- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., sevoflurane / Generic mfg., rocuronium / Generic mfg.
Journal: Propofol/Fentanyl/Rocuronium or Sevoflurane Inhalational Induction for Intubation? (Pubmed Central) - Dec 17, 2021
Less blood pressure fluctuations were recorded in IVCIS group patients. Conclusions Inhalational vital capacity induction with sevoflurane provided acceptable intubating conditions and exhibited a safe hemodynamic profile, albeit the duration was more than 12 minutes.
- |||||||||| loxicodegol (NKTR-181) / Nektar Therap
Preclinical, Journal: Preclinical Assessment of the Analgesic Pharmacology of NKTR-181 in Rodents. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Enhanced treatment for substance use disorders is also needed to address the increased risk for overdose (4) and treatment complications (5) associated with using IMFs with stimulants. NKTR-181 had a slower onset, but similar efficacy, to morphine in the models studied supporting reduced abuse potential while maintaining analgesic effect in comparison with current opioids.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Synthesis and Characterization of Azido Aryl Analogs of IBNtxA for Radio-Photoaffinity Labeling Opioid Receptors in Cell Lines and in Mouse Brain. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
We demonstrate that both allyl and alkyne arylazido derivatives of IBNtxA efficiently radio-photolabeled mMOR-1 in cell lines and MOR-1 protein complexes expressed either exogenously or endogenously, as well as found in mouse brain. In future, design and application of such radio-photolabeling ligands with a conjugated handle will provide useful tools for further isolating or purifying MOR-1 to investigate site specific ligand-protein contacts and its signaling complexes.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Interaction of auditory and pain pathways: Effects of stimulus intensity, hearing loss and opioid signaling. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
In Experiment II, the opioid pain pathway was modified by treating rats with a high dose of fentanyl known to induce post-treatment hyperalgesia...TF latencies in ambient noise gradually declined from 1- to 4-weeks post-exposure indicating that noise-induced hearing loss had increased pain sensitivity. Our results suggest that auditory and pain pathways interact in ways that depend on intensity, hearing loss and opioid pain signaling, results potentially relevant to pain hyperacusis.
- |||||||||| methadone / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Methadone in Pain Management: A Systematic Review. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
PERSPECTIVE: This article presents a systematic review, which includes a summary of published randomized controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of methadone in the management of pain. This is important for determining its analgesic utility and for identifying gaps in existing knowledge.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Finding the Proverbial Needle: Non-targeted Screening of Synthetic Opioids in Equine Plasma. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
The efficacy of the developed techniques was tested through blind trials, with spiked samples inserted amongst authentic plasma samples, which demonstrated the usefulness of these methods for high-throughput screening. The use of a non-targeted screening workflow that contains complementary techniques can increase the likelihood of detecting compounds of interest within a sample, as well as the confidence in detections that are made.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Retrospective data, Review, Journal: Subcutaneous fentanyl for labour analgesia: a retrospective case note review. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Overall, our findings highlight that adolescence is a unique period of development that is vulnerable to nicotine-induced enhancement for cocaine and fentanyl self-administration in rats. Subcutaneous fentanyl for labour analgesia appears effective and has a low incidence of adverse events.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Towards Compound Identification of Synthetic Opioids in Non-targeted Screening Using Machine Learning Techniques. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
The developed class prediction model used a naïve Bayes architecture to classify opioids as belonging to either the fentanyl analogues, AH series or U series, with an accuracy of 89.5%...Once the suspected structure of an unknown compound is determined, molecular features can be generated and input for the prediction model to compare with experimental retention time. The incorporation of machine learning prediction models into a compound identification workflow can assist putative identifications with greater confidence and ultimately save time and money in the purchase and/or production of superfluous certified reference materials.
- |||||||||| oxycodone controlled release / Generic mfg.
Review, Journal: Oxycodone in the Opioid Epidemic: High 'Liking', 'Wanting', and Abuse Liability. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
The false-claimed non-addictive formulation of oxycodone, OxyContin, further contributed to the opioid crisis...We will discuss various mechanisms that likely contribute to the high abuse rate of oxycodone including clinical drug likability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, differences in its actions within mesolimbic reward circuity compared to other opioids, and the possibility of differential molecular and cellular receptor interactions that contribute to its selective effects. We will also discuss marketing strategies and drug difference that likely contributes to the oxycodone opioid use disorders and addiction.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Observational data, Journal: Prevalence of Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Predictors of hypothermia were perioperative chills (p = 0.026), patient's body temperature on arrival in the operating room (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), ASA status III (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), general anesthesia (p < 0.001), medical specialty (p < 0.001), fentanyl-based anesthesia (p = 0.002), and surgery time (p < 0.001)...Approximately 6 in 10 patients undergoing surgery developed inadvertent perioperative hypothermia. The risk of hypothermia is influenced by a myriad of factors that can be used in simple and low-cost predictive models with adequate discriminatory power.
- |||||||||| ketamine / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Differential effect of anesthetics on mucociliary clearance in vivo in mice. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Our results indicate that anesthetics containing ketamine (ketamine/xylazine and ketamine/dexmedetomidine) significantly depress MCC, while combinations containing fentanyl (fentanyl/isoflurane, fentanyl/midazolam/dexmedetomidine) and propofol do not. Our method for assessing MCC is reproducible and has utility for studying the effects of other drug combinations.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Respiratory depression and analgesia by opioid drugs in freely-behaving larval zebrafish. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
In freely-behaving larval zebrafish, fentanyl depresses the rate of respiratory mandible movements and induces analgesia, effects reversed by mu-opioid receptor antagonists. Zebrafish presents evolutionary conserved mechanisms of action of opioid drugs, also found in mammals, and constitute amenable models for phenotype-based drug discovery.
- |||||||||| midazolam hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Journal: Chlorhexidine: An important cause of perioperative anaphylaxis. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
For the next surgical attempt, she was pretreated with diphenhydramine and ranitidine, and the neuromuscular blocker was withheld...The surgical team was instructed to avoid the culprit medication, and the cranial surgery was successful. Although difficult, cases of perioperative anaphylaxis can be solved with a detailed history, keen detective work, and appropriate testing.
- |||||||||| ketamine / Generic mfg., lorazepam / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Approach to Sedation and Analgesia in COVID-19 Patients on Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Historically, sedation and analgesia management in patients requiring ECMO support have posed a challenge for bedside clinicians given the unique physiological and pharmacokinetic changes in this patient population. A multimodal strategy to managing analgesia and sedation should be used, and the use of enteral agents may play a role in reducing parenteral agent requirements.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., hydromorphone hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Review, Journal: Opioid Use in the Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Population. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
A stepwise approach such as the Screen-Quantify-Use opioids-Adjust-Reassess-Engage prescribing strategy proposed here is critical to ensure optimal pain control while minimizing the side effects and adverse events of opioids. The effects of opioids on clinically relevant outcomes in the CKD population remains to be explored in future studies.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., epinephrine / Generic mfg.
Journal: Maternal haemodynamics during labour epidural analgesia with and without adrenaline. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
The effects of opioids on clinically relevant outcomes in the CKD population remains to be explored in future studies. The addition of 2 μg mL adrenaline to the epidural solution is not likely to change maternal haemodynamics during labour.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg., morphine sulphate / Generic mfg., hydromorphone hydrochloride / Generic mfg.
Clinical, Journal: Impact of Opioid Administration in the Intensive Care Unit and Subsequent Use in Opioid-Naïve Patients. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
This study failed to find a significant relationship between ICU opioid use in opioid-naïve patients and subsequent opioid use. These findings highlight the need to focus on transitions points between the ICU and discharge as potential opportunities to reduce inappropriate opioid continuation.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Journal: Good Samaritan laws and overdose mortality in the United States in the fentanyl era. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
GSLs with more expansive legal protections combined with a NAL, were associated with lower rates of overdose deaths, although these risk reductions take time to manifest. Policy makers should consider enacting and implementing more expansive GSLs with arrest protections to increase the likelihood people will contact emergency services in the event of an overdose.
- |||||||||| ByFavo (remimazolam) / PAION, Cosmo Pharma, Mundipharma, Pharmascience, Acacia Pharma
Review, Journal: Remimazolam: A Review in Procedural Sedation. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Significantly higher procedure success rates (composite of the completion of the procedure, top-up doses of study drug within predefined limits and no requirement for rescue therapy) were observed with remimazolam than with placebo, with the majority of placebo recipients requiring rescue midazolam...Higher doses of concomitant fentanyl with remimazolam may increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions and deep sedation events...In summary, remimazolam is a useful option for the induction and maintenance of procedural sedation. Although pharmacoeconomic analyses for remimazolam are not yet available, the rapid induction of sedation and short recovery times with remimazolam may be beneficial in improving patient throughput in clinics.
- |||||||||| fentanyl citrate / Generic mfg.
Preclinical, Journal: Fentanyl-related substances elicit antinociception and hyperlocomotion in mice via opioid receptors. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
Naltrexone (1 mg/kg) increased ED values several fold with decreasing magnitudes of para-methylfentanyl (63.1×) > para-methoxyfentanyl (22.5×) > beta'-phenylfentanyl (21.0×) > 3-furanylfentanyl (20.6×) > beta-methylfentanyl (19.2×) > phenylfentanyl (5.23×) > fentanyl (3.95×) > fentanyl carbamate (2.21×) > morphine (1.48×). These findings expand upon in vivo results from previous studies and establish that the effects of these fentanyl related-related substances are at least in part mediated by the MOR.
- |||||||||| Seizalam (midazolam intramuscular) / Pfizer
Journal: Comparison of two injectable anaesthetic techniques on induction and subsequent anaesthesia in pigs. (Pubmed Central) - Dec 16, 2021
In conclusion, ZTMe had better results than MiKF in areas such as shorter induction time, better intubation scoring results and less adjustment and amount of TIVA required up to six hours of anaesthesia. The results may have been due to a greater depth of anaesthesia achieved with the ZTMe combination at the dose used.
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