fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg. 
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  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Statistical Analysis of County-Level Contributing Factors to Opioid-Related Overdose Deaths in the United States. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 30, 2020   
    These features were used as predictors to model the overdose deaths from all types of opioids including prescription (e.g., oxycodone and hydrocodone) and illicit opioids (e.g., heroin and fentanyl) to investigate general trend, as well as separate models for heroin and fentanyl. Multilevel mixed-effect regression was adopted to adequately model grouping effect across counties.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., ketamine / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Evaluation of Different Sedatives for Colonoscopy. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 28, 2020   
    Intraoperative insertion of chlorhexidine-coated central venous catheters can trigger life-threatening anaphylaxis in susceptible patients undergoing renal transplantation. Sedation with propofol ketamine during colonoscopy was found to be safe and efficacious to achieve hemodynamic stability with fewer complications than propofol fentanyl.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Pharmacological attenuation of group III/IV muscle afferents improves endurance performance when oxygen delivery to locomotor muscles is preserved. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 28, 2020   
    While breathing 100% O to ensure a similar arterial O content ([Formula: see text]) in both trials, eight male cyclists performed 5-km time trials under control conditions (H) and with lumbar intrathecal fentanyl (H) impairing neural feedback from the lower limbs...ΔQ was significantly greater in H compared to H (54±8% vs 39±9%), while ΔVA was not different (~5%; P=0.3) in both trials. These findings reveal that group III/IV muscle afferent feedback limits whole body endurance exercise performance and peripheral fatigue by restricting neural activation of locomotor muscle.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Preclinical, Journal:  Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 mediates fentanyl uptake in cultured cells. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 28, 2020   
    In 293‑OATP1A2 cells, the uptake of FEX without OATP1A2 inhibitor naringenin (100 µg/ml) was 2.8‑fold higher compared with that in the presence of naringenin, and the uptake of fentanyl without naringenin was 7.3‑fold higher compared with that in the presence of naringenin (100 µg/ml). In conclusion, 293 cells that overexpressed OATP1A2 were successfully constructed, and OATP1A2 was revealed to mediate fentanyl uptake in the cultured cells.
  • ||||||||||  oxycodone IR (PFR06158) / Ensysce Biosciences
    Clinical, Journal:  Mechanisms of interleukin 4 mediated increase in efficacy of vaccines against opioid use disorders. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 28, 2020   
    Enhancement of vaccine efficacy with blockade of IL-4 was associated with improved germinal center formation in secondary lymphoid organs and selective transcriptome signatures in the activated CD4 T cell population subset. These data suggest that IL-4 is both a pharmacological target and a potential biomarker of vaccine efficacy against OUD.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
    Biomarker, Journal:  Opioid Use and Rate of Nicotine Metabolism among Pregnant Smokers. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 27, 2020   
    Among pregnant smokers, we observed that nicotine metabolism was significantly faster among opioid users-the majority of whom were on methadone maintenance-compared to non-users, which could have implications for smoking cessation. Further studies are needed to replicate this finding, evaluate potential mechanisms, and determine its clinical significance.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  Pain in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: How and What Are We Doing? (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 27, 2020   
    Assessment and intervention practices vary considerably. Research is needed to establish best practices for pain assessment in patients with limited communicative ability and to determine which pain management strategies improve patients' outcomes.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., methadone / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Alcohol or Benzodiazepine Co-involvement With Opioid Overdose Deaths in the United States, 1999-2017. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 27, 2020   
    This study found that alcohol and benzodiazepine co-involvement in opioid-involved overdose deaths was common, varied by opioid subtype, and was associated with state-level binge drinking and benzodiazepine prescribing rates. These results may inform state policy initiatives in harm reduction and overdose prevention efforts.
  • ||||||||||  Duragesic (fentanyl) / J&J
    Journal:  Assessment of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing of Opioid Analgesics Requiring Prior Opioid Tolerance. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 27, 2020   
    Less than half of use episodes (73 117 episodes [47.7%]) involved patients with evidence in claims data of opioid tolerance prior to initiating therapy with an OTO medication, including 31 392 of 101 676 episodes (30.9%) involving transdermal fentanyl, 1561 of 2440 episodes (64.0%) involving transmucosal fentanyl, 36 596 of 43 559 episodes (84.0%) involving extended-release oxycodone, and 3568 of 5710 episodes (62.5%) involving extended-release hydromorphone...Data from EHRs did not contribute substantial additional evidence of opioid tolerance beyond the data found in prescription claims. Future research is needed to understand the clinical rationale behind these observed prescribing patterns and to quantify the risk of harm to patients associated with potentially inappropriate prescribing.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Role of BNST CRFR1 Receptors in Incubation of Fentanyl Seeking. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 26, 2020   
    These patterns of responding with R121919 treatment resulted in less fentanyl-associated conditioned reinforcement during test. Together, these findings suggest a role for BNST CRFR1 signaling in driving cue-reinforced opioid seeking after periods of forced abstinence.
  • ||||||||||  pethidine / Samaritan
    Clinical, Journal:  Safety and efficacy of fentanyl versus pethidine in cataract surgery under propofol- based sedation: A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 26, 2020   
    The mean value of diastolic and systolic blood pressures, pulse rate, and mean arterial pressure dioxide were significantly decreased in both PF and PP groups (P < 0.001), although there was no significant difference between groups. Our findings indicated the equivalence effects on hemodynamic parameters for both pethidine and fentanyl in combination with propofol in which they could provide appropriate sedation and safe anesthesia with lower complications and acceptable patients' and surgeons' satisfaction.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Reimbursement, Journal, Medicaid:  The ACA Medicaid Expansions and Opioid Mortality: Is There a Link? (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 26, 2020   
    We identify three main challenges in isolating the effect of the Medicaid expansions on drug-related mortality that cannot be sufficiently addressed with current data: (a) nonparallel preexpansion trends in drug-related mortality, (b) the contemporaneous surge in the supply of illicitly manufactured fentanyl, and (c) lack of statistical power. We argue that more comprehensive data are needed to answer this question.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  How the complex pharmacology of the fentanyls contributes to their lethality. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 25, 2020   
    In conclusion, the baseline CI obtained via the bioreactance-based NICOM system may serve as a predictor of post-spinal anesthesia hypotension in parturients regardless of patient position. No abstract available
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Clinical, Journal:  The epidemiology of prescription fentanyl misuse in the United States. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 25, 2020   
    No abstract available Respondents who misused prescription fentanyl were both more drug-involved generally and opioid-involved specifically; and likely need a combination of significant interventions and monitoring for their polysubstance use.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., hydromorphone / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Impact of order entry alerts and modifications on doses of intravenous opioids dispensed during a national drug shortage. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 24, 2020   
    With respect to clinical advantage, no decisive deduction about the clinical efficacy may be made regarding these medications in acute sickle-cell pain management in the pediatric age group. Order entry alerts and modifications significantly decreased dispenses of intermittent doses of i.v. opioids during a national shortage, with demonstrated sustainability of decreases over 7 months.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  The H T dispersion curve of fentanyl citrate to identify NQR parameters. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 23, 2020   
    The predictions for the aniline nitrogen are consistent with structures in the observed T data. To help interpret the fentanyl citrate results the T dispersion curve for the explosive ammonium nitrate is also presented.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Qualitative measurement of opioid effects on pain and dyspnea: gender difference in the sensitivity. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 23, 2020   
    Though not able to show a qualitative measurement of tolerance formation in opioid-users, data from control patients showed females to be more sensitive to pain and dyspnea but is less sensitive to the opioid effect. Further studies are necessary to show whether these gender differences serve as clinical relevance.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Detection of Opioids on Mail/Packages Using Open Port Interface Mass Spectrometry (OPI-MS). (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 23, 2020   
    This work explores the use of real-time mass spectrometry analysis with the recently developed Open Port Interface (OPI) for acoustically dispensed nanoliter volume sample droplets, a type of liquid microjunction surface sampling probe, for rapid and easy non-intrusive detection of fentanyl, heroin, and oxycodone...Opioids on different packaging materials (e.g., paper, bubble wrap, Ziploc bags) were rapidly (<10 s) interrogated by the OPI, and the sensitivities of the method compared. Furthermore, an opioid surrogate (caffeine) could be facilely detected on envelopes after processing through postal services.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Fentanyl (Twitter) -  Oct 22, 2020   
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Journal:  Screening of 104 New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) and Other Drugs of Abuse in Oral Fluid by LC-MS-MS. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 21, 2020   
    The aim of this research was to develop and validate a sensitive screening method for 104 drugs of abuse, including synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, fentanyl analogues, phenethylamines and other abused psychoactive compounds (i.e., THC, MDMA, LSD and their metabolites) in oral fluid by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS)...The method was successfully applied to the analysis of 7 authentic oral fluid samples positive for 16 different analytes. The method achieved good sensitivity and simultaneous detection of a wide range of NPS.
  • ||||||||||  fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
    Retrospective data, Journal, Head-to-Head:  Erector Spinae Plane Block and Paravertebral Block for Breast Surgery: A Retrospective Propensity-Matched Noninferiority Trial. (Pubmed Central) -  Oct 20, 2020   
    We considered that the analgesic efficacy of ESPB was noninferior to TPVB if both postoperative fentanyl consumption and area under the curve (AUC) for pain scores within 24 h were within 50 µg and 240 mm･h margins, respectively...ESPB and TPVB provided comparable postoperative analgesia for 24 h in patients undergoing breast surgery. Dermatomal sensory blockade was, however, less apparent and narrower after ESPB than after TPVB.