- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Patterns of Narcotic Utilization in Women Undergoing Hysterectomy for Benign Indications. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 23, 2021
Intraoperative narcotic utilization was correlated with immediate postoperative narcotic consumption. Heightened awareness of opioid administration practices during and immediately following surgery is critically important to decreasing risk of chronic opioid dependence and providing the best possible care for the patients we serve.
- |||||||||| Seizalam (midazolam intramuscular) / Pfizer
Clinical, Journal: Echocardiographic assessment of healthy midazolam/butorphanol- or midazolam/morphine-sedated dogs. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 23, 2021
The A and E' waves were decreased in G at T compared to T. Isovolumic relaxation time, Ae/Ao ratio, aortic and pulmonary flows and S' wave did not differ among time points and groups. These sedation protocols did not cause clinically relevant changes in echocardiographic variables, therefore can be used for sedation of uncooperative dogs during echocardiographic evaluation.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: PROPOFOL AT SINGLE BOLUS AND CONTINUOUS RATE INFUSION SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASES SERUM TRIGLYCERIDES, BUT NOT CHOLESTEROL, IN HEALTHY BITCHES UNDERGOING ELECTIVE OVARIOHYSTERECTOMY. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 23, 2021
10 healthy bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy had blood samples obtained at baseline (T), 15 minutes following premedication with acepromazine and morphine (T), after an intravenous bolus of propofol (induction to anesthesia, T) and following 90 minutes of CRI of propofol started at 0.4 mg kg min and adjusted according to individual requirements (T)...Serum cholesterol levels significantly decreased at T and T (median [min-max] 201 mg dL [111-234 mg dL], and 215 mg dL [111-239 mg dL]), respectively, compared with T (232 [128-245 mg dL]) and T (206 [115-255 mg dL]). No differences were found between T and T. Triglyceride levels increased significantly at T (120 [67-231 mg dL]) and T (229 [73-549 mg dL]) compared with T (36 [51-29 mg dL]), and T compared with T. In conclusion, 1% propofol lipid emulsion significantly increases serum triglycerides and causes lipemia in healthy dogs at a single bolus or CRI.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., hydromorphone hydrochloride / Generic mfg., tramadol hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Biomarker, Clinical, Journal: Impact of CYP2D6 Pharmacogenomic Status on Pain Control Among Opioid Treated Oncology Patients. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 23, 2021
This may reflect inadequate initial analgesia with the common "first-line" CYP2D6-metabolized opioids. Preemptive genotyping to guide opioid prescribing during cancer care may improve pain-related patient outcomes.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Functional Studies of Plant Latex as a Rich Source of Bioactive Compounds: Focus on Proteins and Alkaloids. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 23, 2021
It consists of a broad spectrum of active compounds, which are beneficial not only for plants, but for human health as well, enough to mention the use of morphine or codeine from poppy latex...We further attempt to present latex chemicals used so far in medicine and then focus on functional studies of proteins and other compounds with potential pharmacological activities using modern techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Despite the centuries-old tradition of using latex-bearing plants in therapies, there are still a lot of promising molecules waiting to be explored.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Opioid Treatment for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS): Current Challenges and Future Approaches. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 22, 2021
This review discusses the utility of pharmacometric techniques for enhancing precision dosing in infants requiring opioid treatment for NOWS. Applying these approaches may contribute to optimizing the outcome by reducing cumulative drug exposure, mitigating adverse drug effects and reducing the burden of NOWS in neonates.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: The meaning of comfort measures only order sets for hospital-based palliative care providers. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 22, 2021
The themes are: comfort care as morphine drip; enacting a traditional binary pattern of care: all or nothing; supporting patient and family at end of life vs. CMO; and evolving culture-a better way to care for the dying. Palliative care providers and non-palliative clinicians understood and practiced end of life care in sharply different ways with dying in hospital settings, raising new questions that analyse, modify and extend extant knowledge.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Comparison of Opioid Consumption Patterns of Three Interbody Fusion Surgical Techniques. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
Patients who underwent CS instrumentation required less opioids postoperatively. CS instrumentation may be associated with less postoperative pain due to the less invasive approach, however, patient education and prescriber practice also play a role in postoperative opioid consumption.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Opioid Prescribing and Utilization Following Isolated Mid-Urethral Sling. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
Patients undergoing isolated MUS placement require limited amounts of postoperative opioids, if any are needed at all, to achieve satisfactory pain control. Excess prescribed opioids, along with inadequate patient education on proper disposal techniques, may contribute towards opioids that are at risk of diversion for nonmedical use.
- |||||||||| paclitaxel / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Review, Journal: Perspective on Improving the Relevance, Rigor, and Reproducibility of Botanical Clinical Trials: Lessons Learned From Turmeric Trials. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
Specific challenges are thus readily apparent both for consumers comparing available products for purchase, as well as for commercially sponsored vs. independent researchers planning clinical trials to evaluate medicinal effects of botanicals. Turmeric dietary supplements, a top selling botanical in the United States and focus of over 400 clinical trials to date, will be used throughout to illustrate both the promise and pitfalls associated with the clinical evaluation of botanicals.
- |||||||||| Instanyl (fentanyl) / Takeda
Clinical, Journal: Evidence-Based Guidelines for Prehospital Pain Management: Recommendations. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
The panel made a strong recommendation for the use of intranasal fentanyl over intravenous (IV) opioids for pediatric patients without intravenous access given the supporting evidence, its effectiveness, ease of administration, and acceptance by patients and providers...The panel made conditional recommendations for the use of either IV ketamine or IV opioids; for either IV NSAIDs or IV opioids; for either IV fentanyl or IV morphine; and for either IV ketamine or IV NSAIDs...Given the lack of a supporting evidence base, the panel was unable to make recommendations for the use of nitrous oxide versus IV opioids, or for IV ketamine in combination with IV opioids versus IV ketamine alone. Taken together, the recommendations emphasize that EMS medical directors and EMS clinicians have a variety of effective options for the management of moderate to severe pain in addition to opioids when designing patient care guidelines and caring for patients suffering from acute pain.
- |||||||||| tramadol hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Chronic Exposure to Tramadol Induces Neurodegeneration in the Cerebellum of Adult Male Rats. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
We also identified several signaling cascades chiefly related to neurodegenerative disease and energy metabolism that considerably deregulated in the cerebellum of tramadol-treated rats. Overall, the outcomes of this study suggest that tramadol administration has a neurodegeneration effect on the cerebellar cortex via several pathways consisting of microgliosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, and neuroinflammatoin.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Grappling with Morphine: A Local History of Painkiller Use in Kerala, India. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
I turn to the state of Kerala to explore instances in which these legal inflections live within the contemporary guidelines for palliative care, and thus constantly affect the supply and delivery of care. This also ties in with the much longer history of opium control for the growth of the global pharmaceutical industry, within which India has been uniquely placed.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Observational data, Retrospective data, Journal: Substitution of Nonpharmacologic Therapy With Opioid Prescribing for Pain During the COVID-19 Pandemic. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
Patients with pain were more likely to receive opioids (mean difference, 3.5%; 95% CI, 3.3%-3.7%) and less likely to receive nonpharmacologic therapy (mean difference, -6.0%; 95% CI, -6.3% to -5.8%), and opioid prescriptions were longer and more potent during the early pandemic in 2020 relative to 2019 (mean difference, 1.07 days; 95% CI, 1.02-1.17 days; mean difference, 0.96 morphine milligram equivalents; 95% CI, 0.76-1.20)...The decrease in nonpharmacologic therapy and increase in opioid prescription during the COVID-19 pandemic found in this cross-sectional study, especially given longer days of prescription and more potent doses, may exacerbate the US opioid epidemic. These findings suggest that it is imperative to investigate the implications of limited medical access on treatment substitution, which may increase patient risk, and implement policies and guidelines to prevent those substitutions.
- |||||||||| baclofen / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Review, Journal, Monotherapy: Intrathecal Baclofen Monotherapy and Polyanalgesia for Treating Chronic Pain in Patients with Severe Spasticity. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 21, 2021
While opioids, anesthetics, and ziconotide are the most commonly used agents, intrathecal baclofen (ITB), which is indicated to treat spasticity, is also thought to have some analgesic properties that are poorly understood...Although this evidence was largely derived from studies lacking clearly defined outcomes of pain relief, ITB is reasonable to consider for concurrent spasticity and pain management. Well-designed studies are still needed to characterize ITB's analgesic efficacy when used in patients with severe spasticity.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Does morphine exacerbate complement dependent synaptic pruning to modify social development? (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_8672;
Early data suggests that morphine modifies social behavior during the NAc complementdependent synaptic pruning period in a sex-specific manner. This suggests that the NAc complement dependent synaptic pruning period is a criticalperiod for social behavior development.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Post-operative morphine decreases hippocampal synaptic proteins of aged animals during memory consolidation. (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_8270;
Vehicle-treated animals demonstrated robust increases in levels of synaptic proteins while morphine-treated animals exhibited profound decreases compared to those at baseline. These data suggest that the combination of aging, surgery, and morphine disrupts the proper abundance and coordination of synaptic proteins necessary for the formation of memory in the hippocampus.; Grant Support: AG028271
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Evaluation of morphine withdrawal-induced anhedonia in male and female rats (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7547;
These findings establish a protocol for evaluating individual differences in the early stages, and escalating severity, of the anhedonic component of opioid withdrawal in both sexes. Integration of these behavioral data with NGS outcomes promises to yield novel molecular targets underlying individual differences in vulnerability to opioid addiction.; Grant Support: Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute Career Development Award; NIH / NIDA Grant U01 DA051993
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
µ-opioid receptor signaling bias alters opioid-induced dopamine release in the mesolimbic circuit (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7544;
Our data show differences in morphine-induced dopamine release between the two genotypes indicating that signaling bias produces circuit-level effects that are measurable downstream of the VTA. We further explore this hypothesis with methadone, a clinically important MOR agonist that recruits arrestin-3, to further implicate signaling bias at the MOR as a key presynaptic modulator of striatal dopamine release.; Grant Support: T32 MH112507; R01DA019958; F31DA051116
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Subtype specific changes in the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of mouse hypocretin/orexin (H/O) neurons following exposure to chronic morphine (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7543;
In summary, our data indicate that in addition to inducing structural plasticity in H/O neurons, chronic morphine induces an intrinsic plasticity of H-type neurons which decreases their excitability. This implies that H- and D-type H/O neurons differentially participate in brain reward pathways and addiction, and raises the possibility that selective impairment of information outflow from H-cells may contribute to the hypodopaminergic state associated with chronic opiate use.; Grant Support: DA034748; NS027881
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Chronic morphine increases expression of the neuropeptide NMS in ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7542;
We are now assessing whether activation of VTA-NMS neurons alters morphine-elicited behaviors (conditioned place preference, locomotor sensitization). Together, these studies are expected to set the stage for future work investigating the role of specific VTA-DA NMS circuits, their activity during behavior, and their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention.; Grant Support: McManus Foundation; NIDA R01 DA039895; NSF DGE-1848739
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Strain comparisons to activation of CB2 receptors as a prevention for morphine induced respiratory depression (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7502;
Together, these studies are expected to set the stage for future work investigating the role of specific VTA-DA NMS circuits, their activity during behavior, and their potential as targets for therapeutic intervention.; Grant Support: McManus Foundation; NIDA R01 DA039895; NSF DGE-1848739 Building on past literature, findings suggest prevention of OIRD via CB2R activation is maintained across strains, supporting CB2R agonism as a possible harm reduction method in opioid therapy.; Grant Support: NIH grant 1P01DA041307-01; NIH grant R01CA142115-02
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Reprogramming ZFP189 transcription factor function within the nucleus accumbens regulates drug specific behaviors and transcription (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7482;
Microdissecting virally manipulated NAc and performing RNA sequencing revealed striking differences in the ability of ZFP189 VPR to regulate endogenous gene expression, with cocaine treated animals possessing far more differentially regulated genes (DEGs) than similarly manipulated morphine treated mice. These results suggest a drug-specific role for the function of ZFP189 in driving brain transcriptional and behavioral responses to cocaine, but not morphine.; Grant Support: NIDA Grant R00DA045795; NIDA Grant P30DA033934; NIH-NCI Grant P30 CA016059
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
A novel µ-opioid receptor transgenic Cre rat: cellular and behavioral characterization (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7393;
Insertion of Cre under the Oprm1 gene promoter did not alter palatable food self-administration, morphine-induced analgesia, or morphine tolerance. We introduce a transgenic rat that can be used to gain new insight on the role of µ-opioid receptors-expressing neurons in opioid reward, analgesia, and other behaviors.; Grant Support: HDRF; ONR 00014-19-1-2149; NIDA U01DA043098; NIDA IRP
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Chronic Opioid Administration Potentiates Striatopallidal and Striatonigral GABAergic Transmission (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7391;
We also discovered that intravenous self-administration (IVSA) of fentanyl enhanced IPSCs from dSPNs to dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), suppressing dopaminergic activity. Together, these data suggest that chronic opioid use strengthes GABAergic projections from MOR+ dSPNs to both GPh neurons and SNc dopamine neurons, suppressing their activity; such suppression may contribute to the negative emotional states in opioid use disorder.; Grant Support: NIAAA R01AA027768 (J.W.); U01AA025932 (J.W.)
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Comparison of Central Mu-Opioid Receptor Activity Following Oral Administration of Mitragynine, 7-Hydroxymitragyine, and Mitragynine Pseudoindoxyl (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7265;
I n vitro displacement of [ 3 H]DAMGO at human MOR yielded the rank order affinity (Ki in nM) of MG-P (1.5) > morphine (4.0) > 7-OH-MG (78) > MG (709)...These results suggest that MG and its metabolites tested are MOR agonists in vivo , with the intrinsic activity and potency of 7-OH-MG being greater than both MG and MG-P. Despite MG-P exhibiting the highest MOR binding affinity and intrinsic activity in vitro among the compounds tested, these results suggest that MG-P has relatively low bioavailability as compared with MG and 7-OH-MG, and that 7-OH-MG is the most orally bioactive MOR agonist of the compounds tested.; Grant Support: UG3 DA048353 01; R01 DA047855 01
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Molecular Signatures of Drug Induced Neurotoxicity in Human Brain Models (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7256;
This is the first study integrating dysregulation of angiogenic gene networks in OUD with qualitative imaging evidence of hypervascularization in postmortem brain. Future studies include exploring and validating these cell-specific gene expression signatures using single nuclei RNA sequencing of postmortem brain and investigating gene expression in an in vitro neuron model of morphine exposure derived from postmortem human fibroblasts.; Grant Support: NIH Grant R01DA044859; NIH Grant R01LM012806
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Rescue and prolonged protection from fentanyl overdose with novel bioorthogonal covalent mu opioid receptor antagonists (Virtual Only) - Dec 20, 2021 - Abstract #Neuroscience2021Neuroscience_7251;
Moreover, acute administration of TJ-171 to mice 21 minutes after exposure to fentanyl dose-dependently and swiftly reversed MOR agonist-induced respiratory depression and hyperlocomotion, maintaining that protection against additional doses of fentanyl 12 hours later. These results validate the development of selective bio-orthogonal covalent MOR antagonists against fentanyl overdose.
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