morphine sulphate / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  Relistor (methylnaltrexone bromide) / Ono Pharma, Bausch Health
    Preclinical, Journal:  Antagonism of peripheral opioid receptors by methylnaltrexone does not prevent morphine tolerance in rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    MNTX penetrated to the spinal cord and the brain to some extent after repeated administration. The results do not support the use of MNTX for preventing opioid tolerance and also suggest that morphine tolerance is mediated by central rather than peripheral opioid receptors in the rat.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The CRF receptor mediates social behavior deficits induced by opiate withdrawal. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    Thus, wild-type (CRF +/+), CRF receptor heterozygous (CRF +/-), and null mutant (CRF -/-) female and male mice were treated with saline or escalating doses of morphine (20-100 mg/kg, i.p.) during six consecutive days and tested in the three-chamber task for sociability (i.e., preference for an unfamiliar same-sex conspecific vs. an object) 7 days after the last administration...Nevertheless, in opiate-withdrawn CRF +/+, but not CRF +/- and CRF -/-, male mice, sociability directly correlated with aggressive biting behavior, suggesting a role for the CRF receptor in hostility-linked social approach. These findings demonstrate the implication of the CRF receptor in social behavior deficits associated with repeated opiate administration and withdrawal, revealing a new potential target for the treatment of opioid use disorders.
  • ||||||||||  morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) / PAION
    Journal:  Deep proteomics and phosphoproteomics reveal novel biological pathways perturbed by morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide in human astrocytes. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    We unveil time- and dose-dependent effects induced by morphine and its major active metabolites morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide that converging on activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways. We also find that especially longer exposure to M3G leads to significant dysregulation of biological pathways linked to extracellular matrix organization, antigen presentation, cell adhesion, and glutamate homeostasis, which are crucial for neuron- and leukocyte-astrocyte interactions.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Disrupting the Interaction of nNOS with CAPON Prevents the Reinstatement of Morphine Conditioned Place Preference. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    Moreover, in the hippocampal selective ERK2 knock-out or nNOS knockout mice, the effect of Tat-CAPON-12C on the reinstatement of morphine CPP and hippocampal neuroplasticity disappeared, suggesting ERK2 is necessary for the effects of Tat-CAPON-12C. Together, our findings suggest that nNOS-CAPON interaction in the dHPC may affect the consolidation of morphine CPP extinction and dissociating nNOS-CAPON prevents the reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of morphine CPP, possibly through ERK2-mediated neuroplasticity and extinction memory consolidation, offering a new target to prevent the reinstatement of drug abuse.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Subanalgesic morphine doses augment fentanyl analgesia by interacting with delta opioid receptors in male rats. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    Together, these findings suggest that augmentation of fentanyl analgesia by subanalgesic morphine is mediated by increased G protein activation resulting from a synergistic interaction between or heterodimerization of MOPs and DOPs. This finding is of great therapeutic significance because it suggests a strategy for the development of DOP-selective ligands that can enhance the therapeutic index of clinically used MOP drugs.
  • ||||||||||  midazolam hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Same baby, different care: variations in practice between neonatologists and pediatric intensivists. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    Our study identified major differences in respiratory and hemodynamic care, sedation and analgesia, and vascular access between NICU and PICU physicians, resulting from field-specific consensus guidelines and practice traditions. We suggest to establish joint committees from both professions, aimed at finding the optimal treatment for this vulnerable population - be it in the NICU or in the PICU.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Stability of Cocaine, Opiates, and Metabolites in Dried Saliva Spots. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    The present study aims to evaluate the long-term stability of COC, ecgonine methylester (EME), benzoylecgonine (BEG), cocaethylene (COET), norcocaine (NCOC), morphine (MOR), codeine (COD) and 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) in oral fluid samples...COD was only stable for 1 day, EME was stable for 3 days, COC, COET, NCOC and 6-MAM were stable for 7 days, MOR for 14 days and BEG remained stable throughout the study (136 days). This is the first study that evaluates the stability of these compounds in oral fluid samples after application in DSS cards, and optimizes the conditions in order to improve their stability.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Enrollment closed, Trial completion date, Head-to-Head, Surgery:  CLoWI Versus PCA Morphine for Pain Control After Major Abdominal Surgery (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    P=N/A,  N=140, Active, not recruiting, 
    Quality improvement initiatives targeting these dentists may be warranted. Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2022
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Splanchnic nerve neurolysis via the transdiscal approach under fluoroscopic guidance: a retrospective study. (Pubmed Central) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    The numerical rating scale (NRS), the patient satisfaction scale (PSS) and quality of life (QOL) of the patient, the dose of morphine consumed, and the occurrence and severity of adverse events were recorded preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 2 months after surgery...No patients experienced serious complications. SNN via the transdiscal approach under flouroscopic guidance was an effective, safe, and easy operation for epigastric cancer pain, with fewer complications.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion date:  Vital-signs-integrated Patient-assisted Intravenous Opioid Analgesia (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    P2,  N=20, Active, not recruiting, 
    SNN via the transdiscal approach under flouroscopic guidance was an effective, safe, and easy operation for epigastric cancer pain, with fewer complications. Trial completion date: Dec 2021 --> Dec 2022
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., paracetamol / Generic mfg.
    Trial completion, Trial completion date, Trial primary completion date:  Postoperative Pain, Recovery and Discharge Following Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Apr 1, 2022   
    P3,  N=180, Completed, 
    Trial completion date: Dec 2021 --> Dec 2022 Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2022 --> Mar 2022 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2022 --> Mar 2022
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., hydromorphone hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
    Enrollment change, Trial withdrawal, Surgery:  Spinal Anesthetic for Hip and Knee Replacement Surgery - Intrathecal Morphine or Hydromorphone (clinicaltrials.gov) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    P=N/A,  N=0, Withdrawn, 
    Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2022 --> Mar 2022 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2022 --> Mar 2022 N=455 --> 0 | Not yet recruiting --> Withdrawn
  • ||||||||||  ketorolac / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Single-port robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy is associated with decreased post-operative narcotic use in a propensity score matched analysis. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    Demographic, intraoperative, and post-operative data, including morphine equivalent (ME) use, were collected...Propensity score matching using nearest neighbor method was performed using prostate volume, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and post-op ketorolac use in 4:1 fashion...The single-port approach was associated with a reduction in MEs once admitted to the floor (5 vs. 11 mg, p = 0.025) and an increase in the proportion of patients who did not require any narcotics post-operatively (44 vs. 19%, p = 0.036). In a propensity matched cohort of patients undergoing RASP at a single institution, use of the single-port robotic system conferred a significant decrease in post-operative narcotic use by approximately 50%.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Postoperative opioid use for patients with chronic pelvic pain undergoing robotic surgery for resection of endometriosis. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    Patients undergoing surgery for endometriosis used on average 105.9 morphine milligram equivalents (MME), equivalent to 14 tabs of oxycodone 5 mg...In conclusion, patients undergoing robotic surgery for endometriosis used over two times as many opioids postoperatively as patients without endometriosis and have a higher perceived postoperative pain. Providers should be aware of this difference in order to provide better pain control for this patient population.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., methamphetamine / Generic mfg.
    Review, Journal:  Cannabidiol and substance use disorder: Dream or reality. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    MRAK159688 downregulation may represent a novel RNA-based therapy for morphine tolerance. While the currently available evidence converges to suggest that CBD could effectively reduce the rewarding and reinforcing effects of addictive drugs, more preclinical and clinical studies are needed before CBD can be added to the therapeutic arsenal for treating addiction.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Impact of an opioid prescribing alert system on patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    The effectiveness of clinical support interventions for opioid prescribing for patients with PTSD has not been documented previously. Our findings provide novel evidence that the EHR can be used to improve patient safety among patients with PTSD in the context of substance use.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., hydromorphone hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Trends in dispensing of individual prescription opioid formulations, Canada 2005-2020. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 31, 2022   
    The earliest breakpoint occurred towards substantive decreases for oxycodone dispensing in 2011; subsequently, there were increases in dispensing of hydromorphone and fentanyl likely due to substitution effects, followed by across-the-board declines post-2015/2016. Recent 'safer opioid' distribution programs to reduce illicit/toxic opioid exposure linked with high levels of poisoning fatalities seem to fuel resurgences in select opioid (e.g., morphine) dispensing.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., hydrocodone/paracetamol / Generic mfg.
    Racial Disparity in Post-operative Pain Management following Laparoscopic Salpingectomies (Hall E) -  Mar 31, 2022 - Abstract #ACOG2022ACOG_436;    
    Our work serves as a model that clinical practices can utilize to evaluate current pain prescription practices and identify racial bias in pain management at an institutional level. Future studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to further explore this relationship.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    A Curriculum for Opioid Prescribing: What is the Effect on Postoperative Prescribing Patterns? (Hall E) -  Mar 31, 2022 - Abstract #ACOG2022ACOG_380;    
    Morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) prescribed were recorded before and after the curriculum... A provider-based curriculum was successful at decreasing the total number of opioids prescribed to gynecologic and cesarean delivery patients in addition to increasing consistency among prescribers.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Variations in Postpartum Opioid Prescribing Practices Among Obstetrician–Gynecologists (Hall E) -  Mar 31, 2022 - Abstract #ACOG2022ACOG_345;    
    Opioids were converted to oral morphine milligram equivalents (MME) for comparison, and total MME was calculated for each prescription... Patients delivering via cesarean after the published ACOG Committee Opinion 742 received discharge prescriptions with fewer MMEs, but there was no difference between prescriptions written the day of versus before discharge.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Early Opioid Consumption Patterns After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 30, 2022   
    Hylan G-F 20 is associated with a reduction in opioid prescriptions and IACS in OAK patients. Given that most patients use few opioids, patients could be offered the option of a 12 oxycodone 5 mg (90 oral morphine equivalents) discharge prescription, accompanied by education on appropriate opioid use and disposal.
  • ||||||||||  morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal:  Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) for Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Retrospective Propensity-Matched Cohort Study. (Pubmed Central) -  Mar 30, 2022   
    Consistent with other studies demonstrating benefit of an ERAS protocol for minimally invasive spine procedures, ERAS was associated with decreased operative time, reduced length of stay, decrease in IV opioid consumption, and improved physiological outcomes for open 1- and 2-level TLIF. ERAS can be a potentially effective strategy for improving patient outcome and efficiency of healthcare resources for common conventional spinal surgeries such as open TLIF.