
    P3
    We studied 5509 patients (with complete data) of 8561 patients with T2DM and cardiovascular and/or chronic kidney disease who were enrolled in the ALTITUDE (Aliskiren in Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardiorenal Endpoints) trial...Conclusions In high-risk patients with T2DM, NT-proBNP by itself demonstrated discriminatory ability similar to a multivariable model in predicting both death and cardiovascular events and should be considered for risk stratification. Registration URL: https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00549757.
  • ||||||||||  Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan) / Novartis, ROVI Pharmaceuticals Laboratories, Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Journal:  Prognostic Models Derived in PARADIGM-HF and Validated in ATMOSPHERE and the Swedish Heart Failure Registry to Predict Mortality and Morbidity in Chronic Heart Failure. (Pubmed Central) -  Jan 15, 2021   
    The models were validated using the Aliskiren Trial to Minimize Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure Trial (ATMOSPHERE) study and in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry (SwedeHF)...The common variables were: male sex, race/ethnicity (black or Asian), region (Central Europe or Latin America), HF duration of more than 5 years, New York Heart Association class III/ IV, left ventricular ejection fraction, diabetes mellitus, β-blocker use at baseline, and allocation to sacubitril/valsartan...An online calculator was created to allow calculation of an individual's risk (http://www.predict-hf.com). Predictive models performed well and were developed and externally validated in large cohorts of geographically representative patients, comprehensively characterized with clinical and laboratory data including natriuretic peptides, who were receiving contemporary evidence-based treatment.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Preclinical, Journal:  Inhibition of tanshinone IIA on renin activity protected against osteoporosis in diabetic mice. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 18, 2020   
    Treatment of diabetic mice with tanshinone IIA with both doses could significantly decrease ANG II level in serum (from 16.56 ± 1.70 to 10.86 ± 0.68 and 9.14 ± 1.31 pg/mL) and reduce ANG II expression in bone, consequently improving trabecular bone mineral density and micro-structure of proximal tibial end and increasing trabecular bone area of distal femoral end in diabetic mice. This study revealed beneficial effects of tanshinone IIA on bone of diabetic mice, and potentially suggested the application of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the treatment of osteoporosis and drug development of tanshinone IIA as a renin inhibitor.
  • ||||||||||  Tekturna (aliskiren) / PDL
    Journal:  Aliskiren Reduces the Adrenal Zona Glomerulosa Apoptosis and Autophagy in Wistar Rats with 2K1C Hypertension. (Pubmed Central) -  Nov 5, 2020   
    In addition, treatment with aliskiren improves the cell aspects in the adrenal glomerular zone, evidenced by ultrastructural analysis through preserved nuclei and well-developed mitochondria. Therefore, our evidence suggests that aliskiren has a beneficial effect on the adrenal glomerular zone remodeling in animals with renovascular hypertension.
  • ||||||||||  Trial completion date:  ACEI or ARB and COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in US Veterans (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Nov 3, 2020   
    P=N/A,  N=10000, Active, not recruiting, 
    Therefore, our evidence suggests that aliskiren has a beneficial effect on the adrenal glomerular zone remodeling in animals with renovascular hypertension. Trial completion date: Jul 2020 --> Dec 2020