- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Review, Journal: Experimental considerations for the assessment of in vivo and in vitro opioid pharmacology. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
Morphine and other mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists remain the mainstay treatment of acute and prolonged pain states worldwide...We highlight the influence of distinct variables in the experimental protocols, as well as the potential implications for differences in receptor reserve in each system. Finally, we discuss how methods to assess opioid action in vivo and in vitro relate to each other in the context of bridging the translational gap in opioid drug discovery.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Caregiver drug use in Ontario child welfare investigations: The need for coordinated intervention. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
Prospective investigations designed in a collaborative, multi-institutional fashion, including a variety of pediatric populations are needed to further investigate the efficacy of lidocaine infusions. A coordinated response involving the child welfare, addictions treatment, and other allied systems is warranted to support families with substance abuse concerns and provide appropriate services.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Anterior suprascapular nerve block versus interscalene brachial plexus block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
ISB displayed a statistically significant reduction in pain scores by 0.40 (95%CI = 0.36 to 0.45; p < 0.00001) but not morphine equivalent consumption (mean difference = 0.74 mg; 95%CI = - 0.18 to 1.66 mg; I = 60%; p = 0.11; moderate certainty) immediately in the postoperative care unit...ASSB demonstrated a significantly lower incidence of Horner's syndrome (relative risk (RR) = 0.17; 95%CI = 0.08 to 0.39; p < 0.00001; high certainty), voice hoarseness (RR = 0.24; 95%CI = 0.10 to 0.57; p < 0.00001; high certainty) and impaired respiratory function (p < 0.00001). The ASSB could be considered an appropriate analgesic option for arthroscopic shoulder surgery with potentially fewer complications than the ISB.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Caudal catheter placement for repeated epidural morphine doses after neonatal upper abdominal surgery. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
Although continuous thoracic epidural analgesia is highly effective and opioid-sparing, its associated risks and the need for staff with specialised skills and/or neonatal intensive care unit staff buy-in may preclude this option even in many academic centres. We present the case of a six-day-old infant who underwent upper abdominal surgery and received intermittent morphine doses via a tunnelled caudal epidural catheter, which provided satisfactory analgesia and facilitated early extubation.
- |||||||||| tramadol hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Tramadol Use in Perioperative Care and Current Controversies. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
Potential side effects of tramadol include nausea, vomiting, constipation, pruritus, and respiratory depression; however, the severity of these symptoms is minimal compared to traditional opioids. Although some of the perioperative uses of tramadol may be rare, it is a pain management option to consider when alternatives have proved ineffective.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: 'Opioid', opioids, pain, language and communication. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
These changes follow four chronological phases in attitudes to pain and its treatment: traditional medical approaches to pain; pain being recognised as an under-treated 'fifth vital sign'; the pharmacological and medical promotion of opioid use for treating pain, especially chronic pain; and the current reaction where opioid has become a pejorative and emotive term, closely connected to words like epidemic and addiction. We investigate whether and how a less charged and more balanced discourse might be possible.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Opioids use after uro-oncologic surgeries in time of opioid crisis. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 19, 2022
We found 60% of opioids prescribed were unused, with half of our patients keeping these unused tablets at home. Our results suggest appropriate opioid prescription amounts needed for urological cancer surgery, with 80% of the patients using 50 MEq or less of morphine equivalents.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., dexmedetomidine / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Management of comfort and sedation in neonates with neonatal encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2022
Dexmedetomidine, as an alternative to morphine, has several appealing characteristics, including neuroprotective effects in animal models; robust pharmacokinetic studies in neonates with NE treated with TH are required to ensure a safe and effective standard dosing approach. Future studies in neonates treated with TH must address comfort, adverse events, and long-term outcomes in the context of specific sedation practices.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: The Interaction between Sexual Reward/ Deprivation and the Acquisition, Extinction and Reinstatement of Morphine-Seeking Behavior. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2022
Together, these data showed the interaction between sex and drug reward and that sexual behavior -a natural rewarding stimulus- can prolong, whereas sex deprivation can block the maintenance of morphine-seeking behaviors. Sexual experience may induce functional and morphological alterations in brain reward areas particularly the mesolimbic system similar to repeated exposure to abused drugs which can affect morphine-seeking behaviors.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Pain Management in Patients with Severe Pemphigus Vulgaris. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2022
The median Morphine Equivalent Daily Dose was 200 mg (range: 90-518 mg)...Biological, psychological, and social factors influence patients' daily opioid requirements and dose escalation. Successful pain management contributes to improving the quality of life, and the suppression and remission of PV.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., naltrexone / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Design, Synthesis, and In Vivo Evaluation of C1-Linked 4,5-Epoxymorphinan Haptens for Heroin Vaccines. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2022
None of the TT-hapten conjugates induced antibodies that cross-reacted with morphine, methadone, naloxone, or naltrexone, and only TT-3 interacted weakly with buprenorphine, and that subtle structural difference, especially at the C6 position, can vastly alter the specificity of the induced antibodies. This study is an important contribution in the field of vaccine development against small-molecule targets, providing proof that the chirality at C6 in these epoxymorphinans is a vital key to their effectiveness.
- |||||||||| amphetamine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Impact of Quantisal Oral Fluid Collection Device on Drug Stability. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2022
We confirm the cross-talk by showing that the percentage change in the profile of average cocaine-benzoylecgonine measurement is within the acceptance concentration range of ±20%. This finding highlights the importance of precaution during storage and careful considerations during subsequent interpretation of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) measurements.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Morphine Exacerbates Experimental Colitis-Induced Depression of Nesting in Mice. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2022
These data suggest that opioid analgesics but not NSAIDS worsen colonic inflammation-induced behavioral depression. Furthermore, these findings highlight the importance of evaluating analgesic effects in models of colonic inflammation induced depression of behavior.
- |||||||||| dexmedetomidine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Dexmedetomidine Use in Infants Undergoing Cooling Due to Neonatal Encephalopathy (DICE Trial): A Randomized Controlled Trial: Background, Aims and Study Protocol. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 18, 2022
There is increasing evidence that dexmedetomidine has neuroprotective properties in several preclinical studies of injury models including ischemia-reperfusion, inflammation, and traumatic brain injury as well as adult clinical trials of brain trauma. The Dexmedetomidine Use in Infants undergoing Cooling due to Neonatal Encephalopathy (DICE) trial will evaluate whether administration of dexmedetomidine vs. morphine is safe, establish dexmedetomidine optimal dosing by collecting opportunistic PK data, and obtain preliminary neurodevelopmental data to inform a large Phase III efficacy trial with long term neurodevelopment impairment as the primary outcome.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Sodium chloride injection to treat opioid overdose; does it work? A preclinical study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 17, 2022
Our results show that HSS: a) sensitizes animals to thermal but not mechanical stimuli; b) does not prevent mortality caused by high morphine or fentanyl doses; c) decreases the latency to recovery from the sedative effects caused by low doses of morphine or fentanyl; and d) increases naloxone's efficacy to prevent the lethality produced by Mor or Fen, but not by Mor + Fen. These results suggest that HSS is marginally effective in shortening the recovery time from nonfatal opioid ODs and increases naloxone's efficacy to counteract opioid-induced ODs.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: A New Method to Study Learning and Memory Using Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in an Open-field Arena. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 17, 2022
The progressive change in the central/peripheral activity ratio with repeated testing can be determined independent of total activity and provides a habituation acquisition function that permits the measurement of neurobiological changes without the complication of effects related to changes in locomotor activity per se. The present report also presents evidence that this method can be used with post-trial drug treatment protocols to study the learning and memory effects of the post-trial treatments without the use of explicit rewards and punishments.
- |||||||||| Nucynta (tapentadol) / Collegium Pharma, Grunenthal
Journal: Tapentadol shows lower intrinsic efficacy at µ receptor than morphine and oxycodone. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 17, 2022
We further assessed the signaling of tapentadol in the common µ receptor variants (N40D and A6V) which are associated with altered receptor signaling. We found no difference in the response of tapentadol between these receptor variants.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: The Opioid Risk Tool: Can This Validated Tool Predict Post-Operative Opioid Dependence Following Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair? (Pubmed Central) - Mar 17, 2022
Secondary outcomes included the total number of morphine milligram equivalents prescribed, total number of opioid prescriptions filled, and total number of opioid pills prescribed during this time interval...The ORT was not predictive of the risk of opioid dependence or quantity of opioids prescribed after ARCR. Attention should be focused on alternative means of identification and management of patients at risk for opioid dependence after orthopedic procedures, including those with a history of prior opioid use.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Retrospective data, Journal: Association between initial opioid prescription diagnosis type and subsequent chronic prescription opioid use in Rhode Island: a population-based cohort study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 16, 2022
There was significantly reduced opioid use in recovery when using intraperitoneal ropivacaine compared to placebo, in this randomised placebo-controlled trial on women undergoing day case diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. By focusing interventions and prescribing guidelines on specific types of diagnoses that carry a high risk of chronic prescription opioid use and diagnoses that would benefit equally or more from alternative management approaches, states and healthcare organisations may more efficiently decrease inappropriate opioid prescribing while improving the quality of patient care.
- |||||||||| lorazepam / Generic mfg.
Journal: Tracheostomy Is Associated With a Decrease in Delirium and Sedation for Intubated COVID-19 Patients. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 16, 2022
Therefore, the present method was a convenient, economic and sensitive approach for determining illegal drugs in urine samples both on site and in the laboratory. Tracheostomy was associated with a significant decrease amount of sedating medications and with a decrease in proportion of days delirious following tracheostomy.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date: Comparison of 0.1 and 0.05mg Intrathecal Morphine for Post-cesarean Analgesia. (clinicaltrials.gov) - Mar 16, 2022
P1, N=200, Recruiting,
Tracheostomy was associated with a significant decrease amount of sedating medications and with a decrease in proportion of days delirious following tracheostomy. Trial completion date: Feb 2022 --> Feb 2023 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2022 --> Feb 2023
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Alteration of twinfilin1 expression underlies opioid withdrawal-induced remodeling of actin cytoskeleton at synapses and formation of aversive memory. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 15, 2022
Here we show that conditioned morphine withdrawal (CMW)-induced synaptic structure and behavior plasticity depends on downregulation of Twf1 in the amygdala of rats...We further demonstrate that downregulation of Twf1 is due to upregulation of miR101a expression via a previously unrecognized mechanism involving CMW-induced increases in miR101a nuclear processing via phosphorylation of MeCP at Ser421. Our findings establish the importance of Twf1 in regulating opioid-induced synaptic and behavioral plasticity and demonstrate its value as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of opioid addiction.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Journal: Success Rate and Perioperative Complications of Lumbosacral Extradural Anaesthesia in Dogs Undergoing Total Hip Replacement: A Double-Centre Retrospective Study. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 15, 2022
Our findings establish the importance of Twf1 in regulating opioid-induced synaptic and behavioral plasticity and demonstrate its value as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of opioid addiction. While hypercapnia, hypotension and hypothermia might develop intraoperatively, the high success rate and the relatively low prevalence of postoperative surgical complications directly associated with lumbosacral extradural anaesthesia justify its use in dogs undergoing total hip replacement.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Journal: CRH inputs inhibit the positive ensembles to induce negative effect of opiate withdrawal. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 15, 2022
Pharmacologic intervention or CRISPR-mediated repression of CRHR1 in Mor-Ens weakened the inhibitory CRH inputs, and alleviated the negative effect during opiate withdrawal. These data suggest that neurons encoding opioid reward experience are inhibited by enhanced CRH inputs induced by chronic morphine exposure, leading to negative effect during opiate withdrawal, and provide new insight into the pathological changes in VTA plasticity after drug abuse and mechanism of opiate dependence.
- |||||||||| morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Melatonin attenuates morphine-induced conditioned place preference in Wistar rats. (Pubmed Central) - Mar 15, 2022
These data suggest that neurons encoding opioid reward experience are inhibited by enhanced CRH inputs induced by chronic morphine exposure, leading to negative effect during opiate withdrawal, and provide new insight into the pathological changes in VTA plasticity after drug abuse and mechanism of opiate dependence. These findings provide novel evidence for the role of the melatonergic system as a potential target in modulating morphine-seeking behavior.
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