- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
Journal: Distribution of morphine and methadone to the brain in a developmental chicken embryo model. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 6, 2023
The present study is the first to report the brain distribution of morphine, which can be described by standard pharmacokinetic processes, and methadone in the developing chicken embryo. The present findings supplement the already established model and support the use of this chicken model to study NAS.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Mitragynine inhibits hippocampus neuroplasticity and its molecular mechanism. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 5, 2023
Additionally, we believe that the clinical use of prazosin in hypertensive patients with morphine abuse may be a potential risk because of its reinforcing effect on addiction. Findings from this work reveal that a smaller dose of MIT (1
- |||||||||| Journal: Evaluation and management of chronic cough in adults. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 5, 2023
For the evaluation and management of patients with CC, clinicians should use an algorithmic approach and identify "red flags," reduce high-risk factors, and use empiric treatment for the five top diagnoses before extensive diagnostic testing. Current treatment for refractory cough is limited to symptomatic management.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Reimbursement, US reimbursement, Journal, Medicaid, Surgery: Opioid Utilization After Cardiac Surgery in the Pediatric Medicaid-insured Population. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 5, 2023
There were significant variations in opioid prescribing after cardiac surgery by race, ethnicity, sex, and region. National guidelines for outpatient use of opioids in children after cardiac surgery may help limit practice variation and reduce potential harms in outpatient opioid usage.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Hydrocodone, oxycodone, and morphine metabolism and drug-drug interactions. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 3, 2023
Based upon the current literature, further care is needed to fully investigate and describe the DDI potential with opioids in pain and related disease settings to improve clinical outcomes for patients. Significance Statement A review of the literature focusing on drug-drug interactions involving opioids is important because they can be toxic and potentially lethal, occurring through pharmacodynamic interactions as well as pharmacokinetic interactions occurring through inhibition or induction of drug metabolism.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Liposomal versus plain bupivacaine for pain control following vaginal reconstruction. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 3, 2023
LB is not superior to plain bupivacaine for controlling pain following vaginal reconstructive surgery, and justification for the exponentially greater cost of LB is not supported. Prospective investigations with larger sample sizes are needed to determine the optimal pain management for levatorplasty in vaginal reconstructive surgery.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal, Patient reported outcomes: Changes in Surgical Opioid Prescribing and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Implementation of an Insurer Opioid Prescribing Limit. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 3, 2023
Among patients with a discharge opioid prescription and a dispensed opioid prescription (prescription filled within 3 days of discharge), additional outcomes included total morphine milligram equivalents in these prescriptions, a standardized measure of opioid volume...This cross-sectional analysis of data from adults undergoing general surgical procedures found that implementation of an insurer's limit was associated with modest reductions in opioid prescribing but not with worsened patient-reported outcomes. Whether these findings generalize to other procedures warrants further study.
- |||||||||| Journal: Shift in hospital opioid use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a time-series analysis of one million prescriptions. (Pubmed Central) - Nov 3, 2023
It was significantly lower for parenteral morphine parenteral sufentanil, and parenteral tramadol...The number of patients in 2020 was lower but the mean consumption was higher for fentanyl, parenteral methadone, and remifentanil...There was a relevant increase in hospital consumption of some potent opioids during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. These results reinforce the concern about epidemiological surveillance of opioid use after periods of increased hospital use since in-hospital consumption can be the gateway to the misuse or other than the prescribed use of opioids after discharge.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., alprazolam / Generic mfg.
Alprazolam (Xanax) exposure during adolescence exacerbates spontaneous morphine withdrawal (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_13520;
, jumping, chewing/licking, paw tremors, headshakes) when compared to the VEH-MOR-treated controls. Overall, our findings have critical implications for the perpetuation of SUD's during adolescence as potentiated withdrawal symptoms can drive the continuation of drug use.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., amphetamine / Generic mfg.
Age difference in response to psychostimulant-opioid combination in rats (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_13504;
Such age-specific responses to psychostimulant-opioid combination provide further evidence that the dopamine and/or opioid systems change with aging and also suggest that the age difference may reflect a change in the opioid system. As the population ages, identifying aging-related changes and unique drug vulnerabilities in older individuals will be important for developing differential treatments.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Effect of (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_13478;
At least 2 days following the final extinction session, mice were tested on a hotplate to assess morphine-induced analgesia...These results replicate previous sex differences in extinction of fear and, further, iimply that MORs, possibly those expressed on ITC neurons, contribute to context fear memory extinction. Since the MOR knockout was not selective for ITC neurons, future experiments are needed to determine whether the critical MOR contribution to context fear memory extinction occurs in these ITC neurons.
- |||||||||| naloxone injection / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Selective genetic deletion of Oprm1 in FoxP2-expressing neurons reduces aversion-resistant reward seeking (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_13477;
Results from this study will determine whether deletion of Oprm1 on FoxP2 neurons alters general sensitivity to aversion. Together, these results suggest that MOR expression on FoxP2-expressing neurons is not necessary for alcohol consumption or expression of opioid withdrawal but may be involved in aversion-resistant reward seeking.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Using a novel pain scale to assess morphine-derived antinociception in young and aged rats (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_13154;
Taken together, these results indicate that our novel high-speed videography-based pain scale reliably discriminates sensory reflexes elicited by innocuous stimuli to the paw from those produced by painful pin pricks in young and aged rats. These studies lay the foundation to further probe the mechanisms underlying age-related changes in pain perception, opioid signaling and antinociception in preclinical models of acute and chronic pain.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Development and evaluation of a behavioral assay for nociception using zebrafish larvae (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_13151;
Interestingly, mu-opioid agonists (e. g. , morphine) showed no activity in our assay, which may suggest that the opioid system is not yet fully functional at this developmental stage. These results indicate that this behavioral assay provides a robust measure of nociceptive activity and has substantial promise for drug discovery efforts, with the caveat that some leads may exhibit species-specific differences in potency.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
A new approach to preclinical pain assessment and analgesic screening - 'Optical von-Frey' for the determination of nociceptive threshold and response (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_12512;
Using a simplified up/down approach, adapted from von-Frey testing methods, nociceptive thresholds were assessed at baseline and following subcutaneous administration of the established analgesic morphine...Overall, these studies established a novel system for selective optogenetic activation of nociceptors, allowing characterization of behavioural responses to a pure nociceptive input. Thus, this offers an alternative assessment of nociceptive threshold and makes for a useful addition to the preclinical nociceptive and analgesic assessment toolkit.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Dose-dependent increase in VTA dopamine neural activity by acute morphine administration (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_12215;
These experiments demonstrate with high temporal precision the dynamic changes exhibited by VTA dopamine neurons in response to escalating doses of morphine. Future studies will seek to elucidate shifts in response to chronic morphine administration and subsequent withdrawal which may help define neural processes underlying both the rewarding effects of opioid use with emphasis on negative affective aspects of withdrawal.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Fentanyl and morphine cross-sensitization in adult and adolescent rats (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_12212;
Regardless of pretreatment conditions, adult female rats exhibited more activity than male rats on the test day. Our results suggest that despite the activity suppressing effects of fentanyl, repeated exposure leads to behavioral sensitization, consistent with its high rate of abuse.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Mu opioid receptors on D2 medium spiny neurons have divergent effects on cocaine and opiate behaviors (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_12172;
These findings suggest a divergent role for MORs expressed in D2-MSNs in mediating cocaine and opiate reward and further suggest these MORs facilitate conditioned cocaine reward. We suspect this occurs through cocaine-enhanced enkephalin, which acts on MORs to suppress D2-MSNs and facilitate cocaine reward.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Sex differences in morphine effects on expression of thermogenic and immune genes in brown adipose tissue. (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_12149;
Taken together, these data suggest that both acute and repeated administration of morphine initiate expression of thermogenic genes and immune genes in BAT differentially between males and females. Future studies aim to explore the neural substrates that mediate these sex differences in BAT activity and thermoregulation through opioid receptors.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
The role of TRPM8 in opioid and endocannabinoid analgesia (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_11792;
In the Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) mouse pain model, intraperitoneal injection of morphine (10 mg/kg) produces analgesic effects...Inhibiting TRPM8 or TRPM8 gene knockout enhances the analgesic effects of WIN 55,212-22. TRPM8 plays an important role in the opioid and endocannabinoid analgesia.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Development of agmatine-based NMDAr antagonists for the treatment of post-operative pain (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_11784;
Contralateral hindpaws did not display altered thresholds, indicating a lack of a motoric effect. Additionally, open field analysis did not show any alteration from vehicle control in ambulatory distance, ambulatory time, or duration in the inner zone of the apparatus in the injured subjects.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Identification and Localization of GPR63 and GPR153 as Novel Modulators of Opioid-Induced Antinociception in Chronic Pain (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_11776;
2 mg/kg morphine subcutaneously (SC)...To further investigate this finding, we performed RNAScope in situ hybridization to colocalize RNA transcripts of mouse Gpr63 and Gpr153 with markers for nociceptive neurons, microglia, or astrocytes, all of which are known to contribute to the development of chronic pain. Together this work identifies completely novel pain modulators which could be exploited to develop new pain therapies.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Development of GPR139 antagonist probes (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_11769;
In vivo studies showed that GPR139 knockout (KO) mice were more sensitive to the effects of morphine than wild-type mice and required a lower dose of morphine to effectively reduce pain response...In vitro ADME analysis of selected compounds is also presented. This work provides critical structure activity relationship (SAR) information to guide further lead optimization, which will expedite the drug discovery research targeting GPR139.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
Opioids induce cortico-subcortical dysconnection correlating analgesia development in the awake mouse brain (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_11741;
All the investigated drugs lead to a general opioid-specific dysconnectivity fingerprint: hippocampal and thalamic regions decrease connection to the somatosensory cortex and increase sub-cortical connections, while bilateral connectivity in the somatosensory cortex and hippocampus is preserved. Our results both suggest the delayed reorganization of inter-regional connectivity as an important brain effect of opioids and validate a new approach in the development of neuropsychiatric drugs, with the potential of identifying compounds with improved pharmacological profiles.
- |||||||||| naloxone injection / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Gating of opioid withdrawal aversion by a unique class of neurons in the nucleus accumbens (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_10829;
Ongoing studies are examining the discrete mechanism by which Tshz1 neurons modulate DA release in the NAc, whether Tshz1 neuron activity mediates withdrawal-induced decreases in DA, and the role of MOR in Tshz1 neurons in these effects. Together, our data demonstrate a unique population of NAc neurons that mediate the aversive nature of acute opioid withdrawal through strong modulation of mesolimbic DA release.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
The inhibitory effects of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 on alcohol-induced addictive-like behaviors in rodents (WCC Halls A-C) - Nov 3, 2023 - Abstract #Neuroscience2023NEUROSCIENCE_10775;
In previous studies, ginsenosides, major components of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), alleviate alcohol-induced hyperactivity and cognitive impairment and inhibit morphine-induced hyperactivity and reinforcement in mice...We identified the inhibitory effects of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 on alcohol-induced reinforcement, motivational dependence, and reward. Our finding reflects that ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 are responsible for therapeutic effect of KRG, and they have therapeutic potential as a treatment for preventing alcohol-induced psychological dependence and reinforcement.
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