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Journal: Effects of cocaine and heroin, and their combination, on the development rate of Calliphora vomitoria (Diptera: Calliphoridae). (Pubmed Central) - Aug 13, 2022 Groups of 250 eggs each were placed into four separate pots of 150 g of minced pork meat being either un-spiked, or spiked with benzoylecgonine, morphine, or a combination of both...Interestingly, the effects of the drug combination seemed to mirror more precisely those of cocaine. These findings indicate that both cocaine and heroin, singularly and in combination, have sizable effects on blowflies' development rates, potentially biasing post-mortem interval estimations.
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Journal: Use of a Non-Pharmacological Pain Relief Kit to Reduce Opioid Use Following Orthopedic Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 13, 2022 There was no significant difference in total opioid use between the treatment (108±252 milligram morphine equivalents) and control groups (132±158 MME; p=0.696)...Outcome scores and SF-36 scores improved from week one to four with no difference between groups (p<0.001). A non-pharmacological pain relief kit did not have an effect on opioid use in this patient population nor did it improve pain relief or function compared to controls.
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Journal: Analysis of Opioid Use in Patients Undergoing Open Versus Robotic Gastrectomy. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 12, 2022 Surgeons should consider using lower insufflation pressures. Compared with open gastrectomy, robotic gastrectomy reduces opioid use in the early postoperative period and is associated with fewer OME discharge prescriptions and shorter hospital stay.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: The effects of morphine abuse on sperm parameters, chromatin integrity and apoptosis in men. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 11, 2022 Compared with open gastrectomy, robotic gastrectomy reduces opioid use in the early postoperative period and is associated with fewer OME discharge prescriptions and shorter hospital stay. According to our results morphine dependence can reduce male fertility by affecting sperm parameters.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., ketamine / Generic mfg., methamphetamine / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Multi-scale convolution neural network with residual modules for determination of drugs in human hair using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with a gold nanorod film self-assembled by inverted evaporation. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 11, 2022 Inception-ResNet with input form of matrix outweighed other methods with 100.00%, 100.00%, and 99.23% accuracies in the training, validation, and prediction sets, respectively. In brief, SERS and Inception-ResNet with the spectra in matrix form provide an efficient and accurate determination of drugs in human hair, enabling the retrospective evaluation of drug use, and the method will be anticipated to detect excitant, poison, and toxic chemicals in human hair.
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Retrospective data, Journal: Shifting practice in pediatric prescription opioid use in the emergency department for fractures. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 11, 2022 A major shift has occurred in the last ten years, as emergency medicine physicians now favor non-opioid pain management regimens over opioids for the majority of pediatric fracture patients. There was no increase in the rate of inadequate pain control requiring a return to the ED, even as opioid prescription rates declined during the study period.
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Journal: Acute Renal Insufficiency Associated With Consumption of Hydrocodone- and Morphine-Adulterated Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa). (Pubmed Central) - Aug 11, 2022 WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Despite widespread use, relatively little is known about kratom's adverse effects, particularly regarding its potential to cause renal insufficiency. This case illustrates the vital importance of recognizing that adulteration of unregulated products is certainly a possibility and clinicians may continue to see a rise in adverse effects, given kratom's increasing popularity.
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Journal: Urine Thebaine Determination by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry After Poppy Seed Consumption. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 10, 2022 Laboratories are challenged to distinguish whether a positive urine morphine result is due to heroin use or possible poppy seed consumption...We show that thebaine is detectable after consumption of two different poppy seed-containing products for up to 72 hours in urine. We discuss limitations of the assay and suggest how the test might best be used.
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Preclinical, Journal: Prenatal Morphine Exposure Differentially Alters Addictive and Emotional Behavior in Adolescent and Adult Rats in a Sex-Specific Manner. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 10, 2022 The results showed that: (1) PNM decreased anxiety-like behavior in both adolescent and adult female rats, but not males; (2) PNM decreased depressive-like behavior in adolescent but increased depressive -like behavior in adult females; (3) PNM increased low dose morphine induced locomotor sensitization in females; (4) PNM decreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the prefrontal cortex but decreased dopamine D1 receptor expression in the nucleus-accumbens (NAc) in female rats. These results suggested that PNM altered the emotional and addictive behavior mainly in female rats, with female rats being less anxiety and depressive during adolescence, but more depressive in adult, and more sensitive to low dose morphine induced locomotor activity sensitization, which might be mediated in part by the differential expression of the TH, dopamine D1 receptors in the female brain.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Method evaluation and validation of fentanyl and fentanyl analogs by LC-MS/MS | Poster Board #3335 (Hall F2 (McCormick Place Convention Center)) - Aug 9, 2022 - Abstract #ACSFall2022ACS_Fall_9779; The reference range was evaluated using 20 deidentified human urine samples collected in house. This multi-analyte assay validation met the acceptance criteria established; enabling the South Carolina Public Health Laboratory to provide accurate biosurveillance testing to our public health partners in South Carolina.
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Highly sensitive one-dimensional photonic crystal based opioid sensor (Grand Horizon E (Marriott Marquis Chicago)) - Aug 9, 2022 - Abstract #ACSFall2022ACS_Fall_6693; We tested the utility of the photonic crystal sensor for detecting morphine and fentanyl, demonstrating a lower limit of detection of 10 ng/mL, close to the clinical detection limit, while showing high specificity and selectivity. The easy coupling of light to resonant modes of the photonic crystal offers promise to miniaturization.
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Intracellular protein targets of opioid drugs | Poster Board #2428 (Hall F2 (McCormick Place Convention Center)) - Aug 9, 2022 - Abstract #ACSFall2022ACS_Fall_2863; To directly investigate the cellular targets of exogenous opioids, we developed three probes with specific chemical functionalization to enable the unbiased detection and visualization of these protein interactions; herein, photo-click-morphine (PCM), enone-morphine (EnM), and di-alkynyl-acetyl-morphine (DAAM)...The effect of exogenous opioid binding and acetylation of PiC on mitochondrial function in neuronal and cardiac cells will be presented. These findings provide novel targets that may have a relationship to the side effects of opioid drugs while expanding the chemical toolbox for studying the mechanisms of these molecules.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., ketamine / Generic mfg.
Enrollment open, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: KLOE: Ketamine Low dOse Evaluation on Morphine Consumption in Traumatic Patient (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 9, 2022 P4, N=140, Recruiting, These findings provide novel targets that may have a relationship to the side effects of opioid drugs while expanding the chemical toolbox for studying the mechanisms of these molecules. Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Aug 2023 --> Aug 2024 | Trial primary completion date: May 2023 --> May 2024
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Review, Journal: Role of brain Β-endorphin in memory modulation revisited. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 6, 2022 Along with pharmacologic evidence of the effects of morphine and naloxone administered immediately after training in avoidance tasks and with the demonstration of medial-basal hypothalamus β-endorphin release after novelty detection, it was hypothesized that an endogenous opioid state present in the labile period of consolidation will be part of the memory of the newly acquired information...In this review some of the original papers in the subject are revisited. Recent studies on the memory beneficial effects of novelty, both in animal models and in humans, indicate this is line of investigation is worth of pursuing and demonstrate the importance of the seminal work of Ivan Izquierdo in the field of memory modulation.
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Retrospective data, Journal: Race and Outcomes in Patients with Congenital Cardiac Disease in an Enhanced Recovery Program. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 6, 2022 Racial disparity in perioperative management and outcomes in patients with standardized ERAS protocols does not exist at the authors' institution. Future comparative studies of ERAS noncardiac patients may provide additional information on the role of standardization in reducing implicit bias.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., ketamine / Generic mfg., paracetamol / Generic mfg.
Journal: Frequencies, Modalities, Doses and Duration of Computerized Prescriptions for Sedative, Analgesic, Anesthetic and Paralytic Drugs in Neonates Requiring Intensive Care: A Prospective Pharmacoepidemiologic Cohort Study in 30 French NICUs From 2014 to 2020. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 5, 2022 Among 65,555 neonates, 29,340 (44.8%) were prescribed at least one analgesic (acetaminophen in 37.2% and opioids in 17.8%), sedative (9.8%), anesthetic (8.5%), and/or paralytic agent (1%)...The most frequently prescribed agents were sufentanil (in 10.3% of neonates) and morphine (in 8.0% of neonates) for opioids, midazolam (9.3%) for sedatives, ketamine (5.7%) and propofol (3.3%) for anesthetics...Lower gestational age was associated with higher frequencies, longer durations and higher cumulative doses of these prescriptions. Dose-finding studies to determine individualized dosing regimens and studies on long-term neurodevelopmental outcome according to received cumulative doses are required.
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Trial completion date: Comparison Between Pericapsular Nerve Group Block (PENG) and Morphine Infusion (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 5, 2022 P=N/A, N=60, Active, not recruiting, Increased drowsiness was noted in the subsequent 24 to 48 hours once the epidural catheter was removed, and opioid consumption also increased. Trial completion date: Nov 2022 --> Sep 2022
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Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date, Surgery: LUMBES: Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block for Back Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) - Aug 5, 2022 P3, N=80, Recruiting, Trial completion date: Nov 2022 --> Sep 2022 Trial completion date: Dec 2021 --> Dec 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2021 --> Dec 2023
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Distribution of delta and mu opioid receptor mRNA in rodent dorsal root ganglia neurons. (Pubmed Central) - Aug 5, 2022 We further found that neither morphine nor inflammation affected the distribution of the receptors. Because of their location, our results confirm that MOP and DOP have the potential to alleviate similar types of pain and that this effect could slightly differ between species.
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